Priority;Component;CMIP name;NorESM name or implementation status;CMOR implementation status;MIPs;Frequencies;"Long name";"Description";Units
1;aerosol;abs550aer;TAUA550;partly;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,PMIP,RFMIP;mon;"Ambient Aerosol Absorption Optical Thickness at 550 nm";"alias::atmosphere_absorption_optical_thickness_due_to_ambient_aerosol";1
1;aerosol;airmass; ;no;AerChemMIP,DAMIP;mon;"Vertically integrated mass content of air in layer";"""Mass_of_air"" means the mass due solely to the gaseous constituents of the atmosphere.  The standard name for the mass including precipitation and aerosol particles is atmosphere_mass_per_unit_area.";kg m-2
1;aerosol;aoanh; ;no;AerChemMIP,DAMIP;mon;"Northern Hemisphere Tracer Lifetime";"Fixed surface layer mixing ratio over 30o-50oN (0 ppbv), uniform fixed source (at all levels) everywhere else (source is unspecified but must be constant in space and time and documented). Note that the source could be 1yr/yr, so the tracer concentration provides mean age in years. For method using linearly increasing tracer include a method attribute: ""linearly increasing tracer""For method using uniform source (1yr/yr) include a method attribute: ""uniform source""";yr
1;aerosol;bldep; ;no;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP,VIACSAB;6hr,mon,subhrPt;"Boundary Layer Depth";"Boundary layer depth";m
1;aerosol;bry; ;no;AerChemMIP;mon;"Total inorganic bromine volume mixing ratio";"Total family (the sum of all appropriate species in the model) ; list the species in the netCDF header, e.g. Bry = Br + BrO + HOBr + HBr + BrONO2 + BrCl Definition: Total inorganic bromine (e.g., HBr and inorganic bromine oxides and radicals (e.g., BrO, atomic bromine (Br), bromine nitrate (BrONO2)) resulting from degradation of bromine-containing organic source gases (halons, methyl bromide, VSLS), and natural inorganic bromine sources (e.g., volcanoes, sea salt, and other aerosols) add comment attribute with detailed description about how the model calculates these fields";mol mol-1
1;aerosol;bs550aer; ;no;AerChemMIP;6hr;"Aerosol backscatter coefficient";"Aerosol  Backscatter at 550nm and 180 degrees, computed from extinction and lidar ratio";m-1 sr-1
1;aerosol;c2h2; ;no;AerChemMIP,DAMIP;mon;"C2H2 volume mixing ratio";"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.";mol mol-1
1;aerosol;c2h6; ;no;AerChemMIP,DAMIP;mon;"C2H6 volume mixing ratio";"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.";mol mol-1
1;aerosol;c3h6; ;no;AerChemMIP,DAMIP;mon;"C3H6  volume mixing ratio";"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.";mol mol-1
1;aerosol;c3h8; ;no;AerChemMIP,DAMIP;mon;"C3H8  volume mixing ratio";"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.";mol mol-1
1;aerosol;ccn; ;no;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"cloud condensation nuclei concentration at liquid cloud top";"proposed name: number_concentration_of_ambient_aerosol_in_air_at_liquid_water_cloud_top";m-3
1;aerosol;cdnc;CDNC;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP;mon;"Cloud Droplet Number Concentration";"Cloud Droplet Number Concentration in liquid water clouds.";m-3
1;aerosol;ch3coch3; ;no;AerChemMIP,DAMIP;mon;"CH3COCH3  volume mixing ratio";"Mole fraction is used in the construction ""mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y"", where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as ""nitrogen"" or a phrase such as ""nox_expressed_as_nitrogen"". Acetone is an organic molecule with the chemical formula CH3CH3CO. The IUPAC name for acetone is propan-2-one. Acetone is a member of the group of organic compounds known as ketones. There are standard names for the ketone group as well as for some of the individual species.";mol mol-1
1;aerosol;ch4;CH4?;no;AerChemMIP,DAMIP;mon;"CH4 volume mixing ratio";"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.";mol mol-1
1;aerosol;cheaqpso4; ;no;AerChemMIP,DAMIP;mon;"Aqueous-phase production rate of SO4";"proposed name: tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_sulfate_dry_aerosol_due_to_aqueous_phase_net_chemical_production";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;chegpso4; ;no;AerChemMIP,DAMIP;mon;"Gas-phase production rate of SO4";"proposed name: tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_sulfate_dry_aerosol_due_to_gas_phase_net_chemical_production";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;chepasoa; ;no;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"total net production of anthropogenic secondary organic aerosol";"anthropogenic part of chepsoa";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;chepsoa; ;no;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"chemical production of dry aerosol secondary organic matter";"If model lumps SOA emissions with POA, then the sum of POA and SOA emissions is reported as OA emissions. """"mass"""" refers to the mass of primary organic matter, not mass of organic carbon alone.";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;cltc; ;no;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"Convective Cloud Cover Percentage";"Convective cloud area fraction for the whole atmospheric column, as seen from the surface or the top of the atmosphere. Includes only convective cloud.";%
1;aerosol;cly; ;no;AerChemMIP;mon;"Total inorganic chlorine volume mixing ratio";"Total family (the sum of all appropriate species in the model) ; list the species in the netCDF header, e.g. Cly = HCl + ClONO2 + HOCl + ClO + Cl + 2*Cl2O2 +2Cl2 + OClO + BrCl Definition: Total inorganic stratospheric chlorine (e.g., HCl, ClO) resulting from degradation of chlorine-containing source gases (CFCs, HCFCs, VSLS), and natural inorganic chlorine sources (e.g., sea salt and other aerosols) add comment attribute with detailed description about how the model calculates these fields";mol mol-1
1;aerosol;co; ;no;AerChemMIP,DAMIP;mon;"CO volume mixing ratio";"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.";mol mol-1
1;aerosol;co2;CO2?;no;AerChemMIP,DAMIP;mon;"CO2 volume mixing ratio";"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.";mol mol-1
1;aerosol;cod; ;no;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP;day,mon;"Cloud Optical Depth";"The optical thickness is the integral along the path of radiation of a volume scattering/absorption/attenuation coefficient. The radiative flux is reduced by a factor exp(-optical_thickness) on traversing the path. A coordinate variable of radiation_wavelength or radiation_frequency can be specified to indicate that the optical thickness applies at specific wavelengths or frequencies. The atmosphere optical thickness applies to radiation passing through the entire atmosphere. ""Cloud"" means the component of extinction owing to the presence of liquid or ice water particles. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a  single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase.";1
1;aerosol;depdust; ; ;PMIP;mon;"Total Deposition Rate of Dust";"Balkanski - LSCE";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;dms; ;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP;mon;"DMS volume mixing ratio";"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.";mol mol-1
1;aerosol;drybc;DRY_BC;partly;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"dry deposition rate of black carbon aerosol mass";"Dry deposition includes gravitational settling, impact scavenging, and turbulent deposition.";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;drydust;DRY_DUST;partly;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,PMIP;mon;"Dry Deposition Rate of Dust";"Dry deposition includes gravitational settling, impact scavenging, and turbulent deposition.";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;drynh3; ;no;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"Dry Deposition Rate of nh3";"dry deposition includes gravitational settling, impact scavenging, and turbulent deposition";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;drynh4; ;no;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"dry deposition rate of nh4";"dry deposition includes gravitational settling, impact scavenging, and turbulent deposition";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;drynoy; ;no;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"dry deposition rate of noy";"NOy is the sum of all simulated oxidized nitrogen species out of NO, NO2, HNO3, HNO4, NO3aerosol, NO3(radical), N2O5, PAN, other organic nitrates. Dry deposition includes gravitational settling, impact scavenging, and turbulent deposition.";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;dryo3; ;no;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"Dry Deposition Rate of o3";"dry deposition includes gravitational settling, impact scavenging, and turbulent deposition.";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;dryoa; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"dry deposition rate of dry aerosol total organic matter";"Tendency of atmosphere mass content of organic dry aerosol due to dry deposition: This is the sum of dry deposition of POA and dry deposition of SOA (see next two entries). 'Mass' refers to the mass of organic matter, not mass of organic carbon alone.  We recommend a scale factor of POM=1.4*OC, unless your model has more detailed info available. Was called dry_pom in old ACCMIP Excel table. Dry deposition includes gravitational settling, impact scavenging, and turbulent deposition.";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;dryso2; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"Dry Deposition Rate of so2";"dry deposition includes gravitational settling, impact scavenging, and turbulent deposition";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;dryso4; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"dry deposition rate of so4";"dry deposition includes gravitational settling, impact scavenging, and turbulent deposition";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;dryss; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"dry deposition rate of seasalt";"Dry deposition includes gravitational settling, impact scavenging, and turbulent deposition.";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;ec550aer;ec550aer;partly;AerChemMIP,GeoMIP;6hrPt,mon;"Aerosol extinction coefficient";"Aerosol Extinction at 550nm";m-1
1;aerosol;emiaco; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"total emission rate of anthropogenic co";"anthrophogenic  emission of CO";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;emianox; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"anthropogenic emission rate of nox";"Store flux as Nitrogen. Anthropogenic fraction. NOx=NO+NO2, Includes agricultural waste burning but no other biomass burning. Integrate 3D emission field vertically to 2d field.";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;emiaoa; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"total emission of anthropogenic  organic aerosol";"anthropogenic part of emioa";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;emibc; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"emission rate of black carbon aerosol mass";"Integrate 3D emission field vertically to 2d field.";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;emibvoc; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"total emission rate of biogenic nmvoc";"Integrate 3D emission field vertically to 2d field._If_ fixed molecular weight of NMVOC is not available in model, please provide in units of kilomole m-2 s-1 (i.e. kg m-2 s-1 as if model NMVOC had molecular weight of 1) and add a comment to your file.";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;emico; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"Total Emission Rate of co";"Integrate 3D emission field vertically to 2d field.";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;emidms; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"Total Emission Rate of dms";"Integrate 3D emission field vertically to 2d field.";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;emidust; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,PMIP;mon;"total emission rate of dust";"Integrate 3D emission field vertically to 2d field.";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;emiisop; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"Total Emission Rate of isoprene";"Integrate 3D emission field vertically to 2d field";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;emilnox; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP;mon;"layer-integrated lightning production of NOx";"Integrate the NOx production for lightning over model layer. proposed name: tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_nox_from_lightning";mol s-1
1;aerosol;eminh3; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"Total Emission Rate of nh3";"Integrate 3D emission field vertically to 2d field.";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;eminox; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"Total Emission Rate of nox";"NOx=NO+NO2. Integrate 3D emission field vertically to 2d field.";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;emioa; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"primary emission and chemical production of dry aerosol organic matter";"This is the sum of total emission of POA and total production of SOA (emipoa+chepsoa). """"Mass"""" refers to the mass of organic matter, not mass of organic carbon alone. We recommend a scale factor of POM=1.4*OC, unless your model has more detailed info available.  Integrate 3D chemical production and emission field vertically to 2d field.";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;emiso2; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"Total Emission Rate of so2";"Integrate 3D emission field vertically to 2d field.";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;emiso4; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"total direct emission rate of so4";"Direct primary emission does not include secondary sulfate production. Integrate 3D emission field vertically to 2d field.";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;emiss; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"total emission rate of seasalt";"Integrate 3D emission field vertically to 2d field.";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;emivoc; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"total emission rate of nmvoc";"Integrate 3D emission field vertically to 2d field. _If_ fixed molecular weight of NMVOC is not available in model, please provide in units of kilomole m-2 s-1 (i.e. kg m-2 s-1 as if model NMVOC had molecular weight of 1) and add a comment to your file.";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;h2o; ;no;AerChemMIP,DAMIP;mon;"Mass Fraction of Water";"includes all phases of water";1
1;aerosol;hcho; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP;mon;"Formaldehyde volume mixing ratio";"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.";mol mol-1
1;aerosol;hcl; ;no;AerChemMIP,DAMIP;mon;"HCl volume mixing ratio";"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.  The chemical formula of hydrogen chloride is HCl.";mol mol-1
1;aerosol;hno3; ;no;AerChemMIP,DAMIP;mon;"HNO3 volume mixing ratio";"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.";mol mol-1
1;aerosol;ho2; ;no;AerChemMIP;mon;"HO2 volume mixing ratio";"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.  The chemical formula of hydroperoxyl radical is HO2.";mol mol-1
1;aerosol;isop; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP;mon;"Isoprene volume mixing ratio";"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.";mol mol-1
1;aerosol;jno2; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP;mon;"photolysis rate of NO2";"""Photolysis"" is a chemical reaction in which a chemical compound is broken down by photons. The ""reaction rate"" is the rate at which the reactants of a chemical reaction form the products. The chemical formula for nitrogen dioxide is NO2.";s-1
1;aerosol;lossch4; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP;mon;"Monthly Loss of atmospheric Methane";"monthly averaged atmospheric loss";mol m-3 s-1
1;aerosol;lossco; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP;mon;"Monthly Loss of atmospheric Carbon Monoxide";"monthly averaged atmospheric loss";mol m-3 s-1
1;aerosol;lossn2o; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP;mon;"Monthly Loss of atmospheric Nitrous Oxide";"monthly averaged atmospheric loss";mol m-3 s-1
1;aerosol;lwp; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP,PMIP;mon;"liquid water path";"""Content"" indicates a quantity per unit area. The ""atmosphere content"" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface to the top of the atmosphere. For the content between specified levels in the atmosphere, standard names including content_of_atmosphere_layer are used.";kg m-2
1;aerosol;maxpblz; ;no;AerChemMIP;day;"maximum PBL height";"maximum boundary layer height during the day (add cell_methods attribute: ""time: maximum"")";m
1;aerosol;meanage; ;no;AerChemMIP,DynVar,VolMIP;mon;"Mean Age of Stratospheric Air";"The mean age of air is defined as the mean time that a stratospheric air mass has been out of contact with the well-mixed troposphere.";yr
1;aerosol;minpblz; ;no;AerChemMIP;day;"minimum PBL height";"minimum boundary layer height during the day (add cell_methods attribute: ""time: minimum"")";m
1;aerosol;mmraerh2o; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,RFMIP;mon;"Aerosol water mass mixing ratio";"Mass fraction is used in the construction mass_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. It means the ratio of the mass of X to the mass of Y (including X). ""Aerosol"" means the system of suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets) and their carrier gas, the air itself. ""Ambient_aerosol"" means that the aerosol is measured or modelled at the ambient state of pressure, temperature and relative humidity that exists in its immediate environment. ""Ambient aerosol particles"" are aerosol particles that have taken up ambient water through hygroscopic growth. The extent of hygroscopic growth depends on the relative humidity and the composition of the particles.";kg kg-1
1;aerosol;mmrbc; ; ;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,PMIP,RFMIP;mon;"Elemental carbon mass mixing ratio";"Mass fraction is used in the construction mass_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. It means the ratio of the mass of X to the mass of Y (including X). ""Aerosol"" means the system of suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets) and their carrier gas, the air itself. Aerosol takes up ambient water (a process known as hygroscopic growth) depending on the relative humidity and the composition of the aerosol. ""Dry aerosol particles"" means aerosol particles without any water uptake. Chemically, ""elemental carbon"" is the carbonaceous fraction of particulate matter that is thermally stable in an inert atmosphere to high temperatures near 4000K and can only be gasified by oxidation starting at temperatures above 340 C. It is assumed to be inert and non-volatile under atmospheric conditions and insoluble in any solvent (Ogren and Charlson, 1983).";kg kg-1
1;aerosol;mmrdust; ; ;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,PMIP,RFMIP;mon;"Dust aerosol mass mixing ratio";"Mass fraction is used in the construction mass_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. It means the ratio of the mass of X to the mass of Y (including X). ""Aerosol"" means the system of suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets) and their carrier gas, the air itself. Aerosol particles take up ambient water (a process known as hygroscopic growth) depending on the relative humidity and the composition of the particles. ""Dry aerosol particles"" means aerosol particles without any water uptake.";kg kg-1
1;aerosol;mmrnh4; ; ;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP;mon;"NH4 mass mixing ratio";"Mass fraction is used in the construction mass_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. It means the ratio of the mass of X to the mass of Y (including X).  ""Mass_fraction_of_ammonium"" means that the mass is expressed as mass of NH4. ""Aerosol"" means the system of suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets) and their carrier gas, the air itself. Aerosol particles take up ambient water (a process known as hygroscopic growth) depending on the relative humidity and the composition of the particles. ""Dry aerosol particles"" means aerosol particles without any water uptake.";kg kg-1
1;aerosol;mmrno3; ; ;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,PMIP,RFMIP;mon;"NO3 aerosol mass mixing ratio";"Mass fraction is used in the construction mass_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. It means the ratio of the mass of X to the mass of Y (including X). ""Mass_fraction_of_nitrate"" means that the mass is expressed as mass of NO3. ""Aerosol"" means the system of suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets) and their carrier gas, the air itself. Aerosol particles take up ambient water (a process known as hygroscopic growth) depending on the relative humidity and the composition of the particles. ""Dry aerosol particles"" means aerosol particles without any water uptake.";kg kg-1
1;aerosol;mmroa; ; ;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,RFMIP;mon;"Total organic aerosol mass mixing ratio";"We recommend a scale factor of POM=1.4*OC, unless your model has more detailed info available.";kg kg-1
1;aerosol;mmrpm1; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP;mon;"PM1.0 mass mixing ratio";"E.g. mass_fraction_of_pm1_aerosol_at_50_percent_relative_humidity_in_air. proposed name:  mass_fraction_of_pm1_dry_aerosol_in_air";kg kg-1
1;aerosol;mmrpm10; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP;mon;"PM10 mass mixing ratio";"E.g. mass_fraction_of_pm10_aerosol_at_50_percent_relative_humidity_in_air, proposed name: mass_fraction_of_pm10_dry_aerosol_in_air";kg kg-1
1;aerosol;mmrpm2p5; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP;mon;"PM2.5 mass mixing ratio";"E.g. mass_fraction_of_pm2p5_aerosol_at_50_percent_relative_humidity_in_air, proposed_name: mass_fraction_of_pm2p5_dry_aerosol_in_air";kg kg-1
1;aerosol;mmrso4; ; ;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,PMIP,RFMIP;mon;"Aerosol sulfate mass mixing ratio";"Mass fraction is used in the construction mass_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. It means the ratio of the mass of X to the mass of Y (including X).  ""Mass_fraction_of_sulfate"" means that the mass is expressed as mass of SO4. ""Aerosol"" means the system of suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets) and their carrier gas, the air itself. Aerosol particles take up ambient water (a process known as hygroscopic growth) depending on the relative humidity and the composition of the particles. ""Dry aerosol particles"" means aerosol particles without any water uptake.";kg kg-1
1;aerosol;mmrsoa; ; ;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,RFMIP;mon;"Secondary organic aerosol mass mixing ratio";"Mass fraction is used in the construction mass_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. It means the ratio of the mass of X to the mass of Y (including X). ""Aerosol"" means the system of suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets) and their carrier gas, the air itself. Aerosol particles take up ambient water (a process known as hygroscopic growth) depending on the relative humidity and the composition of the particles. ""Dry aerosol particles"" means aerosol particles without any water uptake. ""Secondary particulate organic matter"" means particulate organic matter formed within the atmosphere from gaseous precursors. The sum of primary_particulate_organic_matter_dry_aerosol and secondary_particulate_organic_matter_dry_aerosol is particulate_organic_matter_dry_aerosol.";kg kg-1
1;aerosol;mmrss; ; ;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,PMIP,RFMIP;mon;"Sea Salt mass mixing ratio";"alias::mass_fraction_of_seasalt_dry_aerosol_particles_in_air";kg kg-1
1;aerosol;n2o;N2O?;no;AerChemMIP,DAMIP;mon;"N2O volume mixing ratio";"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.   The chemical formula of  nitrous oxide is N2O.";mol mol-1
1;aerosol;nh50; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP;mon;"Fixed surface layer mixing ratio over 30o-50oN (100ppbv), uniform fixed 50-day exponential decay.";"Mole fraction is used in the construction ""mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y"", where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as ""nitrogen"" or a phrase such as ""nox_expressed_as_nitrogen"". ""Artificial tracer"" means a passive atmospheric tracer that is used to study atmospheric transport and deposition. To specify the length of the tracer lifetime in the atmosphere, a scalar coordinate variable with the standard name of tracer_lifetime should be used.";mol mol-1
1;aerosol;no; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP;mon;"NO volume mixing ratio";"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.";mol mol-1
1;aerosol;no2; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP;mon;"NO2 volume mixing ratio";"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.";mol mol-1
1;aerosol;noy; ;no;AerChemMIP;mon;"Total reactive nitrogen volume mixing ratio";"Total family (the sum of all appropriate species in the model); list the species in the netCDF header, e.g. NOy = N + NO + NO2 + NO3 + HNO3 + 2N2O5 + HNO4 + ClONO2 + BrONO2 Definition: Total reactive nitrogen; usually includes atomic nitrogen (N), nitric oxide (NO), NO2, nitrogen trioxide (NO3), dinitrogen radical (N2O5), nitric acid (HNO3), peroxynitric acid (HNO4), BrONO2, ClONO2 add comment attribute with detailed description about how the model calculates these fields";mol mol-1
1;aerosol;o3; ;no;AerChemMIP,DAMIP;mon;"Ozone volume mixing ratio";"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.";mol mol-1
1;aerosol;o3loss; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP;mon;"O3 destruction rate";"ONLY provide the sum of the following reactions: (i) O(1D)+H2O; (ii) O3+HO2; (iii) O3+OH; (iv) O3+alkenes (isoprene, ethene,...)";mol m-3 s-1
1;aerosol;o3prod; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP;mon;"O3 production rate";"ONLY provide the sum of all the HO2/RO2 + NO reactions (as k*[HO2]*[NO])";mol m-3 s-1
1;aerosol;o3ste; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP;mon;"Ozone volume mixing ratio";"Ozone tracer intended to map out strat-trop exchange (STE) of ozone.";mol mol-1
1;aerosol;od440aer; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP,RFMIP;mon;"ambient aerosol optical thickness at 440 nm";"AOD from the ambient aerosols (i.e., includes aerosol water).  Does not include AOD from stratospheric aerosols if these are prescribed but includes other possible background aerosol types. Needs a comment attribute ""wavelength: 440 nm""";1
1;aerosol;od550aer;TAUE550;partly;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,PMIP,RFMIP;day,mon;"ambient aerosol optical thickness at 550 nm";"AOD from the ambient aerosols (i.e., includes aerosol water).  Does not include AOD from stratospheric aerosols if these are prescribed but includes other possible background aerosol types. Needs a comment attribute ""wavelength: 550 nm""";1
1;aerosol;od550aerh2o; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP,RFMIP;mon;"aerosol water aod at 550nm";"proposed name: atmosphere_optical_thickness_due_to_water_ambient_aerosol";1
1;aerosol;od550bb; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP,RFMIP;mon;"Aerosol Optical Depth at 550nm due to Biomass Burning";"total organic aerosol AOD due to biomass burning (excluding so4, nitrate BB components)";1
1;aerosol;od550bc; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP,RFMIP;mon;"black carbon aod at 550nm";"The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. The optical thickness is the integral along the path of radiation of a volume scattering/absorption/attenuation coefficient. The radiative flux is reduced by a factor exp(-optical_thickness) on traversing the path. The atmosphere optical thickness applies to radiation passing through the entire atmosphere. ""Aerosol"" means the suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets).  ""Ambient aerosol"" is aerosol that has taken up ambient water through hygroscopic growth.  The extent of hygroscopic growth depends on the relative humidity and the composition of the aerosol.  Black carbon aerosol is composed of elemental carbon.  It is strongly light absorbing.";1
1;aerosol;od550csaer; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"ambient aerosol optical thickness at 550 nm";"AOD from the ambient aerosols in clear skies if od550aer is for all-sky (i.e., includes aerosol water).  Does not include AOD from stratospheric aerosols if these are prescribed but includes other possible background aerosol types. Needs a comment attribute ""wavelength: 550 nm""";1
1;aerosol;od550dust; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP,PMIP,RFMIP;mon;"Dust Optical Depth at 550nm";"alias::atmosphere_optical_thickness_due_to_dust_ambient_aerosol";1
1;aerosol;od550lt1aer; ; ;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,RFMIP;mon;"Ambient Fine Aerosol Optical Depth at 550 nm";"od550 due to particles with wet diameter less than 1 um  (ambient here means wetted). When models do not include explicit size information, it can be assumed that all anthropogenic aerosols and natural secondary aerosols have diameter less than 1 um.";1
1;aerosol;od550no3; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP,RFMIP;mon;"Nitrate Aerosol OPtical Depth at 550nm";"proposed name: atmosphere_optical_thickness_due_to_nitrate_ambient_aerosol";1
1;aerosol;od550oa; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP,RFMIP;mon;"Total Organic Aerosol Optical Depth at 550nm";"alias::atmosphere_optical_thickness_due_to_particulate_organic_matter_ambient_aerosol";1
1;aerosol;od550so4; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP,PMIP,RFMIP;mon;"Sulfate Aerosol Optical Depth at 550nm";"proposed name: atmosphere_optical_thickness_due_to_sulfate_ambient_aerosol";1
1;aerosol;od550soa; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP,RFMIP;mon;"Particulate Organic Aersol Optical Depth at 550nm";"total organic aerosol AOD due to secondary aerosol formation";1
1;aerosol;od550ss; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP,RFMIP;mon;"Sea Salt Aersol Optical Depth at 550nm";"alias::atmosphere_optical_thickness_due_to_seasalt_ambient_aerosol";1
1;aerosol;od870aer; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"Ambient Aerosol Optical Depth at 870 nm";"AOD from the ambient aerosols (i.e., includes aerosol water).  Does not include AOD from stratospheric aerosols if these are prescribed but includes other possible background aerosol types. Needs a comment attribute ""wavelength: 870 nm""";1
1;aerosol;oh; ;no;AerChemMIP,DAMIP;mon;"OH volume mixing ratio";"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.";mol mol-1
1;aerosol;pan; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP;mon;"PAN volume mixing ratio";"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.";mol mol-1
1;aerosol;pfull; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,PMIP;mon;"Pressure on Model Levels";"Air pressure on model levels";Pa
1;aerosol;phalf; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,PMIP;mon;"Pressure on Model Half-Levels";"Air pressure on model half-levels";Pa
1;aerosol;photo1d; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP;mon;"Photolysis Rate of Ozone (O3) to Excited Atomic Oxygen (singlet D: O1d)";"proposed name: photolysis_rate_of_ozone_to_O1D";s-1
1;aerosol;pod0; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"Phytotoxic ozone dose";"Accumulated stomatal ozone flux over the threshold of 0 mol m-2 s-1; Computation: Time Integral of (hourly above canopy ozone concentration * stomatal conductance * Rc/(Rb+Rc) )";mol m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;ptp; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"Tropopause Air Pressure";"2D monthly mean thermal tropopause calculated using WMO tropopause definition on 3d temperature";Pa
1;aerosol;reffclwtop; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"cloud-top effective droplet radius";"Droplets are liquid only.  This is the effective radius as seen from space over liquid cloudy portion of grid cell. This is the value from uppermost model layer with liquid cloud or, if available, or for some models it is the sum over all liquid cloud tops, no matter where they occur, as long as they are seen from the top of the atmosphere.TOA) each time sample when computing monthly mean. Reported values are weighted by total liquid cloud top fraction of  (as seen from";m
1;aerosol;rlutaf; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"TOA Outgoing Aerosol-Free Longwave Radiation";"Flux corresponding to rlut resulting from aerosol-free call to radiation, following Ghan (ACP, 2013)";W m-2
1;aerosol;rlutcsaf; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"TOA Outgoing Clear-Sky, Aerosol-Free Longwave Radiation";"Flux corresponding to rlutcs resulting from aerosol-free call to radiation, following Ghan (ACP, 2013)";W m-2
1;aerosol;rsdcsaf; ;no;RFMIP;3hrPt;"Downwelling Clear-Sky, Aerosol-Free Shortwave Radiation";"Calculated in the absence of aerosols and clouds (following Ghan). This requires a double-call in the radiation code with precisely the same meteorology.";W m-2
1;aerosol;rsdcsafbnd; ;no;RFMIP;3hrPt;"Downwelling Clear-Sky, Aerosol-Free, Shortwave Radiation in Bands";"Calculated in the absence of aerosols and clouds (following Ghan). This requires a double-call in the radiation code with precisely the same meteorology.";W m-2
1;aerosol;rsdscsaf; ;no;RFMIP;3hrPt;"Surface Downwelling Clear-Sky, Aerosol-Free Shortwave Radiation";"Calculated in the absence of aerosols and clouds.";W m-2
1;aerosol;rsdscsafbnd; ;no;RFMIP;3hrPt;"Surface Downwelling Clear-Sky, Aerosol-Free Shortwave Radiation in Bands";"Calculated in the absence of aerosols and clouds, following Ghan (2013, ACP). This requires a double-call in the radiation code with precisely the same meteorology.";W m-2
1;aerosol;rsucsaf; ;no;RFMIP;3hrPt;"Upwelling Clear-Sky, Aerosol-Free Shortwave Radiation";"Calculated in the absence of aerosols and clouds (following Ghan). This requires a double-call in the radiation code with precisely the same meteorology.";W m-2
1;aerosol;rsucsafbnd; ;no;RFMIP;3hrPt;"Upwelling Clear-Sky, Aerosol-Free Shortwave Radiation in Bands";"Calculated in the absence of aerosols and clouds (following Ghan). This requires a double-call in the radiation code with precisely the same meteorology.";W m-2
1;aerosol;rsuscsaf; ;no;RFMIP;3hrPt;"Surface Upwelling Clean Clear-Sky Shortwave Radiation";"Surface Upwelling Clear-sky, Aerosol Free Shortwave Radiation";W m-2
1;aerosol;rsuscsafbnd; ;no;RFMIP;3hrPt;"Surface Upwelling Clear-Sky, Aerosol-Free Shortwave Radiation in Bands";"Calculated in the absence of aerosols and clouds, following Ghan (ACP, 2013). This requires a double-call in the radiation code with precisely the same meteorology.";W m-2
1;aerosol;rsutaf; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"TOA Outgoing Aerosol-Free Shortwave Radiation";"Flux corresponding to rsut resulting from aerosol-free call to radiation, following Ghan (ACP, 2013)";W m-2
1;aerosol;rsutcsaf; ;no;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,RFMIP;3hrPt,mon;"TOA Outgoing Clear-Sky, Aerosol-Free Shortwave Radiation";"Flux corresponding to rsutcs resulting from aerosol-free call to radiation, following Ghan (ACP, 2013)";W m-2
1;aerosol;sedustCI; ; ;PMIP;mon;"Sedimentation Flux of dust mode coarse insoluble";"Balkanski - LSCE";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;sfno2; ;no;AerChemMIP;1hr;"NO2 volume mixing ratio in lowest model layer";"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.";mol mol-1
1;aerosol;sfo3; ;no;AerChemMIP;1hr;"O3 volume mixing ratio in lowest model layer";"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.";mol mol-1
1;aerosol;sfo3max; ;no;AerChemMIP;day;"Daily maximum O3 volume mixing ratio in lowest model layer";"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.";mol mol-1
1;aerosol;sfpm25; ; ;AerChemMIP;1hr;"PM2.5 mass mixing ratio in lowest model layer";"Mass fraction is used in the construction mass_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. It means the ratio of the mass of X to the mass of Y (including X). A chemical species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as ""nitrogen"" or a phrase such as ""nox_expressed_as_nitrogen"". ""Aerosol"" means the system of suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets) and their carrier gas, the air itself. ""Ambient_aerosol"" means that the aerosol is measured or modelled at the ambient state of pressure, temperature and relative humidity that exists in its immediate environment. ""Ambient aerosol particles"" are aerosol particles that have taken up ambient water through hygroscopic growth. The extent of hygroscopic growth depends on the relative humidity and the composition of the particles. ""Pm2p5 aerosol"" means atmospheric particulate compounds with an aerodynamic diameter of less than or equal to 2.5 micrometers. To specify the relative humidity and temperature at which the particle size applies, provide scalar coordinate variables with the standard names of ""relative_humidity"" and ""air_temperature"".";kg kg-1
1;aerosol;so2; ; ;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP;mon;"SO2 volume mixing ratio";"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.";mol mol-1
1;aerosol;ta; ; ;AerChemMIP,DCPP,DynVar,VolMIP;mon;"Air Temperature";"Air Temperature";K
1;aerosol;tatp; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"Tropopause Air Temperature";"2D monthly mean thermal tropopause calculated using WMO tropopause definition on 3d temperature";K
1;aerosol;tntrl; ;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,DynVar,HighResMIP,PMIP,VolMIP;mon,subhrPt;"tendency_of_air_temperature_due_to_longwave_heating";"Tendency of air temperature due to longwave radiative heating";K s-1
1;aerosol;tntrs; ;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,DynVar,HighResMIP,VolMIP;mon,subhrPt;"tendency_of_air_temperature_due_to_shortwave_heating";"Tendency of air temperature due to shortwave radiative heating";K s-1
1;aerosol;toz; ;no;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP;day,mon;"Total Ozone Column";"Total ozone column calculated at 0 degrees C and 1 bar, such that 1m = 1e5 DU.";m
1;aerosol;tropoz; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"Tropospheric Ozone Column";"Tropospheric ozone column, should be consistent with definition of tropopause used to calculate the pressure of the tropopause (ptp). Calculated at 0 degrees C and 1 bar, such that 1m = 1e5 DU.";m
1;aerosol;ttop; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"air temperature at cloud top";"cloud_top refers to the top of the highest cloud. Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature.";K
1;aerosol;ua; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,DynVar,HighResMIP,VolMIP;mon;"Eastward Wind";"""Eastward"" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.)";m s-1
1;aerosol;ua10;U010;no;AerChemMIP;day;"Eastward Wind at 10hPa";"Zonal wind on the 10 hPa surface";m s-1
1;aerosol;va; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"Northward Wind";"""Northward"" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.)";m s-1
1;aerosol;vt100; ; ;AerChemMIP;mon;"Northward Heat Flux due to Eddies";"Zonally averaged meridional heat flux at 100 hPa as monthly means derived from daily (or higher frequency) fields.";W m-2
1;aerosol;wa; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP;mon;"Upward Air Velocity";"A velocity is a vector quantity. ""Upward"" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). Upward air velocity is the vertical component of the 3D air velocity vector. The standard name downward_air_velocity may be used for a vector component with the opposite sign convention.";m s-1
1;aerosol;wetbc; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"wet deposition rate of black carbon aerosol mass";"""tendency_of_X"" means derivative of X with respect to time. ""Content"" indicates a quantity per unit area. The ""atmosphere content"" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface to the top of the atmosphere. For the content between specified levels in the atmosphere, standard names including ""content_of_atmosphere_layer"" are used. The mass is the total mass of the particles. ""Aerosol"" means the system of suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets) and their carrier gas, the air itself. Aerosol takes up ambient water (a process known as hygroscopic growth) depending on the relative humidity and the composition of the aerosol. ""Dry aerosol particles"" means aerosol particles without any water uptake. The specification of a physical process by the phrase ""due_to_"" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. ""Wet deposition"" means deposition by precipitation. Chemically, ""elemental carbon"" is the carbonaceous fraction of particulate matter that is thermally stable in an inert atmosphere to high temperatures near 4000K and can only be gasified by oxidation starting at temperatures above 340 C. It is assumed to be inert and non-volatile under atmospheric conditions and insoluble in any solvent (Ogren and Charlson, 1983).";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;wetdust; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,PMIP;mon;"wet deposition rate of dust";"""Content"" indicates a quantity per unit area. The ""atmosphere content"" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface to the top of the atmosphere. For the content between specified levels in the atmosphere, standard names including ""content_of_atmosphere_layer"" are used. The mass is the total mass of the particles. ""Aerosol"" means the system of suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets) and their carrier gas, the air itself. Aerosol particles take up ambient water (a process known as hygroscopic growth) depending on the relative humidity and the composition of the particles. ""Dry aerosol particles"" means aerosol particles without any water uptake. ""Wet deposition"" means deposition by precipitation. ""tendency_of_X"" means derivative of X with respect to time.";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;wetnh3; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"wet deposition rate of nh3";"""tendency_of_X"" means derivative of X with respect to time.  ""Content"" indicates a quantity per unit area.  ""Wet deposition"" means deposition by precipitation.";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;wetnh4; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"wet deposition rate of nh4";"""Content"" indicates a quantity per unit area. The ""atmosphere content"" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface to the top of the atmosphere. For the content between specified levels in the atmosphere, standard names including content_of_atmosphere_layer are used. The mass is the total mass of the particles.  ""Aerosol"" means the system of suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets) and their carrier gas, the air itself. Aerosol particles take up ambient water (a process known as hygroscopic growth) depending on the relative humidity and the composition of the particles. ""Dry aerosol particles"" means aerosol particles without any water uptake. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. ""Wet deposition"" means deposition by precipitation. ""tendency_of_X"" means derivative of X with respect to time. The chemical formula for ammonium is NH4.";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;wetnoy; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"wet deposition of noy incl aerosol nitrate";"NOy is the sum of all simulated oxidized nitrogen species, out of NO, NO2, HNO3, HNO4, NO3aerosol, NO3(radical), N2O5, PAN, other organic nitrates.";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;wetoa; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"wet deposition rate of dry aerosol total organic matter";"tendency of atmosphere mass content of organic matter dry aerosols due to wet deposition: This is the sum of wet deposition of POA and wet deposition of SOA (see next two entries). Mass here refers to the mass of organic matter, not mass of organic carbon alone. We recommend a scale factor of POM=1.4*OC, unless your model has more detailed info available. Was called wet_pom in old ACCMIP Excel spreadsheet.";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;wetso2; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"wet deposition rate of so2";"""tendency_of_X"" means derivative of X with respect to time.  ""Content"" indicates a quantity per unit area.  ""Wet deposition"" means deposition by precipitation.";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;wetso4; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"wet deposition rate of so4";"proposed name: tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_sulfate_dry_aerosol_due_to_wet_deposition";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;wetss; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"wet deposition rate of seasalt";"alias::tendency_of_atmosphere_mass_content_of_seasalt_dry_aerosol_particles_due_to_wet_deposition";kg m-2 s-1
1;aerosol;zg10; ;no;AerChemMIP;day;"Geopotential Height at 10 hPa";"Geopotential height on the 10 hPa surface";m
1;aerosol;zg100;Z100;no;AerChemMIP;day;"Geopotential Height at 100 hPa";"Geopotential height on the 100 hPa surface";m
1;aerosol;zg500;Z500 ;no;AerChemMIP,CMIP,DCPP,HighResMIP,PMIP,VolMIP;6hrPt,day;"Geopotential Height at 500 hPa";"geopotential height on the 500 hPa surface";m
1;aerosol;ztp; ; ;AerChemMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"Tropopause Altitude above Geoid";"2D monthly mean thermal tropopause calculated using WMO tropopause definition on 3d temperature";m
1;atmos;H2p; ; ;PMIP;mon;"2H in total precipitation";"Roche - LSCE";
1;atmos;H2s; ; ;PMIP;mon;"2H in solid precipitation";"Roche - LSCE";
1;atmos;H2wv; ; ;PMIP;mon;"H2 in water vapor";"Roche - LSCE";
1;atmos;O17p; ; ;PMIP;mon;"17O in total precipitation";"Roche - LSCE";
1;atmos;O17s; ; ;PMIP;mon;"17O in solid precipitation";"Roche - LSCE";
1;atmos;O17wv; ; ;PMIP;mon;"O17 in water vapor";"Roche - LSCE";
1;atmos;O18p; ; ;PMIP;mon;"18O in total precipitation";"Roche - LSCE";
1;atmos;O18s; ; ;PMIP;mon;"18O in solid precipitation";"Roche - LSCE";
1;atmos;O18wv; ; ;PMIP;mon;"O18 in water vapor";"Roche - LSCE";
1;atmos;aerasymbnd; ;no;RFMIP;3hrPt;"Aerosol level asymmetry parameter for each band";"";1
1;atmos;aeroptbnd; ;no;RFMIP;3hrPt;"Aerosol level absorption optical thickness for each band";"The optical thickness is the integral along the path of radiation of a volume scattering/absorption/attenuation coefficient. The radiative flux is reduced by a factor exp(-optical_thickness) on traversing the path. A coordinate variable of radiation_wavelength or radiation_frequency can be specified to indicate that the optical thickness applies at specific wavelengths or frequencies. ""Absorption optical thickness"" means that part of the atmosphere optical thickness that is caused by the absorption of incident radiation. ""Aerosol"" means the system of suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets) and their carrier gas, the air itself. ""Ambient_aerosol"" means that the aerosol is measured or modelled at the ambient state of pressure, temperature and relative humidity that exists in its immediate environment. ""Ambient aerosol particles"" are aerosol particles that have taken up ambient water through hygroscopic growth. The extent of hygroscopic growth depends on the relative humidity and the composition of the particles. To specify the relative humidity and temperature at which the quantity described by the standard name applies, provide scalar coordinate variables with standard names of ""relative_humidity"" and ""air_temperature"". The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase.";1
1;atmos;aerssabnd; ;no;RFMIP;3hrPt;"Aerosol level single-scattering albedo for each band";"""Single scattering albedo"" is the fraction of radiation in an incident light beam scattered by the particles of an aerosol reference volume for a given wavelength. It is the ratio of the scattering and the extinction coefficients of the aerosol particles in the reference volume. A coordinate variable with a standard name of radiation_wavelength or radiation_frequency should be included to specify either the wavelength or frequency. ""Aerosol"" means the system of suspended liquid or solid particles in air (except cloud droplets) and their carrier gas, the air itself. ""Ambient_aerosol"" means that the aerosol is measured or modelled at the ambient state of pressure, temperature and relative humidity that exists in its immediate environment. ""Ambient aerosol particles"" are aerosol particles that have taken up ambient water through hygroscopic growth. The extent of hygroscopic growth depends on the relative humidity and the composition of the particles. To specify the relative humidity and temperature at which the quantity described by the standard name applies, provide scalar coordinate variables with standard names of ""relative_humidity"" and ""air_temperature"". The specification of a physical process by the phrase ""due_to_"" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase.";1
1;atmos;albdiffbnd; ;no;RFMIP;3hrPt;"Diffuse surface albedo for each band";"";1
1;atmos;albdirbnd; ;no;RFMIP;3hrPt;"Direct surface albedo for each band";"";1
1;atmos;albisccp; ;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP,RFMIP;day,mon;"ISCCP Mean Cloud Albedo";"ISCCP Mean Cloud Albedo. Time-means are weighted by the ISCCP Total Cloud Fraction {:cltisccp} - see  http://cfmip.metoffice.com/COSP.html";1
1;atmos;aod550volso4; ; ;VolMIP;day;"Aerosol optical depth at 550 nm due to stratospheric volcanic aerosols";"aerosol optical depth at 550 nm due to stratospheric volcanic aerosols";1e-09
1;atmos;areacella;area;yes;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DCPP,LS3MIP,PMIP;fx;"Grid-Cell Area for Atmospheric Grid Variables";"For atmospheres with more than 1 mesh (e.g., staggered grids), report areas that apply to surface vertical fluxes of energy.";m2
1;atmos;ccb;PCONVB;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,RFMIP,VolMIP;day,mon,subhrPt;"Air Pressure at Convective Cloud Base";"Where convective cloud is present in the grid cell, the instantaneous cloud base altitude should be that of the bottom of the lowest level containing convective cloud. Missing data should be reported in the absence of convective cloud. The time mean should be calculated from these quantities averaging over occasions when convective cloud is present only, and should contain missing data for occasions when no convective cloud is present during the meaning period.";Pa
1;atmos;ccldncl; ; ;CFMIP;day;"Cloud Droplet Number Concentration of Convective Cloud Tops";"Droplets are liquid only.  Report concentration 'as seen from space' over convective liquid cloudy portion of grid cell.  This is the value from uppermost model layer with liquid cloud or, if available, it is better to sum over all liquid cloud tops, no matter where they occur, as long as they are seen from the top of the atmosphere. Weight by total liquid cloud top fraction of  (as seen from TOA) each time sample when computing monthly mean.";m-3
1;atmos;cct;PCONVT;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,RFMIP,VolMIP;day,mon,subhrPt;"Air Pressure at Convective Cloud Top";"Where convective cloud is present in the grid cell, the instantaneous cloud top altitude should be that of the top of the highest level containing convective cloud. Missing data should be reported in the absence of convective cloud. The time mean should be calculated from these quantities averaging over occasions when convective cloud is present only, and should contain missing data for occasions when no convective cloud is present during the meaning period.";Pa
1;atmos;cfadDbze94; ;no;CFMIP;3hrPt,mon;"CloudSat Radar Reflectivity CFAD";"CFAD (Cloud Frequency Altitude Diagrams) are frequency distributions of radar  reflectivity (or lidar scattering ratio) as a function of altitude. The variable cfadDbze94 is defined as the simulated relative frequency of occurrence of radar reflectivity in sampling volumes defined by altitude bins. The radar is observing at a frequency of 94GHz.";1
1;atmos;cfadLidarsr532; ;no;CFMIP;3hrPt,mon;"CALIPSO Scattering Ratio CFAD";"CFAD (Cloud Frequency Altitude Diagrams) are frequency distributions of radar  reflectivity (or lidar scattering ratio) as a function of altitude. The variable cfadLidarsr532 is defined as the simulated relative frequency of lidar scattering ratio in sampling volumes defined by altitude bins. The lidar is observing at a wavelength of 532nm.";1
1;atmos;ch4;CH4;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VolMIP;3hrPt,mon,monC;"CH4 volume mixing ratio";"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.";mol mol-1
1;atmos;ch4global;ch4vmr;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VolMIP;mon,monC;"Global Mean Mole Fraction of CH4";"Global Mean Mole Fraction of CH4";1e-09
1;atmos;ci;FREQZM;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;3hrPt,mon,subhrPt;"Fraction of Time Convection Occurs in Cell";"Fraction of time that convection occurs in the grid cell.";1
1;atmos;cl;CLOUD;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;day,mon,subhrPt;"Percentage Cloud Cover";"Percentage cloud cover, including both large-scale and convective cloud.";%
1;atmos;clcalipso; ;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP,RFMIP;3hrPt,day,mon;"CALIPSO Percentage Cloud Cover";"Percentage cloud cover at CALIPSO standard heights.";%
1;atmos;clcalipso2; ;no;CFMIP;3hrPt;"CALIPSO Cloud Cover Percentage Undetected by CloudSat (as percentage of area covered)";"Clouds detected by CALIPSO but below the detectability threshold of CloudSat";%
1;atmos;clcalipsoice; ; ;CFMIP;mon;"CALIPSO ice cloud Fraction";"""Layer"" means any layer with upper and lower boundaries that have constant values in some vertical coordinate. There must be a vertical coordinate variable indicating the extent of the layer(s). If the layers are model layers, the vertical coordinate can be ""model_level_number"", but it is recommended to specify a physical coordinate (in a scalar or auxiliary coordinate variable) as well. ""X_area_fraction"" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. Cloud area fraction is also called ""cloud amount"" and ""cloud cover"".";%
1;atmos;clcalipsoliq; ; ;CFMIP;mon;"CALIPSO liquid cloud Fraction";"""Layer"" means any layer with upper and lower boundaries that have constant values in some vertical coordinate. There must be a vertical coordinate variable indicating the extent of the layer(s). If the layers are model layers, the vertical coordinate can be ""model_level_number"", but it is recommended to specify a physical coordinate (in a scalar or auxiliary coordinate variable) as well. ""X_area_fraction"" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. Cloud area fraction is also called ""cloud amount"" and ""cloud cover"". The chemical formula for water is H2O.";%
1;atmos;cldnci; ; ;CFMIP,GeoMIP;day,mon;"Ice Crystal Number Concentration of Cloud Tops";"Concentration 'as seen from space' over ice-cloud portion of grid cell.  This is the value from uppermost model layer with ice cloud or, if available, it is the sum over all ice cloud tops, no matter where they occur, as long as they are seen from the top of the atmosphere. Weight by total ice cloud top fraction (as seen from TOA) of each time sample when computing monthly mean.";m-3
1;atmos;cldncl; ; ;GeoMIP;mon;"Cloud Droplet Number Concentration of Cloud Tops";"Droplets are liquid only.  Report concentration 'as seen from space' over liquid cloudy portion of grid cell.  This is the value from uppermost model layer with liquid cloud or, if available, it is better to sum over all liquid cloud tops, no matter where they occur, as long as they are seen from the top of the atmosphere. Weight by total liquid cloud top fraction of  (as seen from TOA) each time sample when computing monthly mean.";m-3
1;atmos;cldnvi; ; ;CFMIP,GeoMIP;day,mon;"Column Integrated Cloud Droplet Number";"Droplets are liquid only.  Values are weighted by liquid cloud fraction in each layer when vertically integrating, and for monthly means the samples are weighted by total liquid cloud fraction (as seen from TOA).";m-2
1;atmos;clhcalipso; ;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP,RFMIP;3hrPt,day,mon;"CALIPSO High Level Cloud Area Percentage";"Percentage cloud cover in layer centred on 220hPa";%
1;atmos;cli;CLDICE;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;day,mon,subhrPt;"Mass Fraction of Cloud Ice";"Includes both large-scale and convective cloud. This is calculated as the mass of cloud ice in the grid cell divided by the mass of air (including the water in all phases) in the grid cell. It includes precipitating hydrometeors ONLY if the precipitating hydrometeors affect the calculation of radiative transfer in model.";kg kg-1
1;atmos;climodis; ; ;CFMIP;mon;"MODIS Ice Cloud Area Percentage";"""X_area_fraction"" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. Cloud area fraction is also called ""cloud amount"" and ""cloud cover"". The cloud area fraction is for the whole atmosphere column, as seen from the surface or the top of the atmosphere. The cloud area fraction in a layer of the atmosphere has the standard name cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer.";%
1;atmos;clisccp; ;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP,PMIP,RFMIP;3hrPt,day,mon;"ISCCP Cloud Area Fraction";"Percentage cloud cover in optical depth categories.";%
1;atmos;clivi;TGCLDIWP;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VolMIP;3hr,3hrPt,day,mon,subhrPt;"Ice Water Path";"mass of ice water in the column divided by the area of the column (not just the area of the cloudy portion of the column). Includes precipitating frozen hydrometeors ONLY if the precipitating hydrometeor affects the calculation of radiative transfer in model.";kg m-2
1;atmos;clivic; ;no;CFMIP;day;"Convective Ice Water Path";"calculate mass of convective ice water in the column divided by the area of the column (not just the area of the cloudy portion of the column). This includes precipitating frozen hydrometeors ONLY if the precipitating hydrometeors affect the calculation of radiative transfer in model.";kg m-2
1;atmos;cllcalipso; ;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP,RFMIP;3hrPt,day,mon;"CALIPSO Low Level Cloud Cover Percentage";"Percentage cloud cover in layer centred on 840hPa";%
1;atmos;clmcalipso; ;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP,RFMIP;3hrPt,day,mon;"CALIPSO Mid Level Cloud Percentage";"Percentage cloud cover in layer centred on 560hPa";%
1;atmos;clmisr; ;no;CFMIP;3hrPt,mon;"Percentage Cloud Cover as Calculated by the MISR Simulator (including error flag)";"Cloud percentage in spectral bands and layers as observed by the Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) instrument. The first layer in each profile is reserved for a retrieval error flag.";%
1;atmos;clt;CLDTOT;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,CORDEX,DAMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;3hr,3hrPt,day,mon,subhrPt;"Total Cloud Cover Percentage";"Total cloud area fraction for the whole atmospheric column, as seen from the surface or the top of the atmosphere. Includes both large-scale and convective cloud.";%
1;atmos;cltc; ;no;CFMIP;3hrPt;"Convective Cloud Cover Percentage";"Convective cloud area fraction for the whole atmospheric column, as seen from the surface or the top of the atmosphere. Includes only convective cloud.";%
1;atmos;cltcalipso; ;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP,RFMIP;3hrPt,day,mon;"CALIPSO Total Cloud Cover Percentage";"""X_area_fraction"" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. ""X_area"" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell. Cloud area fraction is also called ""cloud amount"" and ""cloud cover"". The cloud area fraction is for the whole atmosphere column, as seen from the surface or the top of the atmosphere. The cloud area fraction in a layer of the atmosphere has the standard name cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer.";%
1;atmos;cltisccp; ;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP,PMIP,RFMIP;day,mon;"ISCCP Total Cloud Cover Percentage";"Percentage total cloud cover, simulating ISCCP observations.";%
1;atmos;cltmodis; ; ;CFMIP;mon;"MODIS Total Cloud Cover Percentage";"""X_area_fraction"" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. ""X_area"" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell. Cloud area fraction is also called ""cloud amount"" and ""cloud cover"". The cloud area fraction is for the whole atmosphere column, as seen from the surface or the top of the atmosphere. The cloud area fraction in a layer of the atmosphere has the standard name cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer.";%
1;atmos;clw;CLDLIQ;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;day,mon,subhrPt;"Mass Fraction of Cloud Liquid Water";"Includes both large-scale and convective cloud. Calculate as the mass of cloud liquid water in the grid cell divided by the mass of air (including the water in all phases) in the grid cells. Precipitating hydrometeors are included ONLY if the precipitating hydrometeors affect the calculation of radiative transfer in model.";kg kg-1
1;atmos;clwmodis; ; ;CFMIP;mon;"MODIS Liquid Cloud Fraction";"""X_area_fraction"" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. Cloud area fraction is also called ""cloud amount"" and ""cloud cover"". The cloud area fraction is for the whole atmosphere column, as seen from the surface or the top of the atmosphere. The cloud area fraction in a layer of the atmosphere has the standard name cloud_area_fraction_in_atmosphere_layer. The chemical formula for water is H2O.";%
1;atmos;clwvi;TGCLDLWP+TGCLDIWP;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VolMIP;3hr,3hrPt,day,mon,subhrPt;"Condensed Water Path";"Mass of condensed (liquid + ice) water in the column divided by the area of the column (not just the area of the cloudy portion of the column). Includes precipitating hydrometeors ONLY if the precipitating hydrometeors affect the calculation of radiative transfer in model.";kg m-2
1;atmos;clwvic; ;no;CFMIP,HighResMIP;day,mon;"Convective Condensed Water Path";"calculate mass of convective condensed (liquid + ice) water in the column divided by the area of the column (not just the area of the cloudy portion of the column). This includes precipitating hydrometeors ONLY if the precipitating hydrometeors affect the calculation of radiative transfer in model.";kg m-2
1;atmos;co2;CO2;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VolMIP;3hrPt,mon,monC;"CO2 volume mixing ratio";"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.";mol mol-1
1;atmos;co2mass;co2vmr;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VolMIP;mon,monC;"Total Atmospheric Mass of CO2";"Total atmospheric mass of Carbon Dioxide";kg
1;atmos;conccmcn; ; ;GeoMIP;mon;"Number Concentration Coarse Mode Aerosol";"includes all particles with diameter larger than 1 micron";m-3
1;atmos;conccn; ; ;GeoMIP;mon;"Aerosol Number Concentration";"alias::number_concentration_of_ambient_aerosol_in_air";m-3
1;atmos;concdust; ; ;PMIP;mon;"Concentration of Dust";"alias::mass_concentration_of_dust_dry_aerosol_in_air";kg m-3
1;atmos;concnmcn; ; ;GeoMIP;mon;"Number Concentration of Nucleation Mode Aerosol";"includes all particles with diameter smaller than 3 nm";m-3
1;atmos;diabdrag; ; ;DAMIP;mon;"Tendency of Eastward Wind from Numerical Artefacts";"Other sub-grid scale/numerical zonal drag excluding that already provided for the parameterized orographic and non-orographic gravity waves. This would be used to calculate the total 'diabatic drag'. Contributions to this additional drag such Rayleigh friction and diffusion that can be calculated from the monthly mean wind fields should not be included, but details (e.g. coefficients) of the friction and/or diffusion used in the model should be provided separately.";m s-2
1;atmos;edt; ;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP;mon,subhrPt;"Eddy Diffusivity Coefficient for Temperature Variable";"Vertical diffusion coefficient for temperature due to parametrised eddies";m2 s-1
1;atmos;epfy; ;no;DAMIP,DCPP,DynVar,HighResMIP,VolMIP;day,mon;"Northward Component of the Eliassen-Palm Flux";"Transformed Eulerian Mean Diagnostics Meridional component Fy of Eliassen-Palm (EP) flux (Fy, Fz) derived from 6hr or higher frequency fields (use daily fields or 12 hr fields if the 6 hr are not available). Please use the definitions given by equation 3.5.3a of Andrews, Holton and Leovy text book, but scaled by density to have units m3 s-2.";m3 s-2
1;atmos;epfz; ;no;DAMIP,DCPP,DynVar,HighResMIP,VolMIP;day,mon;"Upward Component of the Eliassen-Palm Flux";"Transformed Eulerian Mean Diagnostics Meridional component Fz of the Eliassen-Palm (EP) flux (Fy, Fz) derived from 6hr or higher frequency fields (use daily fields or 12 hr fields if the 6 hr are not available). Please use the definitions given by equation 3.5.3b of Andrews, Holton and Leovy text book, but scaled by density to have units m3 s-2.";m3 s-2
1;atmos;evspsbl;QFLX;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;3hrPt,mon,subhrPt;"Evaporation";"Evaporation at surface: flux of water into the atmosphere due to conversion of both liquid and solid phases to vapor (from underlying surface and vegetation)";kg m-2 s-1
1;atmos;evu; ;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP;mon,subhrPt;"Eddy Viscosity Coefficient for Momentum Variables";"Vertical diffusion coefficient for momentum due to parametrised eddies";m2 s-1
1;atmos;fco2antt; ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon,subhrPt;"Carbon Mass Flux into Atmosphere Due to All Anthropogenic Emissions of CO2";"This is requested only for the emission-driven coupled carbon climate model runs.  Does not include natural fire sources but, includes all anthropogenic sources, including fossil fuel use, cement production, agricultural burning, and sources associated with anthropogenic land use change excluding forest regrowth.";kg m-2 s-1
1;atmos;fco2fos; ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon,subhrPt;"Carbon Mass Flux into Atmosphere Due to Fossil Fuel Emissions of CO2";"This is the prescribed anthropogenic CO2 flux from fossil fuel use, including cement production, and flaring (but not from land-use changes, agricultural burning, forest regrowth, etc.)";kg m-2 s-1
1;atmos;fco2nat; ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon,subhrPt;"Surface Carbon Mass Flux into the Atmosphere Due to Natural Sources";"This is what the atmosphere sees (on its own grid).  This field should be equivalent to the combined natural fluxes of carbon  that account for natural exchanges between the atmosphere and land (nep) or ocean (fgco2) reservoirs.";kg m-2 s-1
1;atmos;flashrate; ; ;PMIP;mon;"Lightning Flash Rate";"proposed name: lightning_flash_rate (units to be interpreted as ""counts km-2 s-1)";km-2 s-1
1;atmos;hfdsl; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Downward Heat Flux at Land Surface";"The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. ""Downward"" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (negative upward). The vertical heat flux in air is the sum of all heat fluxes i.e. radiative, latent and sensible. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics.";W m-2
1;atmos;hfdsnb; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Downward heat flux at snow base";"Heat flux from snow into the ice or land under the snow.";W m-2
1;atmos;hfls;LHFLX;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;3hr,3hrPt,day,mon,subhrPt;"Surface Upward Latent Heat Flux";"The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. ""Upward"" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). The surface latent heat flux is the exchange of heat between the surface and the air on account of evaporation (including sublimation). In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics.";W m-2
1;atmos;hfmlt; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Energy of fusion";"Energy consumed or released during liquid/solid phase changes.";W m-2
1;atmos;hfrs; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Heat transferred to snowpack by rainfall";"Heat transferred to a snow cover by rain..";W m-2
1;atmos;hfsbl; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Energy of sublimation";"Energy consumed or released during vapor/solid phase changes.";W m-2
1;atmos;hfss;SHFLX;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;3hr,3hrPt,day,mon,subhrPt;"Surface Upward Sensible Heat Flux";"The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. ""Upward"" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). The surface sensible heat flux, also called ""turbulent"" heat flux, is the exchange of heat between the surface and the air by motion of air. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics. Unless indicated in the cell_methods attribute, a quantity is assumed to apply to the whole area of each horizontal grid box. Previously, the qualifier where_type was used to specify that the quantity applies only to the part of the grid box of the named type.  Names containing the where_type qualifier are deprecated and newly created data should use the cell_methods attribute to indicate the horizontal area to which the quantity applies.";W m-2
1;atmos;hur;RELHUM;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;day,mon,subhrPt;"Relative Humidity";"The relative humidity with respect to liquid water for T> 0 C, and with respect to ice for T<0 C.";%
1;atmos;hurs;RHREFHT;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,CORDEX,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;3hrPt,6hr,day,mon,subhrPt;"Near-Surface Relative Humidity";"The relative humidity with respect to liquid water for T> 0 C, and with respect to ice for T<0 C.";%
1;atmos;hursmax;RHREFHT;yes;CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,PMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;day;"Daily Maximum Near-Surface Relative Humidity";"";%
1;atmos;hursmin;RHREFHT;yes;CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,PMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;day;"Daily Minimum Near-Surface Relative Humidity";"";%
1;atmos;hursminCrop; ; ;VIACSAB;day,mon;"Daily Minimum Near-Surface Relative Humidity over Crop Tile";"minimum near-surface (usually, 2 meter) relative humidity (add cell_method attribute ""time: min"")";%
1;atmos;hus;Q;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,CORDEX,DAMIP,DCPP,DynVar,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;3hrPt,6hr,6hrPt,day,mon,subhrPt;"Specific Humidity";"""specific"" means per unit mass. Specific humidity is the mass fraction of water vapor in (moist) air.";1
1;atmos;hus850; ; ;PMIP;day;"Specific Humidity";"""specific"" means per unit mass. Specific humidity is the mass fraction of water vapor in (moist) air.";1
1;atmos;huss;QREFHT;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,CORDEX,DAMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;3hrPt,6hrPt,day,mon,subhrPt;"Near-Surface Specific Humidity";"Near-surface (usually, 2 meter) specific humidity.";1
1;atmos;intuadse; ; ;PMIP;mon;"Vertically Integrated Eastward Dry Statice Energy Transport";"Mass weighted vertical integral of the product of northward wind by dry static energy per unit mass: (cp.T +zg).u";1.e6 J m-1 s-1
1;atmos;intuaw; ; ;PMIP;mon;"Vertically integrated Eastward moisture transport (Mass_weighted_vertical integral of the product of eastward wind by total water mass per unit mass)";"Used in PMIP2";kg m-1 s-1
1;atmos;intvadse; ; ;PMIP;mon;"Vertically integrated Northward dry transport (cp.T +zg).v (Mass_weighted_vertical integral of the product of northward wind by dry static_energy per mass unit)";"Used in PMIP2";1.e6 J m-1 s-1
1;atmos;intvaw; ; ;PMIP;mon;"Vertically integrated Northward moisture transport (Mass_weighted_vertical integral of the product of northward wind by total water mass per unit mass)";"Used in PMIP2";kg m-1 s-1
1;atmos;jo2; ;no;DAMIP;mon;"Photolysis Rate of Molecular Oxygen";"Rate of photolysis of molecular oxygen to atomic oxygen (o2 -> o1d+o)";s-1
1;atmos;jo3; ;no;DAMIP;mon;"Photolysis Rate of Ozone (O3)";"sum of rates o3 -> o1d+o2 and o3 -> o+o2";s-1
1;atmos;jpdftaureicemodis; ;no;CFMIP;3hrPt,day,mon;"MODIS Optical Thickness-Particle Size joint  distribution, ice";"""Layer"" means any layer with upper and lower boundaries that have constant values in some vertical coordinate. There must be a vertical coordinate variable indicating the extent of the layer(s). If the layers are model layers, the vertical coordinate can be model_level_number, but it is recommended to specify a physical coordinate (in a scalar or auxiliary coordinate variable) as well. ""X_area_fraction"" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. ""X_area"" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell. Cloud area fraction is also called ""cloud amount"" and ""cloud cover"".";%
1;atmos;jpdftaureliqmodis; ;no;CFMIP;3hrPt,day,mon;"MODIS Optical Thickness-Particle Size joint  distribution, liquid";"""Layer"" means any layer with upper and lower boundaries that have constant values in some vertical coordinate. There must be a vertical coordinate variable indicating the extent of the layer(s). If the layers are model layers, the vertical coordinate can be model_level_number, but it is recommended to specify a physical coordinate (in a scalar or auxiliary coordinate variable) as well. ""X_area_fraction"" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. ""X_area"" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell. Cloud area fraction is also called ""cloud amount"" and ""cloud cover"".";%
1;atmos;lat; ; ;AerChemMIP,CFMIP;fx;"latitude";"Latitude is positive northward; its units of degree_north (or equivalent) indicate this explicitly. In a latitude-longitude system defined with respect to a rotated North Pole, the standard name of grid_latitude should be used instead of latitude. Grid latitude is positive in the grid-northward direction, but its units should be plain degree.";degrees_north
1;atmos;loadbc;BC_A+BC_AC+BC_AI+BC_AX+BC_N+BC_NI; ;CFMIP;day;"Load of Black Carbon Aerosol";"alias::atmosphere_mass_content_of_black_carbon_dry_aerosol";kg m-2
1;atmos;loaddust; ; ;CFMIP,PMIP;day,mon;"Load of Dust";"alias::atmosphere_mass_content_of_dust_dry_aerosol";kg m-2
1;atmos;loadnh4; ; ;CFMIP;day;"Load of NH4";"alias::atmosphere_mass_content_of_ammonium_dry_aerosol";kg m-2
1;atmos;loadno3; ; ;CFMIP;day;"Load of NO3";"alias::atmosphere_mass_content_of_nitrate_dry_aerosol";kg m-2
1;atmos;loadoa; ; ;CFMIP;day;"Load of Dry Aerosol Organic Matter";"atmosphere dry organic content: This is the vertically integrated sum of atmosphere_primary_organic_content and atmosphere_secondary_organic_content (see next two table entries).";kg m-2
1;atmos;loadpoa; ; ;CFMIP;day;"Load of Dry Aerosol Primary Organic Matter";"alias::atmosphere_mass_content_of_primary_particulate_organic_matter_dry_aerosol";kg m-2
1;atmos;loadso4;SO4_A1*3+SO4_A2*3+SO4_AC*3+SO4_N*3+SO4_NA*3+SO4_PR*3; ;CFMIP,GeoMIP;day,mon;"Load of SO4";"alias::atmosphere_mass_content_of_sulfate_dry_aerosol";kg m-2
1;atmos;loadsoa; ; ;CFMIP;day;"Load of Dry Aerosol Secondary Organic Matter";"alias::atmosphere_mass_content_of_secondary_particulate_organic_matter_dry_aerosol";kg m-2
1;atmos;loadss; ; ;CFMIP,GeoMIP;day,mon;"Load of Seasalt";"alias::atmosphere_mass_content_of_seasalt_dry_aerosol";kg m-2
1;atmos;lon; ; ;AerChemMIP,CFMIP;fx;"Longitude";"Longitude is positive eastward; its units of degree_east (or equivalent) indicate this explicitly. In a latitude-longitude system defined with respect to a rotated North Pole, the standard name of grid_longitude should be used instead of longitude. Grid longitude is positive in the grid-eastward direction, but its units should be plain degree.";degrees_east
1;atmos;lwsrfasdust; ; ;PMIP;mon;"All-sky Surface Longwave radiative flux due to Dust";"Balkanski - LSCE";W m-2
1;atmos;lwsrfcsdust; ; ;PMIP;mon;"Clear-sky Surface Longwave radiative flux due to Dust";"Balkanski - LSCE";W m-2
1;atmos;lwtoaasdust; ; ;PMIP;mon;"All Sky Longwave Radiative Forcing due to Dust at TOA";"proposed name: toa_instantaneous_longwave_forcing_due_to_dust_ambient_aerosol";W m-2
1;atmos;lwtoacsaer; ; ;PMIP;mon;"Clear Sky Longwave Radiative Forcing due to  Aerosols at TOA";"proposed name: toa_instantaneous_longwave_forcing_due_to_ambient_aerosol_assuming_clear_sky";W m-2
1;atmos;lwtoacsdust; ; ;PMIP;mon;"Clear Sky Longwave Radiative Forcing due to Dust at TOA";"Balkanski - LSCE";W m-2
1;atmos;lwtoafluxaerocs; ;no;VolMIP;6hrPt;"Longwave flux due to volcanic aerosols at TOA under clear sky";"downwelling longwave flux due to volcanic aerosols at TOA under clear sky to be diagnosed through double radiation call";W m-2
1;atmos;mc;CMFMC+CMFMCDZM;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;day,mon,subhrPt;"Convective Mass Flux";"The net mass flux should represent the difference between the updraft and downdraft components.  The flux is computed as the mass divided by the area of the grid cell.";kg m-2 s-1
1;atmos;md; ; ;PMIP;mon;"Wet diameter mode coarse insoluble";"Balkanski - LSCE";kg m-2 s-1
1;atmos;mrroLi; ;no;ISMIP6;mon;"Land Ice Runoff Flux";"Runoff flux over land ice is the difference between any available liquid water in the snowpack less any refreezing. Computed as the sum of rainfall and melt of snow or ice less any refreezing or water retained in the snowpack";kg m-2 s-1
1;atmos;n2o;N2O;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VolMIP;3hrPt,mon,monC;"N2O volume mixing ratio";"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.   The chemical formula of  nitrous oxide is N2O.";mol mol-1
1;atmos;n2oglobal;n2ovmr;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VolMIP;mon,monC;"Global Mean Mole Fraction of N2O";"Global mean Nitrous Oxide (N2O)";1e-09
1;atmos;o3;O3;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,RFMIP,VolMIP;3hrPt,mon,monC;"Ozone volume mixing ratio";"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.";mol mol-1
1;atmos;od443dust; ; ;PMIP;mon;"Optical thickness at 443 nm Dust";"Balkanski - LSCE";1
1;atmos;od550aerso; ; ;GeoMIP,PMIP;mon;"Stratospheric Optical depth at 550 nm (all aerosols) 2D-field (here we limit the computation of OD to the stratosphere only)";"From tropopause to stratopause as defined by the model";1
1;atmos;od550so4so; ; ;PMIP;mon;"Stratospheric Optical depth at 550 nm (sulphate only) 2D-field (here we limit the computation of OD to the stratosphere only)";"Balkanski - LSCE";1
1;atmos;od865dust; ; ;PMIP;mon;"Dust Optical Depth at 865 nm";"Balkanski - LSCE";1
1;atmos;oxloss; ;no;DAMIP;mon;"Total Odd Oxygen (Ox) Loss Rate";"total chemical loss rate for o+o1d+o3";mol m-3 s-1
1;atmos;oxprod; ;no;DAMIP;mon;"Total Odd Oxgen (Ox) Production Rate";"total production rate of o+o1d+o3 including o2 photolysis and all o3 producing reactions";mol m-3 s-1
1;atmos;parasolRefl; ;no;CFMIP,HighResMIP;3hrPt,day,mon;"PARASOL Reflectance";"Simulated reflectance from PARASOL as seen at the top of the atmosphere for 5 solar zenith angles. Valid only over ocean and for one viewing direction (viewing zenith angle of 30 degrees and relative azimuth angle 320 degrees).";1
1;atmos;pctisccp; ;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,HighResMIP,RFMIP;day,mon;"x";"ISCCP Mean Cloud Top Pressure. Time-means are weighted by the ISCCP Total Cloud Fraction {:cltisccp} - see  http://cfmip.metoffice.com/COSP.html";Pa
1;atmos;pfull;derived from PS  ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;3hrPt,6hrPt,day,monC,subhrPt;"Pressure on Model Levels";"Air pressure on model levels";Pa
1;atmos;phalf;PS;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;3hrPt,day,monC,subhrPt;"Pressure on Model Half-Levels";"Air pressure on model half-levels";Pa
1;atmos;pr;PRECT;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,CORDEX,DAMIP,DCPP,DynVar,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;1hr,3hr,3hrPt,6hr,day,mon,subhrPt;"Precipitation";"includes both liquid and solid phases";kg m-2 s-1
1;atmos;prCrop; ; ;VIACSAB;day,mon;"Precipitation over Crop Tile";"includes both liquid and solid phases";kg m-2 s-1
1;atmos;prc;PRECC;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;1hr,3hr,3hrPt,day,mon,subhrPt;"Convective Precipitation";"Convective precipitation at surface; includes both liquid and solid phases.";kg m-2 s-1
1;atmos;prcsh; ;no;HighResMIP;3hr;"Precipitation Flux from Shallow Convection";"Convection precipitation from shallow convection";kg m-2 s-1
1;atmos;prhmax; ;no;DCPP,PMIP;6hr,day,mon;"Maximum Hourly Precipitation Rate";"In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics.";kg m-2 s-1
1;atmos;prra;PRECT-PRECSC-PRECSL;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,OMIP,VolMIP;3hr,day,mon;"Rainfall rate";"In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics.";kg m-2 s-1
1;atmos;prrc;PRECC-PRECSC;no;LS3MIP;3hr,day;"Convective Rainfall rate";"In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics.";kg m-2 s-1
1;atmos;prrsn; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Fraction of rainfall on snow.";"The fraction of the grid averaged rainfall which falls on the snow pack";1
1;atmos;prsn;PRECSC+PRECSL;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;3hr,3hrPt,day,mon,subhrPt;"Snowfall Flux";"at surface; includes precipitation of all forms of water in the solid phase";kg m-2 s-1
1;atmos;prsnsn; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Fraction of snowfall on snow.";"The fraction of the snowfall which falls on the snow pack";1
1;atmos;prw;Q;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,CORDEX,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;3hr,3hrPt,day,mon,subhrPt;"Water Vapor Path";"vertically integrated through the atmospheric column";kg m-2
1;atmos;ps;PS;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,CORDEX,DAMIP,DCPP,DynVar,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;1hr,3hrPt,6hr,6hrPt,day,fx,mon,subhrPt;"Surface Air Pressure";"surface pressure (not mean sea-level pressure), 2-D field to calculate the 3-D pressure field from hybrid coordinates";Pa
1;atmos;psitem; ;no;DynVar;day;"Transformed Eulerian Mean Mass Streamfunction";"Residual mass streamfunction, computed from vstar and integrated from the top of the atmosphere (on the native model grid). Reference: Andrews et al (1987): Middle Atmospheric Dynamics. Academic Press.";kg s-1
1;atmos;psl;PSL;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,CORDEX,DAMIP,DCPP,DynVar,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;1hrPt,3hr,3hrPt,6hr,6hrPt,day,mon,subhrPt;"Sea Level Pressure";"Sea Level Pressure";Pa
1;atmos;reffcclwtop; ; ;CFMIP;day;"Cloud-Top Effective Droplet Radius In Convective Cloud";"Droplets are liquid only.  This is the effective radius ""as seen from space"" over convective liquid cloudy portion of grid cell.  This is the value from uppermost model layer with liquid cloud or, if available, or for some models it is the sum over all liquid cloud tops, no matter where they occur, as long as they are seen from the top of the atmosphere. Reported values are weighted by total liquid cloud top fraction of  (as seen from TOA) each time sample when computing monthly mean.daily data, separated to large-scale clouds, convective clouds. If any of the cloud is from more than one process (i.e. shallow convection), please provide them separately.";m
1;atmos;reffsclwtop; ; ;CFMIP;day;"Cloud-Top Effective Droplet Radius In Stratiform Cloud";"Droplets are liquid only.  This is the effective radius ""as seen from space"" over liquid stratiform cloudy portion of grid cell.  This is the value from uppermost model layer with liquid cloud or, if available, or for some models it is the sum over all liquid cloud tops, no matter where they occur, as long as they are seen from the top of the atmosphere. Reported values are weighted by total liquid cloud top fraction of  (as seen from TOA) each time sample when computing monthly mean.daily data, separated to large-scale clouds, convective clouds. If any of the cloud is from more than one process (i.e. shallow convection), please provide them separately.";m
1;atmos;rld; ;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,PMIP,RFMIP;fx,mon,subhrPt;"Downwelling Longwave Radiation";"Downwelling Longwave Radiation (includes the fluxes at the surface and TOA)";W m-2
1;atmos;rld4co2; ; ;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"Downwelling Longwave Radiation 4XCO2 Atmosphere";"Downwelling longwave radiation calculated using carbon dioxide concentrations increased fourfold (includes the fluxes at the surface and TOA)";W m-2
1;atmos;rldcs; ;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,PMIP;mon,subhrPt;"Downwelling Clear-Sky Longwave Radiation";"Downwelling clear-sky longwave radiation (includes the fluxes at the surface and TOA)";W m-2
1;atmos;rldcs4co2; ; ;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"Downwelling Clear-Sky Longwave Radiation 4XCO2 Atmosphere";"Downwelling clear-sky longwave radiation calculated using carbon dioxide concentrations increased fourfold (includes the fluxes at the surface and TOA)";W m-2
1;atmos;rlds;FLDS;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;3hr,3hrPt,day,mon,subhrPt;"Surface Downwelling Longwave Radiation";"The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. ""longwave"" means longwave radiation. Downwelling radiation is radiation from above. It does not mean ""net downward"". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called ""irradiance"". In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called ""vector irradiance"". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics.";W m-2
1;atmos;rldscs;FLDSC;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;3hr,3hrPt,day,mon,subhrPt;"Surface Downwelling Clear-Sky Longwave Radiation";"Surface downwelling clear-sky longwave radiation";W m-2
1;atmos;rls; ; ;DCPP,LS3MIP,PMIP;day,mon;"Net Longwave Surface Radiation";"Net longwave surface radiation";W m-2
1;atmos;rlu; ;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,PMIP,RFMIP;fx,mon,subhrPt;"Upwelling Longwave Radiation";"Upwelling longwave radiation (includes the fluxes at the surface and TOA)";W m-2
1;atmos;rlu4co2; ; ;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"Upwelling Longwave Radiation 4XCO2 Atmosphere";"Upwelling longwave radiation calculated using carbon dioxide concentrations increased fourfold (includes the fluxes at the surface and TOA)";W m-2
1;atmos;rlucs; ;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,PMIP;mon,subhrPt;"Upwelling Clear-Sky Longwave Radiation";"Upwelling clear-sky longwave radiation  (includes the fluxes at the surface and TOA)";W m-2
1;atmos;rlucs4co2; ; ;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"Upwelling Clear-Sky Longwave Radiation 4XCO2 Atmosphere";"Upwelling clear-sky longwave radiation calculated using carbon dioxide concentrations increased fourfold (includes the fluxes at the surface and TOA)";W m-2
1;atmos;rlus;FLDS+FLNS;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;3hr,3hrPt,day,mon,subhrPt;"Surface Upwelling Longwave Radiation";"The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. ""longwave"" means longwave radiation. Upwelling radiation is radiation from below. It does not mean ""net upward"". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called ""irradiance"". In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called ""vector irradiance"". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics.";W m-2
1;atmos;rlut;FSNTOA-FSNT+FLNT;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;1hrCM,1hrPt,3hr,3hrPt,day,mon,subhrPt;"TOA Outgoing Longwave Radiation";"at the top of the atmosphere (to be compared with satellite measurements)";W m-2
1;atmos;rlut4co2; ; ;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"TOA Outgoing Longwave Radiation 4XCO2 Atmosphere";"Top-of-atmosphere outgoing longwave radiation calculated using carbon dioxide concentrations increased fourfold";W m-2
1;atmos;rlutcs;FLUTC?;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;1hrCM,3hr,3hrPt,day,mon,subhrPt;"TOA Outgoing Clear-sky Longwave Radiation";"Upwelling clear-sky longwave radiation at top of atmosphere";W m-2
1;atmos;rlutcs4co2; ; ;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"TOA Outgoing Clear-Sky Longwave Radiation 4XCO2 Atmosphere";"Top-of-atmosphere outgoing clear-sky longwave radiation calculated using carbon dioxide concentrations increased fourfold";W m-2
1;atmos;rsd; ;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,PMIP,RFMIP;fx,mon,subhrPt;"Downwelling Shortwave Radiation";"Downwelling shortwave radiation (includes the fluxes at the surface and top-of-atmosphere)";W m-2
1;atmos;rsd4co2; ; ;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"Downwelling Shortwave Radiation 4XCO2 Atmosphere";"Downwelling shortwave radiation calculated using carbon dioxide concentrations increased fourfold";W m-2
1;atmos;rsdcs; ;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,PMIP,RFMIP;3hrPt,mon,subhrPt;"Downwelling Clear-Sky Shortwave Radiation";"Downwelling clear-sky shortwave radiation (includes the fluxes at the surface and top-of-atmosphere)";W m-2
1;atmos;rsdcs4co2; ; ;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"Downwelling Clear-Sky Shortwave Radiation 4XCO2 Atmosphere";"Downwelling clear-sky shortwave radiation calculated using carbon dioxide concentrations increased fourfold";W m-2
1;atmos;rsdcsbnd; ;no;RFMIP;3hrPt;"Downwelling Clear-Sky Shortwave Radiation at each level for each band";"Calculated with aerosols but without clouds. This is a standard clear-sky calculation";W m-2
1;atmos;rsds;FSDS;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;3hr,3hrPt,day,mon,subhrPt;"Surface Downwelling Shortwave Radiation";"surface solar irradiance for UV calculations";W m-2
1;atmos;rsdscs;FSDSC;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;3hr,3hrPt,day,mon,subhrPt;"Surface Downwelling Clear-Sky Shortwave Radiation";"surface solar irradiance clear sky for UV calculations";W m-2
1;atmos;rsdscsbnd; ;no;RFMIP;3hrPt;"Surface Downwelling Clear-Sky Shortwave Radiation for each band";"Calculated with aerosols but without clouds. This is a standard clear-sky calculation";W m-2
1;atmos;rsdscsdiff; ; ;CFMIP,GeoMIP;day,mon;"Surface Diffuse Downwelling Clear Sky Shortwave Radiation";"Downwelling radiation is radiation from above. It does not mean ""net downward"". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called ""irradiance"".  In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called ""vector irradiance"". ""Diffuse"" radiation is radiation that has been scattered by particles in the atmosphere such as cloud droplets and aerosols. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called  ""flux density"" in physics. The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. A phrase ""assuming_condition"" indicates that the named quantity is the value which would obtain if all aspects of the system were unaltered except for the assumption of the circumstances specified by the condition. ""shortwave"" means shortwave radiation.";W m-2
1;atmos;rsdsdiff;SOLLD+SOLSD;yes;CFMIP,CMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,VIACSAB;3hr,day,mon;"Surface Diffuse Downwelling Shortwave Radiation";"Downwelling radiation is radiation from above. It does not mean ""net downward"".  ""Diffuse"" radiation is radiation that has been scattered by particles in the atmosphere such as cloud droplets and aerosols. When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called ""irradiance"".  In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called ""vector irradiance"".  In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics.  The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere.  ""shortwave"" means shortwave radiation.";W m-2
1;atmos;rsdt;FSNTOA+FSUTOA;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;1hrCM,3hr,3hrPt,day,mon,subhrPt;"TOA Incident Shortwave Radiation";"Shortwave radiation incident at the top of the atmosphere";W m-2
1;atmos;rss; ; ;DCPP,LS3MIP,PMIP;day,mon;"Net Shortwave Surface Radiation";"Net downward shortwave radiation at the surface";W m-2
1;atmos;rsu; ;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,PMIP,RFMIP;fx,mon,subhrPt;"Upwelling Shortwave Radiation";"Upwelling shortwave radiation  (includes also the fluxes at the surface and top of atmosphere)";W m-2
1;atmos;rsu4co2; ; ;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"Upwelling Shortwave Radiation 4XCO2 Atmosphere";"Upwelling Shortwave Radiation calculated using carbon dioxide concentrations increased fourfold";W m-2
1;atmos;rsucs; ;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,PMIP,RFMIP;3hrPt,mon,subhrPt;"Upwelling Clear-Sky Shortwave Radiation";"Upwelling clear-sky shortwave radiation  (includes the fluxes at the surface and TOA)";W m-2
1;atmos;rsucs4co2; ; ;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"Upwelling Clear-Sky Shortwave Radiation 4XCO2 Atmosphere";"Upwelling clear-sky shortwave radiation calculated using carbon dioxide concentrations increased fourfold";W m-2
1;atmos;rsucsbnd; ;no;RFMIP;3hrPt;"Upwelling Clear-Sky Shortwave Radiation at each level for each band";"Calculated with aerosols but without clouds. This is a standard clear-sky calculation";W m-2
1;atmos;rsus;FSDS-FSNS;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;3hr,3hrPt,day,mon,subhrPt;"Surface Upwelling Shortwave Radiation";"The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. ""shortwave"" means shortwave radiation. Upwelling radiation is radiation from below. It does not mean ""net upward"". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called ""irradiance"". In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called ""vector irradiance"". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics.";W m-2
1;atmos;rsuscs;FSDSC-FSNSC;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;3hr,3hrPt,day,mon,subhrPt;"Surface Upwelling Clear-Sky Shortwave Radiation";"Surface Upwelling Clear-sky Shortwave Radiation";W m-2
1;atmos;rsuscsbnd; ;no;RFMIP;3hrPt;"Surface Upwelling Clear-Sky Shortwave Radiation for each band";"Calculated with aerosols but without clouds. This is a standard clear-sky calculation";W m-2
1;atmos;rsut;FSUTOA;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;1hrCM,3hr,3hrPt,day,mon,subhrPt;"Top-of-Atmosphere Outgoing Shortwave Radiation";"at the top of the atmosphere";W m-2
1;atmos;rsut4co2; ; ;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"TOA Outgoing Shortwave Radiation in 4XCO2 Atmosphere";"TOA Outgoing Shortwave Radiation calculated using carbon dioxide concentrations increased fourfold";W m-2
1;atmos;rsutcs;SOLIN-FSNTOAC;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;1hrCM,3hr,3hrPt,day,mon,subhrPt;"TOA Outgoing Clear-Sky Shortwave Radiation";"Calculated in the absence of clouds.";W m-2
1;atmos;rsutcs4co2; ; ;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"TOA Outgoing Clear-Sky Shortwave Radiation 4XCO2 Atmosphere";"TOA Outgoing Clear-Sky Shortwave Radiation calculated using carbon dioxide concentrations increased fourfold";W m-2
1;atmos;rsutcsafbnd; ;no;RFMIP;3hrPt;"TOA Outgoing Clear-Sky, Aerosol-Free Shortwave Radiation in Bands";"Calculated in the absence of aerosols and clouds, following Ghan (2013, ACP). This requires a double-call in the radiation code with precisely the same meteorology.";W m-2
1;atmos;rsutcsbnd; ;no;RFMIP;3hrPt;"TOA Outgoing Clear-Sky Shortwave Radiation for each band";"Calculated with aerosols but without clouds. This is a standard clear-sky calculation";W m-2
1;atmos;rtmt;FSNT-FLNT;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VolMIP;3hrPt,mon,subhrPt;"Net Downward Radiative Flux at Top of Model";"Net Downward Radiative Flux at Top of Model : I.e., at the top of that portion of the atmosphere where dynamics are explicitly treated by the model. This is reported only if it differs from the net downward radiative flux at the top of the atmosphere.";W m-2
1;atmos;rv850; ;no;AerChemMIP,CMIP,DCPP,HighResMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;6hr,6hrPt;"Relative Vorticity at 850 hPa";"Relative vorticity is the upward component of the vorticity vector i.e. the component which arises from horizontal velocity.";s-1
1;atmos;sblnosn; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Sublimation of the snow free area";"";kg m-2 s-1
1;atmos;sci;FREQSH;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;3hrPt,mon,subhrPt;"Fraction of Time Shallow Convection Occurs";"Fraction of time that shallow convection occurs in the grid cell.";1
1;atmos;scldncl; ; ;CFMIP;day;"Cloud Droplet Number Concentration of Stratiform Cloud Tops";"Droplets are liquid only.  Report concentration ""as seen from space"" over stratiform liquid cloudy portion of grid cell.  This is the value from uppermost model layer with liquid cloud or, if available, it is better to sum over all liquid cloud tops, no matter where they occur, as long as they are seen from the top of the atmosphere. Weight by total liquid cloud top fraction of  (as seen from TOA) each time sample when computing monthly mean.";m-3
1;atmos;sconcdust; ; ;GeoMIP;mon;"Surface Concentration of Dust";"mass concentration of dust dry aerosol in air in model lowest layer";kg m-3
1;atmos;sconcso4; ; ;GeoMIP;mon;"Surface Concentration of SO4";"mass concentration of sulfate dry aerosol in air in model lowest layer.";kg m-3
1;atmos;sconcss; ; ;GeoMIP;mon;"Surface Concentration of Seasalt";"mass concentration of seasalt dry aerosol in air in model lowest layer";kg m-3
1;atmos;sfcWind;U10;no; ,AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;3hr,3hrPt,6hr,6hrPt,day,mon,subhrPt;"Near-Surface Wind Speed";"near-surface (usually, 10 meters) wind speed.";m s-1
1;atmos;sfcWindmax;U10;yes;CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,HighResMIP,PMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;day,mon;"Daily Maximum Near-Surface Wind Speed";"Daily maximum near-surface (usually, 10 meters) wind speed.";m s-1
1;atmos;sftlf;LANDFRAC;yes;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DCPP,PMIP;fx;"Percentage of the grid  cell occupied by land (including lakes(";"Please express ""X_area_fraction"" as the percentage of horizontal area occupied by X.";%
1;atmos;siltfrac; ;no;LS3MIP;fx;"Silt Fraction";"""Volume fraction"" is used in the construction volume_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.";1
1;atmos;snmsl; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Water flowing out of snowpack";"";kg m-2 s-1
1;atmos;snrefr; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Re-freezing of water in the snow";"In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics. The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. ""Surface snow and ice refreezing flux"" means the mass flux of surface  meltwater which refreezes within the snow or firn.";kg m-2 s-1
1;atmos;snwc; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"SWE intercepted by the vegetation";"Total water mass of the snowpack (liquid or frozen), averaged over a grid cell and interecepted by the canopy.";kg m-2
1;atmos;solbnd; ;no;RFMIP;3hrPt;"Top-of-Atmosphere Solar Irradiance for each band";"Solar irradiance at a horizontal surface at top of atmosphere.";W m-2
1;atmos;swsrfasdust; ; ;PMIP;mon;"All-sky Surface Shortwave radiative flux due to Dust";"Balkanski - LSCE";W m-2
1;atmos;swsrfcsdust; ; ;PMIP;mon;"Clear-sky Surface Shortwave radiative flux due to Dust";"Balkanski - LSCE";W m-2
1;atmos;swtoaasdust; ; ;PMIP;mon;"all sky sw-rf dust at toa";"proposed name: toa_instantaneous_shortwave_forcing_due_to_dust_ambient_aerosol";W m-2
1;atmos;swtoacsdust; ; ;PMIP;mon;"clear sky sw-rf dust at toa";"proposed name: toa_instantaneous_shortwave_forcing_due_to_dust_ambient_aerosol_assuming_clear_sky";W m-2
1;atmos;swtoafluxaerocs; ;no;VolMIP;6hrPt;"Shortwave flux due to volcanic aerosols at TOA under clear sky";"downwelling shortwave flux due to volcanic aerosols at TOA under clear sky to be diagnosed through double radiation call";W m-2
1;atmos;sza; ;no;RFMIP;3hrPt;"Solar Zenith Angle";"The angle between the line of sight to the sun and the local vertical";degree
1;atmos;ta;T;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,CORDEX,DAMIP,DCPP,DynVar,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;1hrPt,3hrPt,6hrPt,day,mon,subhrPt;"Air Temperature";"Air Temperature";K
1;atmos;ta500; ; ;PMIP;day;"Air Temperature";"Temperature on the 500 hPa surface";K
1;atmos;ta700;T700;no;CFMIP,HighResMIP;day;"Air Temperature";"Air temperature at 700hPa";K
1;atmos;ta850; ; ;DCPP,PMIP;day;"Air Temperature";"Air temperature at 850hPa";K
1;atmos;tas;TREFHT;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,CORDEX,DAMIP,DCPP,DynVar,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;1hr,3hrPt,6hr,6hrPt,day,mon,subhrPt;"Near-Surface Air Temperature";"near-surface (usually, 2 meter) air temperature";K
1;atmos;tasmax;TREFMXAV;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,CORDEX,DAMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;day,mon;"Daily Maximum Near-Surface Air Temperature";"maximum near-surface (usually, 2 meter) air temperature (add cell_method attribute ""time: max"")";K
1;atmos;tasmaxCrop; ; ;VIACSAB;day,mon;"Daily Maximum Near-Surface Air Temperature over Crop Tile";"maximum near-surface (usually, 2 meter) air temperature (add cell_method attribute ""time: max"")";K
1;atmos;tasmin;TREFMNAV;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,CORDEX,DAMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;day,mon;"Daily Minimum Near-Surface Air Temperature";"minimum near-surface (usually, 2 meter) air temperature (add cell_method attribute ""time: min"")";K
1;atmos;tasminCrop; ; ;VIACSAB;day,mon;"Daily Minimum Near-Surface Air Temperature over Crop Tile";"minimum near-surface (usually, 2 meter) air temperature (add cell_method attribute ""time: min"")";K
1;atmos;tau; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Momentum flux";"module of the momentum lost by the atmosphere to the surface.";N m-2
1;atmos;tauu;TAUX;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,DynVar,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;3hrPt,day,mon,subhrPt;"Surface Downward Eastward Wind Stress";"Downward eastward wind stress at the surface";Pa
1;atmos;tauupbl; ; ;DynVar;day;"eastward surface stress from planetary boundary layer scheme";"The  downward eastward stress associated with the models parameterization of the planetary boundary layer. (This request is related to a WGNE effort to understand how models parameterize the surface stresses.)";Pa
1;atmos;tauv;TAUY;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,DynVar,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;3hrPt,day,mon,subhrPt;"Surface Downward Northward Wind Stress";"Downward northward wind stress at the surface";Pa
1;atmos;tauvpbl; ; ;DynVar;day;"northward surface stress from planetary boundary layer scheme";"The  downward northward stress associated with the models parameterization of the planetary boundary layer. (This request is related to a WGNE effort to understand how models parameterize the surface stresses.)";Pa
1;atmos;tnhus; ;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,PMIP;mon,subhrPt;"Tendency of Specific Humidity";"Tendency of Specific Humidity";s-1
1;atmos;tnhusa; ;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,PMIP;mon,subhrPt;"Tendency of Specific Humidity due to Advection";"Tendency of Specific Humidity due to Advection";s-1
1;atmos;tnhusc; ;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,PMIP;mon,subhrPt;"Tendency of Specific Humidity due to Convection";"Tendencies from cumulus convection scheme.";s-1
1;atmos;tnhusd; ;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,PMIP;mon,subhrPt;"Tendency of Specific Humidity due to Numerical Diffusion";"Tendency of specific humidity due to numerical diffusion.This includes any horizontal or vertical numerical moisture diffusion not associated with the parametrized moist physics or the resolved dynamics.  For example, any vertical diffusion which is part of the boundary layer mixing scheme should be excluded, as should any diffusion which is included in the terms from the resolved dynamics.   This term is required to check the closure of the moisture budget.";s-1
1;atmos;tnhusmp; ;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,PMIP;mon,subhrPt;"Tendency of Specific Humidity due to Model Physics";"Tendency of specific humidity due to model physics. This includes sources and sinks from parametrized moist physics (e.g. convection, boundary layer, stratiform condensation/evaporation, etc.) and excludes sources and sinks from resolved dynamics or from horizontal or vertical numerical diffusion not associated with model physics.  For example any diffusive mixing by the boundary layer scheme would be included.";s-1
1;atmos;tnhuspbl; ;no;CFMIP;mon,subhrPt;"Tendency of Specific Humidity Due to Boundary Layer Mixing";"Includes all boundary layer terms including diffusive terms.";s-1
1;atmos;tnhusscp; ;no;CFMIP;mon,subhrPt;"Tendency of Specific Humidity Due to Stratiform Clouds and Precipitation";"The phrase ""tendency_of_X"" means derivative of X with respect to time. ""Specific"" means per unit mass. Specific humidity is the mass fraction of water vapor in (moist) air. The specification of a physical process by the phrase ""due_to_"" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. A variable with the standard name of tendency_of_specific_humidity_due_to_stratiform_cloud_and_precipitation should contain the effects of all processes which convert stratiform clouds and precipitation to or from water vapor. In an atmosphere model, stratiform cloud is that produced by large-scale convergence (not the convection schemes).";s-1
1;atmos;tnhusscpbl; ;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,PMIP;mon,subhrPt;"Tendency of Specific Humidity Due to Stratiform Cloud and Precipitation and Boundary Layer Mixing";"Tendency of Specific Humidity Due to Stratiform Cloud and Precipitation and Boundary Layer Mixing  (to be specified only in  models which do not separate budget terms for stratiform cloud, precipitation and boundary layer schemes.  Includes all boundary layer terms including and diffusive terms.)";s-1
1;atmos;tnt;DTCORE+DTCOND+?;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,PMIP;mon,subhrPt;"Tendency of Air Temperature";"Tendency of Air Temperature";K s-1
1;atmos;tnta; ;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,PMIP;mon,subhrPt;"Tendency of Air Temperature due to Advection";"Tendency of Air Temperature due to Advection";K s-1
1;atmos;tntc; ;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,DynVar,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,PMIP,VolMIP;mon,subhrPt;"Tendency of Air Temperature due to Convection";"Tendencies from cumulus convection scheme.";K s-1
1;atmos;tntd; ;no;CFMIP;mon,subhrPt;"Tendency of Air Temperature due to Numerical Diffusion";"This includes any horizontal or vertical numerical temperature diffusion not associated with the parametrized moist physics or the resolved dynamics.  For example, any vertical diffusion which is part of the boundary layer mixing scheme should be excluded, as should any diffusion which is included in the terms from the resolved dynamics.   This term is required to check the closure of the temperature budget.";K s-1
1;atmos;tntmp; ;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,DynVar,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,PMIP,VolMIP;mon,subhrPt;"Tendency of Air Temperature due to Model Physics";"Tendency of air temperature due to model physics. This includes sources and sinks from parametrized physics (e.g. radiation, convection, boundary layer, stratiform condensation/evaporation, etc.). It excludes sources and sinks from resolved dynamics and numerical diffusion not associated with parametrized physics.  For example, any vertical diffusion which is part of the boundary layer mixing scheme should be included, while numerical diffusion applied in addition to physics or resolved dynamics should be excluded.  This term is required to check the closure of the heat budget.";K s-1
1;atmos;tntpbl; ;no;CFMIP;mon,subhrPt;"Tendency of Air Temperature Due to Boundary Layer Mixing";"Includes all boundary layer terms including diffusive terms.";K s-1
1;atmos;tntr; ;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,PMIP;1hrPt,mon,subhrPt;"Tendency of Air Temperature due to Radiative Heating";"Tendency of Air Temperature due to Radiative Heating";K s-1
1;atmos;tntrlcs; ;no;CFMIP,DynVar,VolMIP;mon,subhrPt;"Tendency of Air Temperature due to Clear Sky Longwave Radiative Heating";"Tendency of Air Temperature due to Clear Sky Longwave Radiative Heating";K s-1
1;atmos;tntrscs; ;no;CFMIP,DynVar,VolMIP;mon,subhrPt;"Tendency of Air Temperature due to Clear Sky Shortwave Radiative Heating";"Tendency of Air Temperature due to Clear Sky Shortwave Radiative Heating";K s-1
1;atmos;tntscp; ;no;CFMIP,DynVar,VolMIP;mon,subhrPt;"Tendency of Air Temperature Due to Stratiform Clouds and Precipitation";"The phrase ""tendency_of_X"" means derivative of X with respect to time. Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature. The specification of a physical process by the phrase ""due_to_"" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. A variable with the standard name tendency_of_air_temperature_due_to_stratiform_cloud_and_precipitation should contain net latent heating effects of all processes which convert stratiform clouds and precipitation between water vapour, liquid or ice phases. In an atmosphere model, stratiform cloud is that produced by large-scale convergence (not the convection schemes).";K s-1
1;atmos;tntscpbl; ;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,PMIP;mon,subhrPt;"Tendency of Air Temperature Due to Stratiform Cloud and Precipitation and Boundary Layer Mixing";"Tendency of Air Temperature Due to Stratiform Cloud and Precipitation and Boundary Layer Mixing (to be specified only in  models which do not separate cloud, precipitation and boundary layer terms.  Includes all boundary layer terms including diffusive ones.)";K s-1
1;atmos;tr; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Surface Radiative Temperature";"Effective radiative surface temperature, averaged over the grid cell";K
1;atmos;ts;TS;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;3hrPt,6hrPt,day,mon,subhrPt;"Surface Temperature";"Temperature of the lower boundary of the atmosphere";K
1;atmos;tsns; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Snow Surface Temperature";"Temperature of the snow surface as it interacts with the atmosphere, averaged over a grid cell.";K
1;atmos;ua;U;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,CORDEX,DAMIP,DCPP,DynVar,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;1hrPt,3hrPt,6hrPt,day,mon,subhrPt;"Eastward Wind";"""Eastward"" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed eastward (negative westward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.)";m s-1
1;atmos;uas; ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,CORDEX,DAMIP,DCPP,DynVar,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;3hr,3hrPt,6hr,6hrPt,day,mon,subhrPt;"Eastward Near-Surface Wind";"Eastward component of the near-surface (usually, 10 meters)  wind";m s-1
1;atmos;uqint; ; ;HighResMIP;mon;"integrated_eastward_wind_times_humidity";"Column integrated eastward wind times specific humidity";m2 s-1
1;atmos;utendepfd; ;no;DAMIP,DCPP,DynVar,HighResMIP,VolMIP;day,mon;"Tendency of eastward wind due to Eliassen-Palm Flux divergence";"Tendency of the zonal mean zonal wind due to the divergence of the Eliassen-Palm flux.";m s-2
1;atmos;utendnogw; ;no;DAMIP,DynVar,HighResMIP,VolMIP;1hrPt,day,mon;"u-tendency nonorographic gravity wave drag";"Tendency of the eastward wind by parameterized nonorographic gravity waves.";m s-2
1;atmos;utendogw; ;no;DAMIP,DynVar,VolMIP;day,mon;"u-tendency orographic gravity wave drag";"Tendency of the eastward wind by parameterized orographic gravity waves.";m s-2
1;atmos;utendvtem; ;no;DynVar;day;"Tendency of eastward wind due to TEM northward advection and Coriolis term";"Tendency of zonally averaged eastward wind, by the residual upward wind advection (on the native model grid). Reference: Andrews et al (1987): Middle Atmospheric Dynamics. Academic Press.";m s-1 d-1
1;atmos;utendwtem; ;no;DynVar;day;"Tendency of eastward wind due to TEM upward advection";"Tendency of zonally averaged eastward wind, by the residual northward wind advection (on the native model grid). Reference: Andrews et al (1987): Middle Atmospheric Dynamics. Academic Press.";m s-1 d-1
1;atmos;va;V;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,CORDEX,DAMIP,DCPP,DynVar,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;1hrPt,3hrPt,6hrPt,day,mon,subhrPt;"Northward Wind";"""Northward"" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). Wind is defined as a two-dimensional (horizontal) air velocity vector, with no vertical component. (Vertical motion in the atmosphere has the standard name upward_air_velocity.)";m s-1
1;atmos;vas; ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,CORDEX,DAMIP,DCPP,DynVar,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;3hr,3hrPt,6hr,6hrPt,day,mon,subhrPt;"Northward Near-Surface Wind";"Northward component of the near surface wind";m s-1
1;atmos;vmrox; ;no;DAMIP;mon;"Mole Fraction of Odd Oxgen (O, O3 and O1d)";"Mole Fraction of Ox";mol mol-1
1;atmos;vortmean; ;no;HighResMIP;6hrPt;"atmosphere_relative_vorticity";"Mean vorticity over 850,700,600 hPa";s-1
1;atmos;vqint; ; ;HighResMIP;mon;"integrated_northward_wind_times_humidity";"Column integrated northward wind times specific humidity";m2 s-1
1;atmos;vtem; ;no;DAMIP,DCPP,DynVar,HighResMIP,VolMIP;day,mon;"Transformed Eulerian Mean northward wind";"Transformed Eulerian Mean Diagnostics v*, meridional component of the residual meridional circulation (v*, w*) derived from 6 hr or higher frequency data fields (use instantaneous daily fields or 12 hr fields if the 6 hr data are not available).";m s-1
1;atmos;wap;OMEGA;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,DynVar,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;1hrPt,3hrPt,6hr,day,mon,subhrPt;"omega (=dp/dt)";"Omega (vertical velocity in pressure coordinates, positive downwards)";Pa s-1
1;atmos;wap500;OMEGA500;no;CFMIP,HighResMIP,PMIP;day;"omega (=dp/dt)";"Omega (vertical velocity in pressure coordinates, positive downwards) at 500 hPa level;";Pa s-1
1;atmos;wbptemp; ;no;HighResMIP;6hrPt;"wet_bulb_potential_temperature";"Wet bulb potential temperature";K
1;atmos;wtem; ;no;DAMIP,DCPP,DynVar,HighResMIP,VolMIP;day,mon;"Transformed Eulerian Mean upward wind";"Transformed Eulerian Mean Diagnostics w*, meridional component of the residual meridional circulation (v*, w*) derived from 6 hr or higher frequency data fields (use instantaneous daily fields or 12 hr fields if the 6 hr data are not available). Scale height: 6950 m";m s-1
1;atmos;zfull;Z3;no;CFMIP,RFMIP;3hrPt,fx;"Altitude of Model Full-Levels";"""Height_above_X"" means the vertical distance above the named surface X. A reference ellipsoid is a mathematical figure that approximates the geoid. The geoid is a surface of constant geopotential with which mean sea level would coincide if the ocean were at rest. The ellipsoid is an approximation because the geoid is an irregular shape. A number of reference ellipsoids are defined for use in the field of geodesy. To specify which reference ellipsoid is being used, a grid_mapping variable should be attached to the data variable as described in Chapter 5.6 of the CF Convention.";m
1;atmos;zg;Z ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,CORDEX,DAMIP,DCPP,DynVar,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;1hrPt,6hrPt,day,mon,subhrPt;"Geopotential Height";"Geopotential is the sum of the specific gravitational potential energy relative to the geoid and the specific centripetal potential energy. Geopotential height is the geopotential divided by the standard acceleration due to gravity. It is numerically similar to the altitude (or geometric height) and not to the quantity with standard name height, which is relative to the surface.";m
1;atmos;zg1000;Z1000;no;AerChemMIP,DCPP;6hr,day;"Geopotential Height at 1000 hPa";"Geopotential height on the 1000 hPa surface";m
1;atmos;zmla; ; ;PMIP;day;"Height of Boundary Layer";"The atmosphere boundary layer thickness is the ""depth"" or ""height"" of the (atmosphere) planetary boundary layer.";m
1;atmos;zmlwaero; ;no;VolMIP;6hrPt;"Zonal mean longwave heating rate due to volcanic aerosols";"longwave heating rate due to volcanic aerosols to be diagnosed through double radiation call, zonal average values required";K s-1
1;atmos;zmswaero; ;no;VolMIP;6hrPt;"Zonal mean shortwave heating rate due to volcanic aerosols";"shortwave heating rate due to volcanic aerosols to be diagnosed through double radiation call, zonal average values required";K s-1
1;atmos;zmtnt; ;no;DAMIP;mon;"Zonal Mean Diabatic Heating Rates";"The diabatic heating rates due to all the processes that may change potential temperature";K s-1
1;atmosChem;ch4;CH4;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VolMIP;mon,monC;"CH4 volume mixing ratio";"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.";mol mol-1
1;atmosChem;ch4global;ch4vmr;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VolMIP;mon,monC;"Global Mean Mole Fraction of CH4";"Global Mean Mole Fraction of CH4";1e-09
1;atmosChem;flashrate; ; ;PMIP;mon;"Lightning Flash Rate";"proposed name: lightning_flash_rate (units to be interpreted as ""counts km-2 s-1)";km-2 s-1
1;atmosChem;n2o;N2O;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VolMIP;mon,monC;"N2O volume mixing ratio";"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.   The chemical formula of  nitrous oxide is N2O.";mol mol-1
1;atmosChem;n2oglobal;n2ovmr;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VolMIP;mon,monC;"Global Mean Mole Fraction of N2O";"Global mean Nitrous Oxide (N2O)";1e-09
1;atmosChem;o3;O3;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,RFMIP,VolMIP;mon,monC;"Ozone volume mixing ratio";"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.";mol mol-1
1;atmosChem;oxloss; ;no;DAMIP;mon;"Total Odd Oxygen (Ox) Loss Rate";"total chemical loss rate for o+o1d+o3";mol m-3 s-1
1;atmosChem;oxprod; ;no;DAMIP;mon;"Total Odd Oxgen (Ox) Production Rate";"total production rate of o+o1d+o3 including o2 photolysis and all o3 producing reactions";mol m-3 s-1
1;atmosChem;vmrox; ;no;DAMIP;mon;"Mole Fraction of Odd Oxgen (O, O3 and O1d)";"Mole Fraction of Ox";mol mol-1
1;land;agesno; ; ;C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,VolMIP;day,mon;"Mean Age of Snow";"Age of Snow (when computing the time-mean here, the time samples, weighted by the mass of snow on the land portion of the grid cell, are accumulated and then divided by the sum of the weights.  Reported as missing data in regions free of snow on land.";day
1;land;albc; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Canopy Albedo";"";1
1;land;albsn; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Snow Albedo";"Albedo of the snow-covered surface, averaged over the grid cell.";1
1;land;areacella;area;yes;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DCPP,LS3MIP,PMIP;fx;"Grid-Cell Area for Atmospheric Grid Variables";"For atmospheres with more than 1 mesh (e.g., staggered grids), report areas that apply to surface vertical fluxes of energy.";m2
1;land;areacellg; ;no;ISMIP6;fx;"Grid Cell Area for Icesheet Variables";"Area of the target grid (not the interpolated area of the source grid).";m2
1;land;areacellr; ;no;CMIP,DCPP,PMIP;fx;"Grid-Cell Area for River Model Variables";"For river routing model, if grid differs from the atmospheric grid.";m2
1;land;ares; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Aerodynamic resistance";"The ""aerodynamic_resistance"" is the resistance to mixing through the boundary layer toward the surface by means of the dominant process, turbulent transport. Reference: Wesely, M. L., 1989,  doi:10.1016/0004-6981(89)90153-4.";s m-1
1;land;baresoilFrac; ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon,yr;"Bare Soil Percentage Area Coverage";"Percentage of entire grid cell  that is covered by bare soil.";%
1;land;burntFractionAll;ANN_FAREA_BURNED;partly;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Percentage of Entire Grid cell  that is Covered by Burnt Vegetation (All Classes)";"Percentage of grid cell burned due to all fires including natural and anthropogenic fires and those associated with anthropogenic land use change";%
1;land;cLand; ; ;C4MIP,DCPP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Total Carbon in All Terrestrial Carbon Pools";"Report missing data over ocean grid cells. For fractional land report value averaged over the land fraction.";kg m-2
1;land;cLitter;TOTLITC;partly;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon,yrPt;"Carbon Mass in Litter Pool";"alias::litter_carbon_content";kg m-2
1;land;cLitterLut; ;no;LUMIP;yrPt;"Carbon  in Above and Below Ground Litter Pools on Land Use Tiles";"end of year values (not annual mean)";kg m-2
1;land;cProduct; ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon,yrPt;"Carbon Mass in Products of Land Use Change";"Carbon mass per unit area in that has been removed from the environment through  land use change.";kg m-2
1;land;cProductLut; ;no;LUMIP;yrPt;"wood and agricultural product pool carbon associated with land use tiles; examples of products include paper, cardboard, timber for construction, and crop harvest for food or fuel.";"anthropogenic pools associated with land use tiles into which harvests and cleared carbon are deposited before release into atmosphere PLUS any remaining anthropogenic pools that may be associated with lands which were converted into land use tiles during reported period . Does NOT include residue which is deposited into soil or litter; end of year values (not annual mean)";kg m-2
1;land;cSoil;SOILC;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VolMIP;mon,yrPt;"Carbon Mass in Model Soil Pool";"Carbon mass in the full depth of the soil model.";kg m-2
1;land;cSoilAbove1m; ;no;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Carbon mass in soil pool above 1m depth";"Report missing data over ocean grid cells. For fractional land report value averaged over the land fraction.";kg m-2
1;land;cSoilLut; ;no;LUMIP;yrPt;"carbon  in soil pool on land use tiles";"end of year values (not annual mean)";kg m-2
1;land;cTotFireLut; ; ;LUMIP;mon;"Total carbon loss from natural and managed fire on land use tile, including deforestation fires";"Different from LMON this flux should include all fires occurring on the land use tile, including natural, man-made and deforestation fires";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;cVeg;TOTVEGC;partly;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon,yrPt;"Carbon Mass in Vegetation";"Carbon mass per unit area in vegetation.";kg m-2
1;land;cVegLut; ;no;LUMIP;yrPt;"carbon in vegetation on land use tiles";"end of year values (not annual mean)";kg m-2
1;land;clayfrac; ;no;LS3MIP;fx;"Clay Fraction";"""Volume fraction"" is used in the construction volume_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.";1
1;land;cnc; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Canopy covered area percentage";"""X_area_fraction"" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. ""X_area"" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell. ""Vegetation"" means any plants e.g. trees, shrubs, grass.";%
1;land;cropFrac; ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon,yr;"Percentage Crop Cover";"Percentage of entire grid cell  that is covered by crop.";%
1;land;cropFracC3; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Percentage Cover by C3 Crops";"Percentage of entire grid cell covered by C3 crops";%
1;land;cropFracC4; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Percentage Cover by C4 Crops";"Percentage of entire grid cell covered by C4 crops";%
1;land;cw; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Total Canopy Water Storage";"""Amount"" means mass per unit area. ""Water"" means water in all phases, including frozen i.e. ice and snow. ""Canopy"" means the plant or vegetation canopy. The canopy water is the water on the canopy.";kg m-2
1;land;dcw; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Change in Interception Storage";"";kg m-2
1;land;dfr; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Frozen Soil Depth";"Depth from surface to the first zero degree isotherm. Above this isotherm T < 0o, and below this line T > 0o.";m
1;land;dgw; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Change in Groundwater";"";kg m-2
1;land;dmlt; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Depth to soil thaw";"Depth from surface to the zero degree isotherm. Above this isotherm T > 0o, and below this line T < 0o.";m
1;land;drivw; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Change in River Storage";"";kg m-2
1;land;dslw; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Change in soil moisture";"";kg m-2
1;land;dsn; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Change in snow water equivalent";"";kg m-2
1;land;dsw; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Change in Surface Water Storage";"";kg m-2
1;land;dtes; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Change in surface heat storage";"Change in heat storage over the soil layer and the vegetation for which the energy balance is calculated, accumulated over the sampling time interval.";J m-2
1;land;dtesn; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Change in snow/ice cold content";"Change in cold content over the snow layer for which the energy balance is calculated, accumulated over the sampling time interval. This should also include the energy contained in the liquid water in the snow pack.";J m-2
1;land;ec; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Interception evaporation";"";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;eow; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Open Water Evaporation";"";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;es; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Bare soil evaporation";"""Water"" means water in all phases. Evaporation is the conversion of liquid or solid into vapor. (The conversion of solid alone into vapor is called ""sublimation"".) In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics.";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;esn; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Snow Evaporation";"Water means water in all phases. Evaporation is the conversion of liquid or solid into vapor. (The conversion of solid alone into vapor is called ""sublimation"".) In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics. Unless indicated in the cell_methods attribute, a quantity is assumed to apply to the whole area of each horizontal grid box. Previously, the qualifier where_type was used to specify that the quantity applies only to the part of the grid box of the named type.  Names containing the where_type qualifier are deprecated and newly created data should use the cell_methods attribute to indicate the horizontal area to which the quantity applies.";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;et; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Total Evapotranspiration";"";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;evspsblpot; ; ;LS3MIP,PMIP;day,mon;"Potential Evapotranspiration";"at surface; potential flux of water into the atmosphere due to conversion of both liquid and solid phases to vapor (from underlying surface and vegetation)";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;evspsblsoi;QSOIL;partly;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Water Evaporation from Soil";"Water evaporation from soil (including sublimation).";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;evspsblveg;QVEGE;partly;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Evaporation from Canopy";"The canopy evaporation and sublimation (if present in model); may include dew formation as a negative flux.";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;fAnthDisturb; ;no;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Carbon Mass Flux from Vegetation, Litter or Soil Pools into the Atmosphere due to Any Human Activity";"will require some careful definition to make sure we capture everything - any human activity that releases carbon to the atmosphere instead of into product pool goes here. E.g. Deforestation fire, harvest assumed to decompose straight away, grazing...";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;fBNF; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"biological nitrogen fixation";"The phrase ""tendency_of_X"" means derivative of X with respect to time. ""Content"" indicates a quantity per unit area. On land, ""nitrogen fixation"" means the uptake of nitrogen gas directly from the atmosphere. The representation of fixed nitrogen is model dependent, with the nitrogen entering either vegetation, soil or both. ""Vegetation"" means any living plants e.g. trees, shrubs, grass. The phrase ""expressed_as"" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. ""Nitrogen compounds"" summarizes all chemical species containing nitrogen atoms. The list of individual species that are included in this quantity can vary between models. Where possible, the data variable should be accompanied by a complete description of the species represented, for example, by using a comment attribute. The specification of a physical process by the phrase ""due_to_"" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase.";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;fCLandToOcean; ;no;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Lateral transfer of carbon out of gridcell that eventually goes into ocean";"leached carbon etc that goes into run off or river routing and finds its way into ocean should be reported here.";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;fDeforestToProduct; ;no;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Deforested biomass that goes into product pool as a result of anthropogenic land use change";"When land use change results in deforestation of natural vegetation (trees or grasslands) then natural biomass is removed. The treatment of deforested biomass differs significantly across models, but it should be straight-forward to compare deforested biomass across models.";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;fFire;COL_FIRE_CLOSS;partly;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Carbon Mass Flux into Atmosphere due to CO2 Emission from Fire";"CO2 emissions (expressed as a carbon mass flux per unit area) from natural fires and human ignition fires as calculated by the fire module of the dynamic vegetation model, but excluding any CO2 flux from fire included in fLuc (CO2 Flux to Atmosphere from Land Use Change).";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;fFireNat; ;no;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Carbon Mass Flux into Atmosphere due to CO2 Emission from natural Fire";"CO2 emissions from natural fires";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;fGrazing; ;no;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Carbon Mass Flux into Atmosphere due to Grazing on Land";"Carbon mass flux per unit area due to grazing on land";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;fHarvest;WOOD_HARVESTC;partly;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Carbon Mass Flux into Atmosphere due to Crop Harvesting";"Carbon mass flux per unit area due to crop harvesting";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;fHarvestToProduct; ;no;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Harvested biomass that goes into product pool";"be it food or wood harvest, any carbon that is subsequently stored is reported here";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;fLitterSoil; ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Total Carbon Mass Flux from Litter to Soil";"Carbon mass flux per unit area into soil from litter (dead plant material in or above the soil).";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;fLuc; ; ;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,VolMIP;mon;"Net Carbon Mass Flux into Atmosphere due to Land Use Change";"Carbon mass flux per unit area into atmosphere due to human changes to land (excluding forest regrowth) accounting possibly for different time-scales related to fate of the wood, for example.";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;fLulccAtmLut; ; ;LUMIP;mon;"carbon transferred directly to atmosphere due to any land-use or land-cover change activities including deforestation or agricultural fire";"This annual mean flux refers to the transfer of carbon directly to the atmosphere due to any land-use or land-cover change activities.  Include carbon transferred due to deforestation or agricultural directly into atmosphere, and  emissions form anthropogenic pools into atmosphere";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;fLulccProductLut; ; ;LUMIP;mon;"carbon harvested due to land-use or land-cover change process that enters anthropogenic product pools on tile";"This annual mean flux refers to the transfer of carbon primarily through harvesting land use into anthropogenic product pools, e.g.,deforestation or wood harvestingfrom primary or secondary lands, food harvesting on croplands, harvesting (grazing) by animals on pastures.";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;fLulccResidueLut; ; ;LUMIP;mon;"carbon transferred to soil or litter pools due to land-use or land-cover change processes on tile";"This annual mean flux refers to the transfer of carbon into soil or litter pools due to any land use or land-cover change activities";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;fN2O; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Total land N2O flux";"";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;fNAnthDisturb; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"nitrogen mass flux out of land due to any human activity";"will require some careful definition to make sure we capture everything - any human activity that releases nitrogen from land  instead of into product pool goes here. E.g. Deforestation fire, harvest assumed to decompose straight away, grazing...";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;fNLandToOcean; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Lateral transfer of nitrogen out of gridcell that eventually goes into ocean";"leached nitrogen etc that goes into run off or river routing and finds its way into ocean should be reported here.";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;fNLitterSoil; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Total Nitrogen Mass Flux from Litter to Soil";"In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics. ""Litter"" is dead plant material in or above the soil.";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;fNProduct; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Deforested or harvested biomass as a result of anthropogenic land use or change";"When land use change results in deforestation of natural vegetation (trees or grasslands) then natural biomass is removed. The treatment of deforested biomass differs significantly across models, but it should be straight-forward to compare deforested biomass across models.";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;fNVegLitter; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Total Nitrogen Mass Flux from Vegetation to Litter";"In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics. ""Litter"" is dead plant material in or above the soil. ""Vegetation"" means any living plants e.g. trees, shrubs, grass.";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;fNVegSoil; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Total Nitrogen Mass Flux from Vegetation Directly to Soil";"In some models part of nitrogen (e.g., root exudate) can go directly into the soil pool without entering litter.";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;fNdep; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Dry and Wet Deposition of Reactive Nitrogen onto Land";"""Content"" indicates a quantity per unit area. The ""atmosphere content"" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface to the top of the atmosphere. For the content between specified levels in the atmosphere, standard names including ""content_of_atmosphere_layer"" are used. ""tendency_of_X"" means derivative of X with respect to time. The phrase ""expressed_as"" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. The specification of a physical process by the phrase ""due_to_"" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. ""Deposition"" is the sum of wet and dry deposition. ""Nitrogen compounds"" summarizes all chemical species containing nitrogen atoms. Usually, particle bound and gaseous nitrogen compounds, such as atomic nitrogen (N), nitrogen monoxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5), nitric acid (HNO3), nitrate (NO3-), peroxynitric acid (HNO4), ammonia (NH3), ammonium (NH4+), bromine nitrate (BrONO2), chlorine nitrate (ClONO2) and organic nitrates (most notably peroxyacetyl nitrate, sometimes referred to as PAN, (CH3COO2NO2)) are included. The list of individual species that are included in this quantity can vary between models. Where possible, the data variable should be accompanied by a complete description of the species represented, for example, by using a comment attribute.";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;fNfert; ;no;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"total N added for cropland fertilisation (artificial and manure)";"relative to total land area of a grid cell, not relative to agricultural area";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;fNgas; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Total Nitrogen lost to the atmosphere (sum of NHx, NOx, N2O, N2)";"";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;fNleach; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Total N loss to leaching or runoff (sum of ammonium, nitrite and nitrate)";"In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics. The specification of a physical process by the phrase ""due_to_"" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. ""Leaching"" means the loss of water soluble chemical species from soil. Runoff is the liquid water which drains from land. If not specified, ""runoff"" refers to the sum of surface runoff and subsurface drainage.";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;fNloss; ;no;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Total N lost (including NHx, NOx, N2O, N2 and leaching)";"Not all models split losses into gasesous and leaching";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;fNnetmin; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Net nitrogen release from soil and litter as the outcome of nitrogen immobilisation and gross mineralisation";"";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;fNup; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"total plant nitrogen uptake (sum of ammonium and nitrate), irrespective of the source of nitrogen";"";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;fProductDecomp; ;no;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Decomposition out of Product Pools to CO2 in Atmosphere";"""tendency_of_X"" means derivative of X with respect to time. The phrase ""expressed_as"" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. The chemical formula for carbon dioxide is CO2. ""Content"" indicates a quantity per unit area. The ""atmosphere content"" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface to the top of the atmosphere. For the content between specified levels in the atmosphere, standard names including ""content_of_atmosphere_layer"" are used. The specification of a physical process by the phrase ""due_to_"" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. ""Emission"" means emission from a primary source located anywhere within the atmosphere, including at the lower boundary (i.e. the surface of the earth). ""Emission"" is a process entirely distinct from ""re-emission"" which is used in some standard names. Examples of ""forestry and agricultural products"" are paper, cardboard, furniture, timber for construction, biofuels and food for both humans and livestock. Models that simulate land use changes have one or more pools of carbon that represent these products in order to conserve carbon and allow its eventual release into the atmosphere, for example, when the products decompose in landfill sites.";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;fProductDecompLut; ; ;LUMIP;mon;"flux from wood and agricultural product pools on land use tile into atmosphere";"If  a model has explicit anthropogenic product pools by land use tile";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;fVegLitter;LITFALL;partly;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Total Carbon Mass Flux from Vegetation to Litter";"alias::litter_carbon_flux";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;fVegSoil;LITR1C_TO_SOIL1C+LITR2C_TO_SOIL2C+LITR3C_TO_SOIL3C;partly;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Total Carbon Mass Flux from Vegetation Directly to Soil";"Carbon mass flux per unit area from vegetation directly into soil, without intermediate conversion to litter.";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;fahLut; ; ;LUMIP;mon;"Anthropogenic heat flux generated from non-renewable human primary energy consumption, including energy use by vehicles, commercial and residential buildings, industry, and power plants.  Primary energy refers to energy in natural resources, fossil and nonfossil, before conversion into other forms, such as electricity.";"The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. ""Upward"" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). The vertical heat flux in air is the sum of all heat fluxes i.e. radiative, latent and sensible. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics. The specification of a physical process by the phrase ""due_to_"" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. ""Anthropogenic"" means influenced, caused, or created by human activity. The heat flux due to anthropogenic energy consumption results from non-renewable human primary energy consumption, including energy use by vehicles, commercial and residential buildings, industry, and power plants. Primary energy refers to energy in natural resources, fossil and non-fossil, before conversion into other forms, such as electricity.";W m-2
1;land;fldcapacity; ;no;LS3MIP;fx;"Field Capacity";"""Condensed water"" means liquid and ice. ""Volume fraction"" is used in the construction volume_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. The field capacity of soil is the maximum content of water it can retain against gravitational drainage.";%
1;land;fracInLut; ;no;LUMIP;yr;"annual gross fraction that was transferred into this tile from other land use tiles";"cumulative fractional transitions over the year; note that fraction should be reported as fraction of atmospheric grid cell";%
1;land;fracLut; ;no;LUMIP;mon,yrPt;"fraction of grid cell for each land use tile";"end of year values (not annual mean); note that fraction should be reported as fraction of land grid cell (example: frac_lnd = 0.5, frac_ocn = 0.5, frac_crop_lnd = 0.2 (of land portion of grid cell), then frac_lut(crop) = 0.5*0.2 = 0.1)";%
1;land;fracOutLut; ;no;LUMIP;yr;"annual gross fraction of land use tile  that was transferred into other land use tiles";"cumulative fractional transitions over the year; note that fraction should be reported as fraction of atmospheric grid cell";%
1;land;gpp;GPP;partly;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;3hr,mon;"Carbon Mass Flux out of Atmosphere due to Gross Primary Production on Land";"""Production of carbon"" means the production of biomass expressed as the mass of carbon which it contains. Gross primary production is the rate of synthesis of biomass from inorganic precursors by autotrophs (""producers""), for example, photosynthesis in plants or phytoplankton. The producers also respire some of this biomass and the difference is ""net_primary_production"". ""Productivity"" means production per unit area. The phrase ""expressed_as"" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A.";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;gppLut; ; ;LUMIP;mon;"gross primary productivity on land use tile";"""Production of carbon"" means the production of biomass expressed as the mass of carbon which it contains. Gross primary production is the rate of synthesis of biomass from inorganic precursors by autotrophs (""producers""), for example, photosynthesis in plants or phytoplankton. The producers also respire some of this biomass and the difference is ""net_primary_production"". ""Productivity"" means production per unit area. The phrase ""expressed_as"" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A.";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;grassFrac; ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon,yr;"Natural Grass Area Percentage";"Percentage of entire grid cell that is covered by natural grass.";%
1;land;grassFracC3; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"C3 grass Area Percentage";"Fraction of entire grid cell covered by C3 grass.";%
1;land;grassFracC4; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"C4 grass Area Percentage";"Fraction of entire grid cell covered by C4 grass.";%
1;land;hfdsn; ; ;C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,VolMIP;day,mon;"Downward Heat Flux into Snow Where Land over Land";"the net downward heat flux from the atmosphere into the snow that lies on land divided by the land area in the grid cell; reported as 0.0 for snow-free land regions or where the land fraction is 0.";W m-2
1;land;hflsIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Surface Upward Latent Heat Flux";"Upward latent heat flux from the ice sheet surface";W m-2
1;land;hflsLut; ; ;LUMIP;mon;"latent heat flux on land use tile";"The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. ""Upward"" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). The surface latent heat flux is the exchange of heat between the surface and the air on account of evaporation (including sublimation). In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics.";W m-2
1;land;hfssIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Surface Upward Sensible Heat Flux";"Upward sensible heat flux from the ice sheet surface";W m-2
1;land;hfssLut; ; ;LUMIP;mon;"sensible heat flux on land use tile";"The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. ""Upward"" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). The surface sensible heat flux, also called ""turbulent"" heat flux, is the exchange of heat between the surface and the air by motion of air. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics. Unless indicated in the cell_methods attribute, a quantity is assumed to apply to the whole area of each horizontal grid box. Previously, the qualifier where_type was used to specify that the quantity applies only to the part of the grid box of the named type.  Names containing the where_type qualifier are deprecated and newly created data should use the cell_methods attribute to indicate the horizontal area to which the quantity applies.";W m-2
1;land;hussLut; ; ;LUMIP;mon;"near-surface specific humidity on land use tile";"Normally, the specific humidity should be reported at the 2 meter height";1
1;land;irrLut; ; ;LUMIP;mon;"Irrigation flux including any irrigation for crops, trees, pasture, or urban lawns";"""Downward"" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (negative upward). The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics. The specification of a physical process by the phrase ""due_to_"" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. ""Irrigation"" includes water used to sustain crops, trees, pastures and urban lawns.";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;ksat; ;no;LS3MIP;fx;"Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity";"Hydraulic conductivity is the constant k in Darcy's Law q=-k grad h for fluid flow q (volume transport per unit area i.e. velocity) through a porous medium, where h is the hydraulic head (pressure expressed as an equivalent depth of water).";1e-6 m s-1
1;land;lai;TLAI;partly;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;day,mon;"Leaf Area Index";"""X_area"" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell.";1
1;land;laiLut; ; ;LUMIP;mon;"Leaf Area Index on Land Use Tile";"Note that if tile does not model lai, for example, on the urban tile, then should be reported as missing value";1
1;land;modelCellAreai; ;no;ISMIP6;yr;"The cell area of the icesheet model";"Horizontal area of ice-sheet grid cells";m2
1;land;mrfso;SOILICE;partly;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Soil Frozen Water Content";"The mass per unit area (summed over all model layers) of frozen water.";kg m-2
1;land;mrfsofr; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Average layer fraction of frozen moisture";"Fraction of soil moisture mass in the solid phase in each user-defined soil layer (3D variable)";1
1;land;mrlqso; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Average layer fraction of liquid moisture";"Fraction of soil moisture mass in the liquid phase in each user-defined soil layer (3D variable)";1
1;land;mrlso;SOILLIQ;partly;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Soil Liquid Water Content";"The mass (summed over all all layers) of liquid water.";kg m-2
1;land;mrro;QRUNOFF+QSNWCPICE;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;3hr,day,mon;"Total Run-off";"The total run-off (including drainage through the base of the soil model) per unit area leaving the land portion of the grid cell.";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;mrroIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Total Run-off";"The total run-off (including drainage through the base of the soil model) per unit area leaving the land portion of the grid cell.";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;mrroLut; ; ;LUMIP;mon;"Total runoff from land use tile";"the total runoff (including ""drainage"" through the base of the soil model) leaving the land use tile portion of the grid cell";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;mrrob; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Subsurface runoff";"Runoff is the liquid water which drains from land. If not specified, ""runoff"" refers to the sum of surface runoff and subsurface drainage. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics.";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;mrros;QOVER;partly;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;day,mon;"Surface Run off";"The total surface run off leaving the land portion of the grid cell (excluding drainage through the base of the soil model).";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;mrsfl;SOILICE;partly;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;day,mon;"Frozen water content of soil layer";"in each soil layer, the mass of water in ice phase.  Reported as ""missing"" for grid cells occupied entirely by ""sea""";kg m-2
1;land;mrsll;SOILLIQ ;partly;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;day,mon;"Liquid water content of soil layer";"in each soil layer, the mass of water in liquid phase.  Reported as ""missing"" for grid cells occupied entirely by ""sea""";kg m-2
1;land;mrso;SOILLIQ+SOILICE;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;day,mon;"Total Soil Moisture Content";"the mass per unit area  (summed over all soil layers) of water in all phases.";kg m-2
1;land;mrsoLut; ; ;LUMIP;mon;"Total soil moisture";"alias::soil_moisture_content";kg m-2
1;land;mrsofc; ;no;CMIP,DCPP,LS3MIP,PMIP;fx;"Capacity of Soil to Store Water (Field Capacity)";"The bulk water content retained by the soil at -33 J/kg of suction pressure, expressed as mass per unit land area; report as missing where there is no land";kg m-2
1;land;mrsol;SOILLIQ+SOILICE;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;6hr,day,mon;"Total water content of soil layer";"in each soil layer, the mass of water in all phases, including ice.  Reported as ""missing"" for grid cells occupied entirely by ""sea""";kg m-2
1;land;mrsos;SOILWATER_10CM;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;3hrPt,6hr,day,mon;"Moisture in Upper Portion of Soil Column";"The mass of water in all phases in the upper 10cm of the  soil layer.";kg m-2
1;land;mrsosLut; ; ;LUMIP;mon;"Moisture in Upper Portion of Soil Column of land use tile";"the mass of water in all phases in a thin surface layer; integrate over uppermost 10cm";kg m-2
1;land;mrsow; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Total Soil Wetness";"Vertically integrated soil moisture divided by maximum allowable soil moisture above wilting point.";1
1;land;mrtws; ; ;C4MIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;day,mon;"Terrestrial Water Storage";"Mass of water in all phases and in all components including soil, canopy, vegetation, ice sheets, rivers and ground water.";kg m-2
1;land;nLand; ;no;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Total nitrogen in all terrestrial nitrogen pools";"Report missing data over ocean grid cells. For fractional land report value averaged over the land fraction.";kg m-2
1;land;nLitter; ;no;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Nitrogen Mass in Litter Pool";"Report missing data over ocean grid cells. For fractional land report value averaged over the land fraction.";kg m-2
1;land;nMineral; ;no;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Mineral nitrogen in the soil";"SUM of ammonium, nitrite, nitrate, etc over all soil layers";kg m-2
1;land;nProduct; ;no;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Nitrogen Mass in Products of Land Use Change";"Report missing data over ocean grid cells. For fractional land report value averaged over the land fraction.";kg m-2
1;land;nSoil; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Nitrogen Mass in Soil Pool";"Report missing data over ocean grid cells. For fractional land report value averaged over the land fraction.";kg m-2
1;land;nVeg; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Nitrogen Mass in Vegetation";"Report missing data over ocean grid cells. For fractional land report value averaged over the land fraction.";kg m-2
1;land;nbp;NBP;partly;AerChemMIP,CMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Carbon Mass Flux out of Atmosphere due to Net Biospheric Production on Land";"This is the net mass flux of carbon from atmosphere into land, calculated as photosynthesis MINUS the sum of  plant and soil respiration, carbon fluxes from fire, harvest, grazing  and land use change. Positive flux is into the land.";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;necbLut; ; ;LUMIP;mon;"net rate of C accumulation (or loss) on land use tile";"Computed as npp minus heterotrophic respiration minus fire minus C leaching minus harvesting/clearing. Positive rate is into the land, negative rate is from the land.  Do not include fluxes from anthropogenic product pools to atmosphere";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;nep; ; ;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,VolMIP;mon;"Net Carbon Mass Flux out of Atmosphere due to Net Ecosystem Productivity on Land.";"Natural flux of CO2 (expressed as a mass flux of carbon) from the atmosphere to the land calculated as the difference between uptake associated will photosynthesis and the release of CO2 from the sum of plant and soil respiration and fire.  Positive flux is into the land.  emissions from natural fires and human ignition fires as calculated by the fire module of the dynamic vegetation model, but excluding any CO2 flux from fire included in fLuc (CO2 Flux to Atmosphere from Land Use Change).";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;netAtmosLandCO2Flux; ; ;C4MIP,DCPP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Net flux of CO2 between atmosphere and land (positive into land) as a result of all processes.";"This flux should be reproducible by differencing the sum of all carbon pools (cVeg, cLitter, cSoil, and cProducts or equivalently cLand) from one time step to the next, except in the case of lateral transfer of carbon due to harvest, riverine transport of dissolved organic and/or inorganic carbon, or any other process (in which case the lateral_carbon_transfer_over_land term, see below, will be zero data).";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;npp;NPP;partly;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Carbon Mass Flux out of Atmosphere due to Net Primary Production on Land";"""Production of carbon"" means the production of biomass expressed as the mass of carbon which it contains. Net primary production is the excess of gross primary production (rate of synthesis of biomass from inorganic precursors) by autotrophs (""producers""), for example, photosynthesis in plants or phytoplankton, over the rate at which the autotrophs themselves respire some of this biomass. ""Productivity"" means production per unit area. The phrase ""expressed_as"" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A.";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;nppLut; ; ;LUMIP;mon;"net primary productivity on land use tile";"""Production of carbon"" means the production of biomass expressed as the mass of carbon which it contains. Net primary production is the excess of gross primary production (rate of synthesis of biomass from inorganic precursors) by autotrophs (""producers""), for example, photosynthesis in plants or phytoplankton, over the rate at which the autotrophs themselves respire some of this biomass. ""Productivity"" means production per unit area. The phrase ""expressed_as"" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A.";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;nudgincsm; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Nudging Increment of Water in Soil Moisture";"";kg m-2
1;land;nudgincswe; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Nudging Increment of Water in Snow";"";kg m-2
1;land;nwdFracLut; ; ;LUMIP;mon;"Percentage of land use tile tile that is non-woody vegetation ( e.g. herbaceous crops)";"""Area fraction"" means the fraction of horizontal area. To specify which area is quantified by a variable of ""area_fraction"", provide a coordinate variable or scalar coordinate variable of ""area_type"". Alternatively, if one is defined, use a more specific standard name of ""X_area_fraction"" for the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X.";%
1;land;orog;PHIS;yes;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DCPP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,PMIP;fx,mon,yr;"surface altitude";"The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. Altitude is the (geometric) height above the geoid, which is the reference geopotential surface. The geoid is similar to mean sea level.";m
1;land;orogIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Surface Altitude";"The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. Altitude is the (geometric) height above the geoid, which is the reference geopotential surface. The geoid is similar to mean sea level.";m
1;land;pastureFrac; ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Percentage of Land which is Anthropogenic Pasture";"Percentage of entire grid cell  that is covered by anthropogenic pasture.";%
1;land;prraIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Rainfall rate";"Rainfall rate over the ice sheet";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;prsnIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Snowfall Flux";"at surface; includes precipitation of all forms of water in the solid phase";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;qgwr; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Groundwater recharge from soil layer";"";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;ra;AR;partly;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;3hr,mon;"Carbon Mass Flux into Atmosphere due to Autotrophic (Plant) Respiration on Land";"Carbon mass flux per unit area into atmosphere due to autotrophic respiration on land (respiration by producers) [see rh for heterotrophic production]";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;raLut; ; ;LUMIP;mon;"plant respiration on land use tile";"alias::plant_respiration_carbon_flux";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;residualFrac; ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon,yr;"Percentage of Grid Cell that is Land but Neither Vegetation-Covered nor Bare Soil";"Percentage of entire grid cell  that is land and is covered by  neither vegetation nor bare-soil (e.g., urban, ice, lakes, etc.)";%
1;land;rh;HR;partly;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;3hr,mon;"Carbon Mass Flux into Atmosphere due to Heterotrophic Respiration on Land";"Carbon mass flux per unit area into atmosphere due to heterotrophic respiration on land (respiration by consumers)";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;rhLut; ; ;LUMIP;mon;"soil heterotrophic respiration on land use tile";"alias::heterotrophic_respiration_carbon_flux";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;rivi; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"River Inflow";"Inflow of River Water into Cell";m3 s-1
1;land;rivo; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"River Discharge";"Outflow of River Water from Cell";m3 s-1
1;land;rldsIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Surface Downwelling Longwave Radiation";"The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. ""longwave"" means longwave radiation. Downwelling radiation is radiation from above. It does not mean ""net downward"". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called ""irradiance"". In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called ""vector irradiance"". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics.";W m-2
1;land;rlusIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Surface Upwelling Longwave Radiation";"The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. ""longwave"" means longwave radiation. Upwelling radiation is radiation from below. It does not mean ""net upward"". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called ""irradiance"". In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called ""vector irradiance"". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics.";W m-2
1;land;rlusLut; ; ;LUMIP;mon;"Surface Upwelling Longwave on Land Use Tile";"The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. ""longwave"" means longwave radiation. Upwelling radiation is radiation from below. It does not mean ""net upward"". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called ""irradiance"". In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called ""vector irradiance"". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics.";W m-2
1;land;rootd; ;no;CMIP,DCPP,LS3MIP,PMIP;fx;"Maximum Root Depth";"report the maximum soil depth reachable by plant roots (if defined in model), i.e., the maximum soil depth from which they can extract moisture; report as *missing* where the land fraction is 0.";m
1;land;rootdsl; ;no;LS3MIP;fx;"Root Distribution";"";kg m-3
1;land;rsdsIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Surface Downwelling Shortwave Radiation";"Surface solar irradiance for UV calculations";W m-2
1;land;rsusIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Surface Upwelling Shortwave Radiation";"The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. ""shortwave"" means shortwave radiation. Upwelling radiation is radiation from below. It does not mean ""net upward"". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called ""irradiance"". In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called ""vector irradiance"". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics.";W m-2
1;land;rsusLut; ; ;LUMIP;mon;"Surface Upwelling Shortwave  on Land Use Tile";"The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. ""shortwave"" means shortwave radiation. Upwelling radiation is radiation from below. It does not mean ""net upward"". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called ""irradiance"". In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called ""vector irradiance"". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics.";W m-2
1;land;rzwc; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Root zone soil moisture";"";kg m-2
1;land;sandfrac; ;no;LS3MIP;fx;"Sand Fraction";"""Volume fraction"" is used in the construction volume_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.";1
1;land;sbl; ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;3hrPt,day,mon,subhrPt;"Surface Snow and Ice Sublimation Flux";"The snow and ice sublimation flux is the loss of snow and ice mass per unit area from the surface resulting from their direct conversion to water vapor that enters the atmosphere.";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;sblIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Surface Snow and Ice Sublimation Flux";"The snow and ice sublimation flux is the loss of snow and ice mass per unit area from the surface resulting from their direct conversion to water vapor that enters the atmosphere.";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;sftgif;PCT_GLACIER*0.01;yes;CMIP,DCPP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,PMIP;fx,mon,yr;"Land Ice Area Fraction";"Fraction of grid cell covered by land ice (ice sheet, ice shelf, ice cap, glacier)";%
1;land;sftgrf; ;no;ISMIP6;fx,mon,yr;"Grounded Ice Sheet  Area Fraction";"Fraction of grid cell covered by grounded ice sheet";%
1;land;shrubFrac; ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon,yr;"Percentage Cover by Shrub";"Percentage of entire grid cell  that is covered by shrub.";%
1;land;slthick; ;no;LS3MIP;fx;"Thickness of Soil Layers";"""Thickness"" means the vertical extent of a layer. ""Cell"" refers to a model grid-cell.";m
1;land;snc;FSNO;partly;C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;day,mon,yr;"Snow Area Fraction";"Fraction of each grid cell that is occupied by snow that rests on land portion of cell.";%
1;land;sncIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Snow Cover Percentage";"Percentage of each grid cell that is occupied by snow that rests on land portion of cell.";%
1;land;snd; ; ;C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;day,mon;"Snow Depth";"where land over land, this is computed as the mean thickness of snow in the land portion of the grid cell (averaging over the entire land portion, including the snow-free fraction).  Reported as 0.0 where the land fraction is 0.";m
1;land;snm; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;day,mon;"Surface Snow Melt";"The total surface snow melt rate on the land portion of the grid cell divided by the land area in the grid cell; report as zero for snow-free land regions and missing where there is no land.";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;snmIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Surface Snow Melt";"The total surface snow melt rate on the land portion of the grid cell divided by the land area in the grid cell; report as zero for snow-free land regions and missing where there is no land.";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;snw;check if merged land sea-ice snw exists!;no;C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;6hrPt,day,mon;"Surface Snow Amount";"The mass of surface snow on the land portion of the grid cell divided by the land area in the grid cell; reported as missing where the land fraction is 0; excludes snow on vegetation canopy or on sea ice.";kg m-2
1;land;sw; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Surface Water Storage";"Total liquid water storage, other than soil, snow or interception storage (i.e. lakes, river channel or depression storage).";kg m-2
1;land;sweLut; ; ;LUMIP;mon;"snow water equivalent on land use tile";"The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. ""lwe"" means liquid water equivalent. ""Amount"" means mass per unit area. The construction lwe_thickness_of_X_amount or _content means the vertical extent of a layer of liquid water having the same mass per unit area. Surface amount refers to the amount on the ground, excluding that on the plant or vegetation canopy.";m
1;land;tasIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Near-Surface Air Temperature";"near-surface (usually, 2 meter) air temperature";K
1;land;tasLut; ; ;LUMIP;mon;"near-surface air temperature (2m above displacement height, i.e. t_ref) on land use tile";"Air temperature is the bulk temperature of the air, not the surface (skin) temperature.";K
1;land;tcs; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Vegetation Canopy Temperature";"Vegetation temperature, averaged over all vegetation types";K
1;land;tgs; ; ;LS3MIP;day;"Temperature of bare soil";"Surface bare soil temperature";K
1;land;tran;QVEGT;partly;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;day,mon;"Transpiration";"Transpiration (may include dew formation as a negative flux).";kg m-2 s-1
1;land;treeFrac; ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon,yr;"Percentage Tree Cover";"Percentage of entire grid cell  that is covered by trees.";%
1;land;treeFracBdlDcd; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Broadleaf deciduous tree fraction";"This is the fraction of the entire grid cell  that is covered by broadleaf deciduous trees.";%
1;land;treeFracBdlEvg; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Broadleaf evergreen tree fraction";"This is the fraction of the entire grid cell  that is covered by broadleaf evergreen trees.";%
1;land;treeFracNdlDcd; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Needleleaf deciduous tree fraction";"This is the fraction of the entire grid cell  that is covered by needleleaf deciduous trees.";%
1;land;treeFracNdlEvg; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Needleleaf evergreen tree fraction";"This is the fraction of the entire grid cell  that is covered by needleleaf evergreen trees.";%
1;land;tsIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Surface Temperature";"Temperature of the lower boundary of the atmosphere";K
1;land;tslsi;TS;yes;CFMIP,CMIP,CORDEX,DAMIP,HighResMIP,PMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;3hrPt,day;"Surface Temperature where Land or Sea Ice";"Surface temperature of all surfaces except open ocean.";K
1;land;tslsiLut; ; ;LUMIP;mon;"Surface Temperature on Landuse Tile";"Surface temperature (i.e. temperature at which long-wave radiation emitted)";K
1;land;tsn; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;day,mon;"Snow Internal Temperature";"This temperature is averaged over all the snow in the grid cell that rests on land or land ice.  When computing the time-mean here, the time samples, weighted by the mass of snow on the land portion of the grid cell, are accumulated and then divided by the sum of the weights.   Reported as missing in regions free of snow on land.";K
1;land;tsnIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Snow Internal Temperature";"This temperature is averaged over all the snow in the grid cell that rests on land or land ice.  When computing the time-mean here, the time samples, weighted by the mass of snow on the land portion of the grid cell, are accumulated and then divided by the sum of the weights.   Reported as missing in regions free of snow on land.";K
1;land;vegFrac; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Total vegetated fraction";"fraction of grid cell that is covered by vegetation.This SHOULD be the sum of tree, grass, crop and shrub fractions.";%
1;land;wilt; ;no;LS3MIP;fx;"Wilting Point";"""Condensed water"" means liquid and ice. ""Volume fraction"" is used in the construction volume_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y. The wilting point of soil is the water content below which plants cannot extract sufficient water to balance their loss through transpiration.";%
1;land;wtd; ; ;C4MIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP;day,mon;"Water table depth";"Depth is the vertical distance below the surface. The water table is the surface below which the soil is saturated with water such that all pore spaces are filled.";m
1;landIce;agesno; ; ;C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,VolMIP;day,mon;"Mean Age of Snow";"Age of Snow (when computing the time-mean here, the time samples, weighted by the mass of snow on the land portion of the grid cell, are accumulated and then divided by the sum of the weights.  Reported as missing data in regions free of snow on land.";day
1;landIce;hfdsn; ; ;C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,VolMIP;day,mon;"Downward Heat Flux into Snow Where Land over Land";"the net downward heat flux from the atmosphere into the snow that lies on land divided by the land area in the grid cell; reported as 0.0 for snow-free land regions or where the land fraction is 0.";W m-2
1;landIce;hflsIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Surface Upward Latent Heat Flux";"Upward latent heat flux from the ice sheet surface";W m-2
1;landIce;hfssIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Surface Upward Sensible Heat Flux";"Upward sensible heat flux from the ice sheet surface";W m-2
1;landIce;modelCellAreai; ;no;ISMIP6;yr;"The cell area of the icesheet model";"Horizontal area of ice-sheet grid cells";m2
1;landIce;mrfso;SOILICE;partly;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Soil Frozen Water Content";"The mass per unit area (summed over all model layers) of frozen water.";kg m-2
1;landIce;mrroIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Total Run-off";"The total run-off (including drainage through the base of the soil model) per unit area leaving the land portion of the grid cell.";kg m-2 s-1
1;landIce;orogIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Surface Altitude";"The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. Altitude is the (geometric) height above the geoid, which is the reference geopotential surface. The geoid is similar to mean sea level.";m
1;landIce;prraIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Rainfall rate";"Rainfall rate over the ice sheet";kg m-2 s-1
1;landIce;prsnIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Snowfall Flux";"at surface; includes precipitation of all forms of water in the solid phase";kg m-2 s-1
1;landIce;rldsIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Surface Downwelling Longwave Radiation";"The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. ""longwave"" means longwave radiation. Downwelling radiation is radiation from above. It does not mean ""net downward"". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called ""irradiance"". In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called ""vector irradiance"". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics.";W m-2
1;landIce;rlusIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Surface Upwelling Longwave Radiation";"The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. ""longwave"" means longwave radiation. Upwelling radiation is radiation from below. It does not mean ""net upward"". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called ""irradiance"". In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called ""vector irradiance"". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics.";W m-2
1;landIce;rsdsIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Surface Downwelling Shortwave Radiation";"Surface solar irradiance for UV calculations";W m-2
1;landIce;rsusIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Surface Upwelling Shortwave Radiation";"The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. ""shortwave"" means shortwave radiation. Upwelling radiation is radiation from below. It does not mean ""net upward"". When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called ""irradiance"". In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called ""vector irradiance"". In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics.";W m-2
1;landIce;sbl; ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;3hrPt,day,mon,subhrPt;"Surface Snow and Ice Sublimation Flux";"The snow and ice sublimation flux is the loss of snow and ice mass per unit area from the surface resulting from their direct conversion to water vapor that enters the atmosphere.";kg m-2 s-1
1;landIce;sblIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Surface Snow and Ice Sublimation Flux";"The snow and ice sublimation flux is the loss of snow and ice mass per unit area from the surface resulting from their direct conversion to water vapor that enters the atmosphere.";kg m-2 s-1
1;landIce;sftgrf; ;no;ISMIP6;fx,mon,yr;"Grounded Ice Sheet  Area Fraction";"Fraction of grid cell covered by grounded ice sheet";%
1;landIce;snc;FSNO;partly;C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;day,mon,yr;"Snow Area Fraction";"Fraction of each grid cell that is occupied by snow that rests on land portion of cell.";%
1;landIce;sncIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Snow Cover Percentage";"Percentage of each grid cell that is occupied by snow that rests on land portion of cell.";%
1;landIce;snd; ; ;C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;day,mon;"Snow Depth";"where land over land, this is computed as the mean thickness of snow in the land portion of the grid cell (averaging over the entire land portion, including the snow-free fraction).  Reported as 0.0 where the land fraction is 0.";m
1;landIce;snm; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;day,mon;"Surface Snow Melt";"The total surface snow melt rate on the land portion of the grid cell divided by the land area in the grid cell; report as zero for snow-free land regions and missing where there is no land.";kg m-2 s-1
1;landIce;snmIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Surface Snow Melt";"The total surface snow melt rate on the land portion of the grid cell divided by the land area in the grid cell; report as zero for snow-free land regions and missing where there is no land.";kg m-2 s-1
1;landIce;snw;check if merged land sea-ice snw exists!;no;C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;6hrPt,day,mon;"Surface Snow Amount";"The mass of surface snow on the land portion of the grid cell divided by the land area in the grid cell; reported as missing where the land fraction is 0; excludes snow on vegetation canopy or on sea ice.";kg m-2
1;landIce;tasIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Near-Surface Air Temperature";"near-surface (usually, 2 meter) air temperature";K
1;landIce;tsIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Surface Temperature";"Temperature of the lower boundary of the atmosphere";K
1;landIce;tsn; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,LUMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;day,mon;"Snow Internal Temperature";"This temperature is averaged over all the snow in the grid cell that rests on land or land ice.  When computing the time-mean here, the time samples, weighted by the mass of snow on the land portion of the grid cell, are accumulated and then divided by the sum of the weights.   Reported as missing in regions free of snow on land.";K
1;landIce;tsnIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Snow Internal Temperature";"This temperature is averaged over all the snow in the grid cell that rests on land or land ice.  When computing the time-mean here, the time samples, weighted by the mass of snow on the land portion of the grid cell, are accumulated and then divided by the sum of the weights.   Reported as missing in regions free of snow on land.";K
1;ocean;O18sw; ; ;PMIP;mon;"O18 in sea water";"Roche - LSCE";
1;ocean;agessc;idlage, idlagelvl;partly;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;dec,mon;"Sea Water Age Since Surface Contact";"Time elapsed since water was last in surface layer of the ocean.";yr
1;ocean;areacello;parea;partly;CMIP,DCPP,OMIP,PMIP;fx;"Grid-Cell Area for Ocean Variables";"Horizontal area of ocean grid cells";m2
1;ocean;basin;pmask, mertraoceans;partly;CFMIP,CMIP,DCPP,OMIP,PMIP;fx;"Region Selection Index";"A variable with the standard name of region contains strings which indicate geographical regions. These strings must be chosen from the standard region list.";1
1;ocean;bigthetao; ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;dec,mon;"Sea Water Conservative Temperature";"Sea water conservative temperature (this should be contributed only for models using conservative temperature as prognostic field)";degC
1;ocean;bigthetaoga; ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;dec,mon;"Global Average Sea Water Conservative Temperature";"Diagnostic should be contributed only for models using conservative temperature as prognostic field.";degC
1;ocean;cfc11;cfc11;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Moles Per Unit Mass of CFC-11 in Sea Water";"Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called ""molarity"", and is used in the construction ""mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y"", where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as ""nitrogen"" or a phrase such as ""nox_expressed_as_nitrogen"". The chemical formula of CFC11 is CFCl3. The IUPAC name fof CFC11 is trichloro-fluoro-methane.";mol m-3
1;ocean;cfc12;cfc12;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Mole Concentration of CFC-12 in Sea water";"Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called ""molarity"", and is used in the construction ""mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y"", where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as ""nitrogen"" or a phrase such as ""nox_expressed_as_nitrogen"". The chemical formula for CFC12 is CF2Cl2. The IUPAC name for CFC12 is dichloro-difluoro-methane.";mol m-3
1;ocean;deptho;pdepth;partly;CMIP,DCPP,OMIP,PMIP;fx;"Sea Floor Depth Below Geoid";"Ocean bathymetry.   Reported here is the sea floor depth for present day relative to z=0 geoid. Reported as missing for land grid cells.";m
1;ocean;fgcfc12; ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon;"Surface Downward CFC12 flux";"gas exchange flux of CFC12";mol sec-1 m-2
1;ocean;flandice; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Water flux into Sea Water from Land Ice";"Computed as the water flux into the ocean due to land ice (runoff water from surface and base of land ice or melt from base of ice shelf or vertical ice front) into the ocean divided by the area ocean portion of the grid cell";kg m-2 s-1
1;ocean;fsitherm; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Water Flux into Sea Water due to Sea Ice Thermodynamics";"computed as the sea ice thermodynamic water flux into the ocean divided by the area of the ocean portion of the grid cell.";kg m-2 s-1
1;ocean;hcont300; ; ;PMIP;mon;"Heat content of upper 300 meters";"Used in PMIP2";m K
1;ocean;hfbasin;mhflx;partly;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VolMIP;dec,mon;"Northward Ocean Heat Transport";"Contains contributions from all physical processes affecting the northward heat transport, including resolved advection, parameterized advection, lateral diffusion, etc. Diagnosed here as a function of latitude and basin.   Use Celsius for temperature scale.";W
1;ocean;hfbasinpadv; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"northward ocean heat transport due to parameterized eddy advection";"Contributions to heat transport from parameterized eddy-induced advective transport due to any subgrid advective process. Diagnosed here as a function of latitude and basin.  Use Celsius for temperature scale.";W
1;ocean;hfbasinpmadv; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"northward ocean heat transport due to parameterized mesoscale advection";"Contributions to heat transport from parameterized mesoscale eddy-induced advective transport. Diagnosed here as a function of latitude and basin.  Use Celsius for temperature scale.";W
1;ocean;hfbasinpmdiff; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"northward ocean heat transport due to parameterized mesoscale diffusion";"Contributions to heat transport from parameterized mesoscale eddy-induced diffusive transport (i.e., neutral diffusion). Diagnosed here as a function of latitude and basin.";W
1;ocean;hfbasinpsmadv; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"northward ocean heat transport due to parameterized submesoscale advection";"Contributions to heat transport from parameterized mesoscale eddy-induced advective transport. Diagnosed here as a function of latitude and basin.  Use Celsius for temperature scale.";W
1;ocean;hfcorr; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Heat Flux Correction";"Flux correction is also called ""flux adjustment"". A positive flux correction is downward i.e. added to the ocean. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics.";W m-2
1;ocean;hfds;hlfx;partly;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;dec,mon;"Downward Heat Flux at Sea Water Surface";"This is the net flux of heat entering the liquid water column through its upper surface (excluding any ""flux adjustment"") .";W m-2
1;ocean;hfgeou;tidal_dissipation.nc input file ;partly;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,OMIP,PMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;fx,mon;"Upward Geothermal Heat Flux at Sea Floor";"""Upward"" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward).  In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics.";W m-2
1;ocean;hfsifrazil; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VolMIP;mon;"Heat Flux into Sea Water due to Frazil Ice Formation";"In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. ""Frazil"" consists of needle like crystals of ice, typically between three and four millimeters in diameter, which form as sea water begins to freeze. Salt is expelled during the freezing process and frazil ice consists of nearly pure fresh water.";W m-2
1;ocean;masscello;dp;yes; ,AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;dec,fx,mon;"Ocean Grid-Cell Mass per area";"Tracer grid-cell mass per unit area used for computing tracer budgets. For Boussinesq models with static ocean grid cell thickness, masscello = rhozero*thickcello, where thickcello is static cell thickness and rhozero is constant Boussinesq reference density. More generally, masscello is time dependent and reported as part of Omon.";kg m-2
1;ocean;masso;dp;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;dec,mon;"Sea Water Mass";"Total mass of liquid sea water. For Boussinesq models, report this diagnostic as Boussinesq reference density times total volume.";kg
1;ocean;mlotst; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;day,mon;"Ocean Mixed Layer Thickness Defined by Sigma T";"Sigma T is potential density referenced to ocean surface.";m
1;ocean;mlotstmax; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Maximum Ocean Mixed Layer Thickness Defined by Sigma T";"Sigma T is potential density referenced to ocean surface.";m
1;ocean;mlotstmin; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Minimum Ocean Mixed Layer Thickness Defined by Sigma T";"Sigma T is potential density referenced to ocean surface.";m
1;ocean;msftbarot; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Ocean Barotropic Mass Streamfunction";"Streamfunction or its approximation for free surface models. See OMDP document for details.";kg s-1
1;ocean;msftmrho;mmflxl;partly;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VolMIP;dec,mon;"Ocean Meridional Overturning Mass Streamfunction";"Overturning mass streamfunction arising from all advective mass transport processes, resolved and parameterized.";kg s-1
1;ocean;msftmrhompa; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"ocean meridional overturning mass streamfunction due to parameterized mesoscale advection";"CMIP5 called this ""due to Bolus Advection"".  Name change respects the more general physics of the mesoscale parameterizations.";kg s-1
1;ocean;msftmz;mmflxd;partly;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VolMIP;dec,mon;"Ocean Meridional Overturning Mass Streamfunction";"Overturning mass streamfunction arising from all advective mass transport processes, resolved and parameterized.";kg s-1
1;ocean;msftmzmpa; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"ocean meridional overturning mass streamfunction due to parameterized mesoscale advection";"CMIP5 called this ""due to Bolus Advection"".  Name change respects the more general physics of the mesoscale parameterizations.";kg s-1
1;ocean;msftmzsmpa; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"ocean meridional overturning mass streamfunction due to parameterized submesoscale advection";"Report only if there is a submesoscale eddy parameterization.";kg s-1
1;ocean;msftyrho; ;no; ,AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;dec,mon;"Ocean Y Overturning Mass Streamfunction";"Overturning mass streamfunction arising from all advective mass transport processes, resolved and parameterized.";kg s-1
1;ocean;msftyrhompa; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VolMIP;mon;"ocean Y overturning mass streamfunction due to parameterized mesoscale advection";"CMIP5 called this ""due to Bolus Advection"".  Name change respects the more general physics of the mesoscale parameterizations.";kg s-1
1;ocean;msftyz; ;no; ,AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;dec,mon;"Ocean Y Overturning Mass Streamfunction";"Overturning mass streamfunction arising from all advective mass transport processes, resolved and parameterized.";kg s-1
1;ocean;msftyzmpa; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"ocean Y overturning mass streamfunction due to parameterized mesoscale advection";"CMIP5 called this ""due to Bolus Advection"".  Name change respects the more general physics of the mesoscale parameterizations.";kg s-1
1;ocean;msftyzsmpa; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"ocean Y overturning mass streamfunction due to parameterized submesoscale advection";"Report only if there is a submesoscale eddy parameterization.";kg s-1
1;ocean;obvfsq; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Square of Brunt Vaisala Frequency in Sea Water";"The phrase ""square_of_X"" means X*X. Frequency is the number of oscillations of a wave per unit time. Brunt-Vaisala frequency is also sometimes called ""buoyancy frequency"" and is a measure of the vertical stratification of the medium.";s-2
1;ocean;ocontempmint; ;no;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Depth Integral of Product of Sea Water Density and Conservative Temperature";"Full column sum of density*cell thickness*conservative temperature. If the model is Boussinesq, then use Boussinesq reference density for the density factor.";degC kg m-2
1;ocean;omldamax; ; ;CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,HighResMIP,VolMIP;day;"Mean Daily Maximum Ocean Mixed Layer Thickness Defined by Mixing Scheme";"The ocean mixed layer is the upper part of the ocean, regarded as being well-mixed. The base of the mixed layer defined by the mixing scheme is a diagnostic of ocean models.";m
1;ocean;opottempmint; ;no;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Integral with Respect to Depth of Product of Sea Water Density and Potential Temperature";"The phrase ""integral_wrt_X_of_Y"" means int Y dX. The data variable should have an axis for X specifying the limits of the integral as bounds. The phrase ""wrt"" means ""with respect to"". The phrase ""product_of_X_and_Y"" means X*Y. Depth is the vertical distance below the surface. Sea water density is the in-situ density (not the potential density). For Boussinesq models, density is the constant Boussinesq reference density, a quantity which has the standard name reference_sea_water_density_for_boussinesq_approximation. Potential temperature is the temperature a parcel of air or sea water would have if moved adiabatically to sea level pressure.";degC kg m-2
1;ocean;pabigthetao; ; ;FAFMIP;mon;"Sea Water Added Conservative Temperature";"The quantity with standard name sea_water_added_conservative_temperature is a passive tracer in an ocean model whose surface flux does not come from the atmosphere but is imposed externally upon the simulated climate system. The surface flux is expressed as a heat flux and converted to a passive tracer increment as if it were a heat flux being added to conservative temperature. The passive tracer is transported within the ocean as if it were conservative temperature. The passive tracer is zero in the control climate of the model. The passive tracer records added heat, as described for the CMIP6 FAFMIP experiment (doi:10.5194/gmd-9-3993-2016), following earlier ideas. Conservative Temperature is defined as part of the Thermodynamic Equation of Seawater 2010 (TEOS-10) which was adopted in 2010 by the International Oceanographic Commission (IOC). Conservative Temperature is specific potential enthalpy (which has the standard name sea_water_specific_potential_enthalpy) divided by a fixed value of the specific heat capacity of sea water, namely cp_0 = 3991.86795711963 J kg-1 K-1. Conservative Temperature is a more accurate measure of the ""heat content"" of sea water, by a factor of one hundred, than is potential temperature. Because of this, it can be regarded as being proportional to the heat content of sea water per unit mass. Reference: www.teos-10.org; McDougall, 2003 doi: 10.1175/1520-0485(2003)033<0945:PEACOV>2.0.CO;2.";degC
1;ocean;pathetao; ; ;FAFMIP;mon;"Sea Water Additional Potential Temperature";"The quantity with standard name sea_water_added_potential_temperature is a passive tracer in an ocean model whose surface flux does not come from the atmosphere but is imposed externally upon the simulated climate system. The surface flux is expressed as a heat flux and converted to a passive tracer increment as if it were a heat flux being added to potential temperature. The passive tracer is transported within the ocean as if it were potential temperature. The passive tracer is zero in the control climate of the model. The passive tracer records added heat, as described for the CMIP6 FAFMIP experiment (doi:10.5194/gmd-9-3993-2016), following earlier ideas. Potential temperature is the temperature a parcel of air or sea water would have if moved adiabatically to sea level pressure.";degC
1;ocean;pbo;dp;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Sea Water Pressure at Sea floor";"""Sea water pressure"" is the pressure that exists in the medium of sea water.  It includes the pressure due to overlying sea water, sea ice, air and any other medium that may be present.";Pa
1;ocean;prbigthetao; ; ;FAFMIP;mon;"Sea Water Redistributed Conservative Temperature";"The quantity with standard name sea_water_redistributed_conservative_temperature is a passive tracer in an ocean model which is subject to an externally imposed perturbative surface heat flux. The passive tracer is initialised to the conservative temperature in the control climate before the perturbation is imposed. Its surface flux is the heat flux from the atmosphere, not including the imposed perturbation, and is converted to a passive tracer increment as if it were being added to conservative temperature. The passive tracer is transported within the ocean as if it were conservative temperature. The passive tracer records redistributed heat, as described for the CMIP6 FAFMIP experiment (doi:10.5194/gmd-9-3993-2016), following earlier ideas. Conservative Temperature is defined as part of the Thermodynamic Equation of Seawater 2010 (TEOS-10) which was adopted in 2010 by the International Oceanographic Commission (IOC). Conservative Temperature is specific potential enthalpy (which has the standard name sea_water_specific_potential_enthalpy) divided by a fixed value of the specific heat capacity of sea water, namely cp_0 = 3991.86795711963 J kg-1 K-1. Conservative Temperature is a more accurate measure of the ""heat content"" of sea water, by a factor of one hundred, than is potential temperature. Because of this, it can be regarded as being proportional to the heat content of sea water per unit mass. Reference: www.teos-10.org; McDougall, 2003 doi: 10.1175/1520-0485(2003)033<0945:PEACOV>2.0.CO;2.";degC
1;ocean;prthetao; ; ;FAFMIP;mon;"Sea Water Redistributed Potential Temperature";"The quantity with standard name sea_water_redistributed_potential_temperature is a passive tracer in an ocean model which is subject to an externally imposed perturbative surface heat flux. The passive tracer is initialised to the potential temperature in the control climate before the perturbation is imposed. Its surface flux is the heat flux from the atmosphere, not including the imposed perturbation, and is converted to a passive tracer increment as if it were being added to potential temperature. The passive tracer is transported within the ocean as if it were potential temperature. The passive tracer records redistributed heat, as described for the CMIP6 FAFMIP experiment (doi:10.5194/gmd-9-3993-2016), following earlier ideas. Potential temperature is the temperature a parcel of air or sea water would have if moved adiabatically to sea level pressure.";degC
1;ocean;pso;NA;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Sea Water Pressure at Sea Water Surface";"The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere.  ""Sea water pressure"" is the pressure that exists in the medium of sea water.  It includes the pressure due to overlying sea water, sea ice, air and any other medium that may be present.";Pa
1;ocean;sfdsi;fsalt_ai;partly;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;dec,mon;"Downward Sea Ice Basal Salt Flux";"This field is physical, and it arises since sea ice has a nonzero salt content, so it exchanges salt with the liquid ocean upon melting and freezing.";kg m-2 s-1
1;ocean;sfriver;NA;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;dec,mon;"Salt Flux into Sea Water from Rivers";"This field is physical, and it arises when rivers carry a nonzero salt content.  Often this is zero, with rivers assumed to be fresh.";kg m-2 s-1
1;ocean;sftof;pmask;partly;CMIP,DCPP,OMIP,PMIP;fx;"Sea Area Fraction";"This is the area fraction at the ocean surface.";%
1;ocean;sithick;hi;partly;C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,PMIP,RFMIP,SIMIP,VolMIP;day,mon;"Sea-ice thickness";"Actual (floe) thickness of sea ice (NOT volume divided by grid area as was done in CMIP5)";m
1;ocean;sltnortha;msflx;no;PMIP;mon;"Atlantic Northward Ocean Salt Transport";"""Northward"" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed northward (negative southward). Ocean transport means transport by all processes, both sea water and sea ice.";kg s-1
1;ocean;so;saln;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;dec,mon;"Sea Water Salinity";"Sea water salinity is the salt content of sea water, often on the Practical Salinity Scale of 1978. However, the unqualified term 'salinity' is generic and does not necessarily imply any particular method of calculation. The units of salinity are dimensionless and the units attribute should normally be given as 1e-3 or 0.001 i.e. parts per thousand. There are standard names for the more precisely defined salinity quantities: sea_water_knudsen_salinity, S_K (used for salinity observations between 1901 and 1966),  sea_water_cox_salinity, S_C (used for salinity observations between 1967 and 1977), sea_water_practical_salinity, S_P (used for salinity observations from 1978 to the present day), sea_water_absolute_salinity, S_A, sea_water_preformed_salinity, S_*, and sea_water_reference_salinity. Practical Salinity is reported on the Practical Salinity Scale of 1978 (PSS-78), and is usually based on the electrical conductivity of sea water in observations since the 1960s. Conversion of data between the observed scales follows: S_P = (S_K - 0.03) * (1.80655 / 1.805) and S_P = S_C, however the accuracy of the latter is dependent on whether chlorinity or conductivity was used to determine the S_C value, with this inconsistency driving the development of PSS-78. The more precise standard names should be used where appropriate for both modelled and observed salinities. In particular, the use of sea_water_salinity to describe salinity observations made from 1978 onwards is now deprecated in favor of the term sea_water_practical_salinity which is the salinity quantity stored by national data centers for post-1978 observations. The only exception to this is where the observed salinities are definitely known not to be recorded on the Practical Salinity Scale. The unit ""parts per thousand"" was used for sea_water_knudsen_salinity and sea_water_cox_salinity.";0.001
1;ocean;sob; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Sea water Salinity at Sea Floor";"Model prognostic salinity at bottom-most model grid cell";0.001
1;ocean;soga; ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;dec,mon;"Global Mean Sea Water Salinity";"Sea water salinity is the salt content of sea water, often on the Practical Salinity Scale of 1978. However, the unqualified term 'salinity' is generic and does not necessarily imply any particular method of calculation. The units of salinity are dimensionless and the units attribute should normally be given as 1e-3 or 0.001 i.e. parts per thousand. There are standard names for the more precisely defined salinity quantities: sea_water_knudsen_salinity, S_K (used for salinity observations between 1901 and 1966),  sea_water_cox_salinity, S_C (used for salinity observations between 1967 and 1977), sea_water_practical_salinity, S_P (used for salinity observations from 1978 to the present day), sea_water_absolute_salinity, S_A, sea_water_preformed_salinity, S_*, and sea_water_reference_salinity. Practical Salinity is reported on the Practical Salinity Scale of 1978 (PSS-78), and is usually based on the electrical conductivity of sea water in observations since the 1960s. Conversion of data between the observed scales follows: S_P = (S_K - 0.03) * (1.80655 / 1.805) and S_P = S_C, however the accuracy of the latter is dependent on whether chlorinity or conductivity was used to determine the S_C value, with this inconsistency driving the development of PSS-78. The more precise standard names should be used where appropriate for both modelled and observed salinities. In particular, the use of sea_water_salinity to describe salinity observations made from 1978 onwards is now deprecated in favor of the term sea_water_practical_salinity which is the salinity quantity stored by national data centers for post-1978 observations. The only exception to this is where the observed salinities are definitely known not to be recorded on the Practical Salinity Scale. The unit ""parts per thousand"" was used for sea_water_knudsen_salinity and sea_water_cox_salinity.";0.001
1;ocean;sos;sss;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;day,dec,mon;"Sea Surface Salinity";"Sea surface salinity is the salt content of sea water close to the sea surface, often on the Practical Salinity Scale of 1978. However, the unqualified term 'salinity' is generic and does not necessarily imply any particular method of calculation. The units of salinity are dimensionless and the units attribute should normally be given as 1e-3 or 0.001 i.e. parts per thousand. Sea surface salinity is often abbreviated as ""SSS"". For the salinity of sea water at a particular depth or layer, a data variable of ""sea_water_salinity"" or one of the more precisely defined salinities should be used with a vertical coordinate axis. There are standard names for the precisely defined salinity quantities: sea_water_knudsen_salinity, S_K (used for salinity observations between 1901 and 1966), sea_water_cox_salinity, S_C (used for salinity observations between 1967 and 1977), sea_water_practical_salinity, S_P (used for salinity observations from 1978 to the present day), sea_water_absolute_salinity, S_A, sea_water_preformed_salinity, S_*, and sea_water_reference_salinity. Practical Salinity is reported on the Practical Salinity Scale of 1978 (PSS-78), and is usually based on the electrical conductivity of sea water in observations since the 1960s. Conversion of data between the observed scales follows: S_P = (S_K - 0.03) * (1.80655 / 1.805) and S_P = S_C, however the accuracy of the latter is dependent on whether chlorinity or conductivity was used to determine the S_C value, with this inconsistency driving the development of PSS-78. The more precise standard names should be used where appropriate for both modelled and observed salinities. In particular, the use of sea_water_salinity to describe salinity observations made from 1978 onwards is now deprecated in favor of the term sea_water_practical_salinity which is the salinity quantity stored by national data centers for post-1978 observations. The only exception to this is where the observed salinities are definitely known not to be recorded on the Practical Salinity Scale. The unit ""parts per thousand"" was used for sea_water_knudsen_salinity and sea_water_cox_salinity.";0.001
1;ocean;sosga; ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;dec,mon;"Global Average Sea Surface Salinity";"Sea surface salinity is the salt content of sea water close to the sea surface, often on the Practical Salinity Scale of 1978. However, the unqualified term 'salinity' is generic and does not necessarily imply any particular method of calculation. The units of salinity are dimensionless and the units attribute should normally be given as 1e-3 or 0.001 i.e. parts per thousand. Sea surface salinity is often abbreviated as ""SSS"". For the salinity of sea water at a particular depth or layer, a data variable of ""sea_water_salinity"" or one of the more precisely defined salinities should be used with a vertical coordinate axis. There are standard names for the precisely defined salinity quantities: sea_water_knudsen_salinity, S_K (used for salinity observations between 1901 and 1966), sea_water_cox_salinity, S_C (used for salinity observations between 1967 and 1977), sea_water_practical_salinity, S_P (used for salinity observations from 1978 to the present day), sea_water_absolute_salinity, S_A, sea_water_preformed_salinity, S_*, and sea_water_reference_salinity. Practical Salinity is reported on the Practical Salinity Scale of 1978 (PSS-78), and is usually based on the electrical conductivity of sea water in observations since the 1960s. Conversion of data between the observed scales follows: S_P = (S_K - 0.03) * (1.80655 / 1.805) and S_P = S_C, however the accuracy of the latter is dependent on whether chlorinity or conductivity was used to determine the S_C value, with this inconsistency driving the development of PSS-78. The more precise standard names should be used where appropriate for both modelled and observed salinities. In particular, the use of sea_water_salinity to describe salinity observations made from 1978 onwards is now deprecated in favor of the term sea_water_practical_salinity which is the salinity quantity stored by national data centers for post-1978 observations. The only exception to this is where the observed salinities are definitely known not to be recorded on the Practical Salinity Scale. The unit ""parts per thousand"" was used for sea_water_knudsen_salinity and sea_water_cox_salinity.";0.001
1;ocean;t20d; ; ;DCPP,PMIP;day,mon;"20C isotherm depth";"This quantity, sometimes called the ""isotherm depth"", is the depth (if it exists) at which the sea water potential temperature equals some specified value. This value should be specified in a scalar coordinate variable. Depth is the vertical distance below the surface. Potential temperature is the temperature a parcel of air or sea water would have if moved adiabatically to sea level pressure.";m
1;ocean;tauucorr; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Surface Downward X Stress Correction";"This is the stress on the liquid ocean from overlying atmosphere, sea ice, ice shelf, etc.";N m-2
1;ocean;tauuo;taux;partly;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;dec,mon;"Surface Downward X Stress";"This is the stress on the liquid ocean from overlying atmosphere, sea ice, ice shelf, etc.";N m-2
1;ocean;tauvcorr; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Surface Downward Y Stress Correction";"This is the stress on the liquid ocean from overlying atmosphere, sea ice, ice shelf, etc.";N m-2
1;ocean;tauvo;tauy;partly;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;dec,mon;"Surface Downward Y Stress";"This is the stress on the liquid ocean from overlying atmosphere, sea ice, ice shelf, etc.";N m-2
1;ocean;thetao;temp, templvl;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;dec,mon;"Sea Water Potential Temperature";"Diagnostic should be contributed even for models using conservative temperature as prognostic field.";degC
1;ocean;thetaoga;temp ;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;dec,mon;"Global Average Sea Water Potential Temperature";"Diagnostic should be contributed even for models using conservative temperature as prognostic field";degC
1;ocean;thetaot; ; ;DCPP,PMIP;mon;"Vertically Averaged Sea Water Potential Temperature";"Vertical average of the sea water potential temperature through the whole ocean depth";degC
1;ocean;thetaot2000; ; ;DCPP;mon;"Depth average potential temperature of upper 2000m";"Upper 2000m, 2D field";degC
1;ocean;thetaot300; ; ;DCPP;mon;"Depth average potential temperature of upper 300m";"Upper 300m, 2D field";degC
1;ocean;thetaot700; ; ;DCPP;mon;"Depth average potential temperature of upper 700m";"Upper 700m, 2D field";degC
1;ocean;thkcello;dz;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,OMIP,PMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;dec,fx,mon;"Ocean Model Cell Thickness";"""Thickness"" means the vertical extent of a layer. ""Cell"" refers to a model grid-cell.";m
1;ocean;tob; ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Sea Water Potential Temperature at Sea Floor";"Potential temperature at the ocean bottom-most grid cell.";degC
1;ocean;tos;SST (not written if coupling frequency is daily i.e. if no diurnal cycle);yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,CORDEX,DAMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;3hrPt,day,dec,mon;"Sea Surface Temperature";"Temperature of upper boundary of the liquid ocean, including temperatures below sea-ice and floating ice shelves.";degC
1;ocean;tosga; ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;dec,mon;"Global Average Sea Surface Temperature";"Temperature of upper boundary of the liquid ocean, including temperatures below sea-ice and floating ice shelves.";degC
1;ocean;ugrido;NA;no; ;fx;"UGRID Grid Specification";"Ony required for models with unstructured grids: this label should be used for a file containing information about the grid structure, following the UGRID convention.";
1;ocean;umo; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Ocean Mass X Transport";"X-ward mass transport from resolved and parameterized advective transport.";kg s-1
1;ocean;uo;uvel, uvellvl;partly;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;dec,mon;"Sea Water X Velocity";"Prognostic x-ward velocity component resolved by the model.";m s-1
1;ocean;vmo; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Ocean Mass Y Transport";"Y-ward mass transport from resolved and parameterized advective transport.";kg s-1
1;ocean;vo;vvel, vvellvl;partly;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;dec,mon;"Sea Water Y Velocity";"Prognostic x-ward velocity component resolved by the model.";m s-1
1;ocean;volcello;dz;partly; ,AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP,PMIP;dec,fx,mon,yr;"Ocean Grid-Cell Volume";"grid-cell volume ca. 2000.";m3
1;ocean;volo;dz;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;dec,mon;"Sea Water Volume";"Total volume of liquid sea water.";m3
1;ocean;wfcorr; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Water Flux Correction";"Positive flux implies correction adds water to ocean.";kg m-2 s-1
1;ocean;wfo;lip+sop+eva+rnf+rfi+fmltfz;partly;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;dec,mon;"Water Flux into Sea Water";"computed as the water  flux into the ocean divided by the area of the ocean portion of the grid cell.  This is the sum of the next two variables in this table.";kg m-2 s-1
1;ocean;wfonocorr; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Water Flux into Sea Water Without Flux Correction";"computed as the water  flux (without flux correction) into the ocean divided by the area of the ocean portion of the grid cell.";kg m-2 s-1
1;ocean;wmo; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Upward Ocean Mass Transport";"Upward mass transport from resolved and parameterized advective transport.";kg s-1
1;ocean;wo; ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,PMIP;dec,mon;"Sea Water Vertical Velocity";"A velocity is a vector quantity. ""Upward"" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward).";m s-1
1;ocean;zfullo;dz;partly;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB;mon,monC,yr;"Depth Below Geoid of Ocean Layer";"Depth below geoid";m
1;ocean;zhalfo;dz;partly;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB;mon,monC;"Depth Below Geoid of Interfaces Between Ocean Layers";"Depth below geoid";m
1;ocean;zos;sealv;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Sea Surface Height Above Geoid";"This is the dynamic sea level, so should have zero global area mean. It should not include inverse barometer depressions from sea ice.";m
1;ocean;zostoga;temp;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Global Average Thermosteric Sea Level Change";"There is no CMIP6 request for zosga nor zossga.";m
1;ocnBgChem;chl; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP,PMIP,VIACSAB;mon,yr;"Total Chlorophyll Mass Concentration";"Sum of chlorophyll from all phytoplankton group concentrations.  In most models this is equal to chldiat+chlmisc, that is the sum of Diatom Chlorophyll Mass Concentration and Other Phytoplankton Chlorophyll Mass Concentration";kg m-3
1;ocnBgChem;chlos; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;day,mon;"Sea Surface Total Chlorophyll Mass Concentration";"Sum of chlorophyll from all phytoplankton group concentrations at the sea surface.  In most models this is equal to chldiat+chlmisc, that is the sum of 'Diatom Chlorophyll Mass Concentration' plus 'Other Phytoplankton Chlorophyll Mass Concentration'";kg m-3
1;ocnBgChem;dfe; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP,PMIP,VIACSAB;mon,yr;"Dissolved Iron Concentration";"Dissolved iron in sea water,  including both Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions (but not particulate detrital iron)";mol m-3
1;ocnBgChem;dfeos; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Surface Dissolved Iron Concentration";"dissolved iron in sea water is meant to include both Fe2+ and Fe3+ ions (but not, e.g., particulate detrital iron)";mol m-3
1;ocnBgChem;dissi13c; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP,PMIP;mon,yr;"Dissolved Inorganic 13Carbon Concentration";"Dissolved inorganic 14carbon (CO3+HCO3+H2CO3) concentration";mol m-3
1;ocnBgChem;dissi13cos; ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Surface Dissolved Inorganic 13Carbon Concentration";"Dissolved inorganic 14carbon (CO3+HCO3+H2CO3) concentration";mol m-3
1;ocnBgChem;dissi14cabio; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Abiotic Dissolved Inorganic 14Carbon Concentration";"Abiotic Dissolved inorganic 14carbon (CO3+HCO3+H2CO3) concentration";mol m-3
1;ocnBgChem;dissi14cabioos; ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Surface Abiotic Dissolved Inorganic 14Carbon Concentration";"Abiotic Dissolved inorganic 14carbon (CO3+HCO3+H2CO3) concentration";mol m-3
1;ocnBgChem;dissicabio; ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Abiotic Dissolved Inorganic Carbon Concentration";"Abiotic Dissolved inorganic carbon (CO3+HCO3+H2CO3) concentration";mol m-3
1;ocnBgChem;dissicabioos; ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Surface Abiotic Dissolved Inorganic Carbon Concentration";"Abiotic Dissolved inorganic carbon (CO3+HCO3+H2CO3) concentration";mol m-3
1;ocnBgChem;dissicnat; ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Natural Dissolved Inorganic Carbon Concentration";"Dissolved inorganic carbon (CO3+HCO3+H2CO3) concentration at preindustrial atmospheric xCO2";mol m-3
1;ocnBgChem;dissicnatos; ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Surface Natural Dissolved Inorganic Carbon Concentration";"Dissolved inorganic carbon (CO3+HCO3+H2CO3) concentration at preindustrial atmospheric xCO2";mol m-3
1;ocnBgChem;eparag100; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Downward Flux of Aragonite";"The phrase 'expressed_as' is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics.   'Sinking' is the gravitational settling of particulate matter suspended in a liquid. A sinking flux is positive downwards and is calculated relative to the movement of the surrounding fluid. Aragonite is a mineral that is a polymorph of calcium carbonate. The chemical formula of aragonite is CaCO3. Standard names also exist for calcite, another polymorph of calcium carbonate.";mol m-2 s-1
1;ocnBgChem;epc100; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Downward Flux of Particulate Organic Carbon";"The phrase 'expressed_as' is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics.   'Sinking' is the gravitational settling of particulate matter suspended in a liquid. A sinking flux is positive downwards and is calculated relative to the movement of the surrounding fluid.";mol m-2 s-1
1;ocnBgChem;epcalc100; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Downward Flux of Calcite";"The phrase 'expressed_as' is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics.   'Sinking' is the gravitational settling of particulate matter suspended in a liquid. A sinking flux is positive downwards and is calculated relative to the movement of the surrounding fluid. Calcite is a mineral that is a polymorph of calcium carbonate. The chemical formula of calcite is CaCO3. Standard names also exist for aragonite, another polymorph of calcium carbonate.";mol m-2 s-1
1;ocnBgChem;expfe; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Sinking Particulate Iron Flux";"In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics.   'Sinking' is the gravitational settling of particulate matter suspended in a liquid. A sinking flux is positive downwards and is calculated relative to the movement of the surrounding fluid.";mol m-2 s-1
1;ocnBgChem;fg13co2; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP,PMIP;mon,yr;"Total air-sea flux of 13CO2";"alias::surface_downward_mass_flux_of_carbon13_dioxide_abiotic_analogue_expressed_as_carbon13";kg m-2 s-1
1;ocnBgChem;fg14co2abio; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Surface Downward Abiotic 14CO2 Flux";"Gas exchange flux of abiotic 14CO2 (positive into ocean)";kg m-2 s-1
1;ocnBgChem;fgco2; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon,yr;"Surface Downward CO2 Flux";"Gas exchange flux of CO2 (positive into ocean)";kg m-2 s-1
1;ocnBgChem;fgco2abio; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Surface Downward Abiotic CO2 Flux";"Gas exchange flux of abiotic CO2 (positive into ocean)";kg m-2 s-1
1;ocnBgChem;fgco2nat; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Surface Downward Natural CO2 Flux";"Gas exchange flux of natural CO2 (positive into ocean)";kg m-2 s-1
1;ocnBgChem;fgo2; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Surface Downward O2 Flux";"Gas exchange flux of O2 (positive into ocean)";mol m-2 s-1
1;ocnBgChem;intpp; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Primary Organic Carbon Production by All Types of Phytoplankton";"Vertically integrated total primary (organic carbon) production by phytoplankton.  This should equal the sum of intpdiat+intpphymisc, but those individual components may be unavailable in some models.";mol m-2 s-1
1;ocnBgChem;no3; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP,PMIP,VIACSAB;mon,yr;"Dissolved Nitrate Concentration";"Mole concentration means moles (amount of substance) per unit volume and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.";mol m-3
1;ocnBgChem;no3os; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Surface Dissolved Nitrate Concentration";"Mole concentration means moles (amount of substance) per unit volume and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.";mol m-3
1;ocnBgChem;o2; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP,PMIP,VIACSAB;mon,yr;"Dissolved Oxygen Concentration";"'Mole concentration' means number of moles per unit volume, also called""molarity"", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, whereX is a material constituent of Y.  A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'.";mol m-3
1;ocnBgChem;o2os; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Surface Dissolved Oxygen Concentration";"'Mole concentration' means number of moles per unit volume, also called""molarity"", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, whereX is a material constituent of Y.  A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'.";mol m-3
1;ocnBgChem;o2satos; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Surface Dissolved Oxygen Concentration at Saturation";"""Mole concentration at saturation"" means the mole concentration in a saturated solution. Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called ""molarity"", and is used in the construction ""mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y"", where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as ""nitrogen"" or a phrase such as ""nox_expressed_as_nitrogen"".";mol m-3
1;ocnBgChem;phabio; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Abiotic pH";"negative log10 of hydrogen ion concentration with the concentration expressed as mol H kg-1 (abiotic component)..";1
1;ocnBgChem;phnat; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Natural pH";"negative log10 of hydrogen ion concentration with the concentration expressed as mol H kg-1.";1
1;ocnBgChem;si; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP,PMIP,VIACSAB;mon,yr;"Total Dissolved Inorganic Silicon Concentration";"Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called ""molarity"", and is used in the construction ""mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y"", where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as ""nitrogen"" or a phrase such as ""nox_expressed_as_nitrogen"". ""Dissolved inorganic silicon"" means the sum of all inorganic silicon in solution (including silicic acid and its first dissociated anion SiO(OH)3-).";mol m-3
1;ocnBgChem;sios; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Surface Total Dissolved Inorganic Silicon Concentration";"Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called ""molarity"", and is used in the construction ""mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y"", where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as ""nitrogen"" or a phrase such as ""nox_expressed_as_nitrogen"". ""Dissolved inorganic silicon"" means the sum of all inorganic silicon in solution (including silicic acid and its first dissociated anion SiO(OH)3-).";mol m-3
1;ocnBgChem;spco2; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Surface Aqueous Partial Pressure of CO2";"The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. The partial pressure of a dissolved gas in sea water is the partial pressure in air with which it would be in equilibrium. The partial pressure of a gaseous constituent of air is the pressure which it alone would exert with unchanged temperature and number of moles per unit volume. The chemical formula for carbon dioxide is CO2.";Pa
1;ocnBgChem;spco2abio; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Abiotic Surface Aqueous Partial Pressure of CO2";"The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. The chemical formula for carbon dioxide is CO2. In ocean biogeochemistry models, an ""abiotic analogue"" is used to simulate the effect on a modelled variable when biological effects on ocean carbon concentration and alkalinity are ignored. The partial pressure of a gaseous constituent of air is the pressure which it alone would exert with unchanged temperature and number of moles per unit volume. The partial pressure of a dissolved gas in sea water is the partial pressure in air with which it would be in equilibrium. The partial pressure difference between sea water and air is positive when the partial pressure of the dissolved gas in sea water is greater than the partial pressure in air.";Pa
1;ocnBgChem;spco2nat; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Natural Surface Aqueous Partial Pressure of CO2";"The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. The chemical formula for carbon dioxide is CO2. In ocean biogeochemistry models, a ""natural analogue"" is used to simulate the effect on a modelled variable of imposing preindustrial atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, even when the model as a whole may be subjected to varying forcings. The partial pressure of a gaseous constituent of air is the pressure which it alone would exert with unchanged temperature and number of moles per unit volume. The partial pressure of a dissolved gas in sea water is the partial pressure in air with which it would be in equilibrium. The partial pressure difference between sea water and air is positive when the partial pressure of the dissolved gas in sea water is greater than the partial pressure in air.";Pa
1;ocnBgChem;talknat; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Natural Total Alkalinity";"total alkalinity equivalent concentration (including carbonate, borate, phosphorus, silicon, and nitrogen components) at preindustrial atmospheric xCO2";mol m-3
1;ocnBgChem;talknatos; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Surface Natural Total Alkalinity";"total alkalinity equivalent concentration (including carbonate, borate, phosphorus, silicon, and nitrogen components) at preindustrial atmospheric xCO2";mol m-3
1;seaIce;fsitherm; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Water Flux into Sea Water due to Sea Ice Thermodynamics";"computed as the sea ice thermodynamic water flux into the ocean divided by the area of the ocean portion of the grid cell.";kg m-2 s-1
1;seaIce;hfsifrazil; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VolMIP;mon;"Heat Flux into Sea Water due to Frazil Ice Formation";"In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. ""Frazil"" consists of needle like crystals of ice, typically between three and four millimeters in diameter, which form as sea water begins to freeze. Salt is expelled during the freezing process and frazil ice consists of nearly pure fresh water.";W m-2
1;seaIce;sfdsi;fsalt_ai;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,RFMIP,SIMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;dec,mon;"Downward Sea Ice Basal Salt Flux";"This field is physical, and it arises since sea ice has a nonzero salt content, so it exchanges salt with the liquid ocean upon melting and freezing.";kg m-2 s-1
1;seaIce;siconc;aice;partly;C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,CORDEX,DAMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,PMIP,RFMIP,SIMIP,VolMIP;day,mon;"Sea-ice area fraction";"Area fraction of grid cell covered by sea ice";%
1;seaIce;siconca; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;day,mon;"Sea-ice area fraction";"Area fraction of grid cell covered by sea ice";%
1;seaIce;simass;hi*917+hs*330;partly;C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,PMIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Sea-ice mass per area";"Total mass of sea ice divided by grid-cell area";kg m-2
1;seaIce;sisnconc;fs;partly;C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,PMIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Snow area fraction";"Fraction of sea ice, by area, which is covered by snow, giving equal weight to every square metre of sea ice . Exclude snow that lies on land or land ice.";%
1;seaIce;sisnmass;fs*hs;no;C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Snow mass per area";"Total mass of snow on sea ice divided by grid-cell area";kg m-2
1;seaIce;sisnthick;hs;partly;C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,PMIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;day,mon;"Snow thickness";"Actual thickness of snow (snow volume divided by snow-covered area)";m
1;seaIce;sispeed; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;day,mon;"Sea-ice speed";"Speed of ice (i.e. mean absolute velocity) to account for back-and-forth movement of the ice";m s-1
1;seaIce;sitemptop;Tsfc?;partly;C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,PMIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;day,mon;"Surface temperature of sea ice";"Report surface temperature of snow where snow covers the sea ice.";K
1;seaIce;sithick;hi;partly;C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,PMIP,RFMIP,SIMIP,VolMIP;day,mon;"Sea-ice thickness";"Actual (floe) thickness of sea ice (NOT volume divided by grid area as was done in CMIP5)";m
1;seaIce;sitimefrac; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;day,mon;"Fraction of time steps with sea ice";"Fraction of time steps of the averaging period during which sea ice is present (siconc >0 ) in a grid cell";1
1;seaIce;siu;uvel_d;partly;C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP,VolMIP;day,mon;"X-component of sea ice velocity";"The x-velocity of ice on native model grid";m s-1
1;seaIce;siv;vvel_d;partly;C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP,VolMIP;day,mon;"Y-component of sea ice velocity";"The y-velocity of ice on native model grid";m s-1
1;seaIce;sivol;aice*hi ?;no;C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Sea-ice volume per area";"Total volume of sea ice divided by grid-cell area (this used to be called ice thickness in CMIP5)";m
2;atmos;clc; ;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,PMIP;3hrPt,mon;"Convective Cloud Area Fraction";"Include only convective cloud.";%
2;atmos;cldicemxrat; ;no;HighResMIP;6hrPt,mon;"Cloud Ice Mixing Ratio";"Cloud ice mixing ratio";1
2;atmos;cldwatmxrat; ;no;HighResMIP;6hrPt,mon;"Cloud Water Mixing Ratio";"Cloud water mixing ratio";1
2;atmos;clic; ;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP;3hrPt,mon;"Mass Fraction of Convective Cloud Ice";"Calculated as the mass of convective cloud ice  in the grid cell divided by the mass of air (including the water in all phases) in the grid cell.  This includes precipitating hydrometeors ONLY if the precipitating hydrometeors affect the calculation of radiative transfer in model.";1
2;atmos;clis; ;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP;3hrPt,mon;"Mass Fraction of Stratiform Cloud Ice";"Calculated as the mass of stratiform cloud ice  in the grid cell divided by the mass of air (including the water in all phases) in the grid cell.  This includes precipitating hydrometeors ONLY if the precipitating hydrometeors affect the calculation of radiative transfer in model.";1
2;atmos;cls; ;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,PMIP;3hrPt,mon;"Percentage Cover of Stratiform Cloud";"""Layer"" means any layer with upper and lower boundaries that have constant values in some vertical coordinate. There must be a vertical coordinate variable indicating the extent of the layer(s). If the layers are model layers, the vertical coordinate can be model_level_number, but it is recommended to specify a physical coordinate (in a scalar or auxiliary coordinate variable) as well. ""X_area_fraction"" means the fraction of horizontal area occupied by X. ""X_area"" means the horizontal area occupied by X within the grid cell. Cloud area fraction is also called ""cloud amount"" and ""cloud cover"". In an atmosphere model, stratiform cloud is that produced by large-scale convergence (not the convection schemes).";%
2;atmos;clwc; ;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP;3hrPt,mon;"Mass Fraction of Convective Cloud Liquid Water";"Calculated as the mass of convective cloud liquid water in the grid cell divided by the mass of air (including the water in all phases) in the grid cell.  This includes precipitating hydrometeors ONLY if the precipitating hydrometeors affect the calculation of radiative transfer in model.";1
2;atmos;clws; ;no;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP;3hrPt,mon;"Mass Fraction of Stratiform Cloud Liquid Water";"Calculated as the mass of stratiform cloud liquid water in the grid cell divided by the mass of air (including the water in all phases) in the grid cell.  This includes precipitating hydrometeors ONLY if the precipitating hydrometeors affect the calculation of radiative transfer in model.";1
2;atmos;co23D; ;no;C4MIP;mon;"3D field of transported CO2";"report 3D field of model simulated atmospheric CO2 mass mixing ration on model levels";kg kg-1
2;atmos;co2s; ; ;DCPP;mon;"Atmosphere CO2";"As co2, but only at the surface";1e-06
2;atmos;columnmassflux; ; ;HighResMIP;mon;"Column Integrated Mass Flux";"Column integral of (mcu-mcd)";kg m-2 s-1
2;atmos;demc; ;no;CFMIP;3hrPt;"Convective Cloud Emissivity";"This is the in-cloud emissivity obtained by considering only the cloudy portion of the grid cell.";1
2;atmos;dems; ;no;CFMIP;3hrPt;"Stratiform Cloud Emissivity";"This is the in-cloud emissivity obtained by considering only the cloudy portion of the grid cell.";1
2;atmos;dmc; ; ;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"Deep Convective Mass Flux";"The net mass flux  represents the difference between the updraft and downdraft components.   This is calculated as the convective mass flux divided by the area of the whole grid cell (not just the area of the cloud).";kg m-2 s-1
2;atmos;dtauc; ;no;CFMIP,HighResMIP;3hrPt,6hrPt;"Convective Cloud Optical Depth";"This is the in-cloud optical depth obtained by considering only the cloudy portion of the grid cell";1
2;atmos;dtaus; ;no;CFMIP,HighResMIP;3hrPt,6hrPt;"Stratiform Cloud Optical Depth";"This is the in-cloud optical depth obtained by considering only the cloudy portion of the grid cell.";1
2;atmos;grpllsprof; ;no;CFMIP;3hrPt;"Stratiform Graupel Flux";"alias::large_scale_graupel_flux";kg m-2 s-1
2;atmos;grplmxrat; ;no;HighResMIP;6hrPt,mon;"Graupel Mixing Ratio";"Graupel mixing ratio";1
2;atmos;h2o; ;no;CFMIP;3hrPt;"Mass Fraction of Water";"includes all phases of water";1
2;atmos;lim; ;no;ISMIP6;yr;"Ice sheet mass";"The ice sheet mass is computed as the volume times density";kg
2;atmos;limnsw; ;no;ISMIP6;yr;"Ice sheet mass that does not displace Sea water";"The ice sheet mass is computed as the volume above flotation times density. Changes in land_ice_mass_not_displacing_sea_water will always result in a change in sea level, unlike changes in land_ice_mass which may not result in sea level change (such as melting of the floating ice shelves, or portion of ice that sits on bedrock below sea level)";kg
2;atmos;lwsffluxaero; ;no;VolMIP;6hrPt;"Longwave flux  due to volcanic aerosols at the surface";"downwelling longwave  flux  due to volcanic aerosols at the surface to be diagnosed through double radiation call";W m-2
2;atmos;mcd; ; ;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"Downdraft Convective Mass Flux";"Calculated as the convective mass flux divided by the area of the whole grid cell (not just the area of the cloud).";kg m-2 s-1
2;atmos;mcu; ; ;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,DAMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"Convective Updraft Mass Flux";"In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics. The atmosphere convective mass flux is the vertical transport of mass for a field of cumulus clouds or thermals, given by the product of air density and vertical velocity. For an area-average, cell_methods should specify whether the average is over all the area or the area of updrafts only.";kg m-2 s-1
2;atmos;prcprof; ;no;CFMIP;3hrPt;"Convective Rainfall Flux";"In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics.";kg m-2 s-1
2;atmos;prlsns;PRECSL;no;CFMIP;3hrPt;"Stratiform Snowfall Flux";"large-scale precipitation of all forms of water in the solid phase.";kg m-2 s-1
2;atmos;prlsprof; ;no;CFMIP;3hrPt;"Stratiform Rainfall Flux";"alias::large_scale_rainfall_flux";kg m-2 s-1
2;atmos;prsnc;PRECSC;no;CFMIP,LS3MIP;3hr,3hrPt,day;"Convective Snowfall Flux";"convective precipitation of all forms of water in the solid phase.";kg m-2 s-1
2;atmos;rainmxrat; ;no;HighResMIP;6hrPt,mon;"rain_mixing_ratio";"Rain mixing ratio";1
2;atmos;reffclic; ;no;CFMIP;3hrPt,mon,subhrPt;"Hydrometeor Effective Radius of Convective Cloud Ice";"This is defined as the in-cloud ratio of the third moment over the second moment of the particle size distribution (obtained by considering only the cloudy portion of the grid cell).";m
2;atmos;reffclis; ;no;CFMIP;3hrPt,mon,subhrPt;"Hydrometeor Effective Radius of Stratiform Cloud Ice";"This is defined as the in-cloud ratio of the third moment over the second moment of the particle size distribution (obtained by considering only the cloudy portion of the grid cell).";m
2;atmos;reffclwc; ;no;CFMIP,GeoMIP;3hrPt,mon,subhrPt;"Convective Cloud Droplet Effective Radius";"Droplets are liquid.  The effective radius is defined as the ratio of the third moment over the second moment of the particle size distribution and the time-mean should be calculated, weighting the individual samples by the cloudy fraction of the grid cell.";m
2;atmos;reffclws;REFFL;yes;CFMIP,GeoMIP;3hrPt,mon,subhrPt;"Stratiform Cloud Droplet Effective Radius";"Droplets are liquid.  The effective radius is defined as the ratio of the third moment over the second moment of the particle size distribution and the time-mean should be calculated, weighting the individual samples by the cloudy fraction of the grid cell.";m
2;atmos;reffgrpls; ;no;CFMIP;3hrPt;"Hydrometeor Effective Radius of Stratiform Graupel";"This is defined as the in-cloud ratio of the third moment over the second moment of the particle size distribution (obtained by considering only the cloudy portion of the grid cell).";m
2;atmos;reffrainc; ;no;CFMIP;3hrPt;"Hydrometeor Effective Radius of Convective Rainfall";"This is defined as the in-cloud ratio of the third moment over the second moment of the particle size distribution (obtained by considering only the cloudy portion of the grid cell).";m
2;atmos;reffrains; ;no;CFMIP;3hrPt;"Hydrometeor Effective Radius of Stratiform Rainfall";"This is defined as the in-cloud ratio of the third moment over the second moment of the particle size distribution (obtained by considering only the cloudy portion of the grid cell).";m
2;atmos;reffsnowc; ;no;CFMIP;3hrPt;"Hydrometeor Effective Radius of Convective Snowfall";"This is defined as the in-cloud ratio of the third moment over the second moment of the particle size distribution (obtained by considering only the cloudy portion of the grid cell).";m
2;atmos;reffsnows; ;no;CFMIP;3hrPt;"Hydrometeor Effective Radius of Stratiform Snowfall";"This is defined as the in-cloud ratio of the third moment over the second moment of the particle size distribution (obtained by considering only the cloudy portion of the grid cell).";m
2;atmos;smc; ; ;AerChemMIP,CFMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP;mon;"Shallow Convective Mass Flux";"The net mass flux represents the difference between the updraft and downdraft components.  For models with a distinct shallow convection scheme, this is calculated as convective mass flux divided by the area of the whole grid cell (not just the area of the cloud).";kg m-2 s-1
2;atmos;snowmxrat; ;no;HighResMIP;6hrPt,mon;"snow_mixing_ratio";"Snow mixing ratio";1
2;atmos;swsffluxaero; ;no;VolMIP;6hrPt;"Shortwave heating rate due to volcanic aerosols";"shortwave heating rate due to volcanic aerosols to be diagnosed through double radiation call, zonal average values required";W m-2
2;atmos;t2; ; ;HighResMIP;mon;"square_of_air_temperature";"Air temperature squared";K2
2;atmos;tdps; ; ;DCPP,PMIP;day,mon;"2m dewpoint temperature";"Dew point temperature is the temperature at which a parcel of air reaches saturation upon being cooled at constant pressure and specific humidity.";K
2;atmos;tntnogw; ;no;DynVar,VolMIP;mon;"Temperature Tendency Non-orographic Gravity Wave Dissipation";"Temperature tendency due to dissipation of parameterized nonorographic gravity waves.";K s-1
2;atmos;tntogw; ;no;DynVar,VolMIP;mon;"Temperature Tendency due to Orographic Gravity Wave Dissipation";"Temperature tendency due to dissipation of parameterized orographic gravity waves.";K s-1
2;atmos;twap; ; ;HighResMIP;mon;"air_temperature_times_omega";"Product of air temperature and pressure tendency";K Pa s-1
2;atmos;u2; ; ;HighResMIP;mon;"square_of_eastward_wind";"u*u";m2 s-2
2;atmos;ut; ; ;HighResMIP;mon;"air_temperature_times_eastward_wind";"Product of air temperature and eastward wind";K m s-1
2;atmos;uv; ; ;HighResMIP;mon;"eastward_wind_times_northward_wind";"u*v";m2 s-2
2;atmos;uwap; ; ;HighResMIP;mon;"eastward_wind_times_omega";"u*omega";Pa m s-2
2;atmos;v2; ; ;HighResMIP;mon;"square_of_northwardwind";"v*v";m2 s-2
2;atmos;vt; ; ;HighResMIP;mon;"air_temperature_times_northward_wind";"Product of air temperature and northward wind";K m s-1
2;atmos;vtendnogw; ;no;DynVar,HighResMIP,VolMIP;1hrPt,mon;"v-tendency nonorographic gravity wave drag";"Tendency of the northward wind by parameterized nonorographic gravity waves.  (Note that CF name tables only have a general northward tendency for all gravity waves, and we need it separated by type.)";m s-2
2;atmos;vtendogw; ; ;DynVar,VolMIP;mon;"v-tendency orographic gravity wave drag";"Tendency of the northward wind by parameterized orographic gravity waves.  (Note that CF name tables only have a general northward tendency for all gravity waves, and we need it separated by type.)";m s-2
2;atmos;vwap; ; ;HighResMIP;mon;"northward_wind_times_omega";"v*omega";Pa m s-2
2;atmos;wap2; ; ;HighResMIP;mon;"square_of_omega";"omega*omega";Pa2 s-2
2;atmos;xgwdparam; ;no;HighResMIP;mon;"x_gravity_wave_drag_param";"Parameterised x-component of gravity wave drag";Pa
2;atmos;ygwdparam; ;no;HighResMIP;mon;"y_gravity_wave_drag_param";"Parameterised y- component of gravity wave drag";Pa
2;atmos;zhalf; ;no;CFMIP,RFMIP;3hrPt;"Altitude of Model Half-Levels";"""Height_above_X"" means the vertical distance above the named surface X. A reference ellipsoid is a mathematical figure that approximates the geoid. The geoid is a surface of constant geopotential with which mean sea level would coincide if the ocean were at rest. The ellipsoid is an approximation because the geoid is an irregular shape. A number of reference ellipsoids are defined for use in the field of geodesy. To specify which reference ellipsoid is being used, a grid_mapping variable should be attached to the data variable as described in Chapter 5.6 of the CF Convention.";m
2;land;acabf; ;no;ISMIP6;mon,yr;"Surface Mass Balance flux";"Specific mass balance means the net rate at which ice is added per unit area at the land ice surface. Computed as the total surface mass balance on the land ice portion of the grid cell divided by land ice area in the grid cell. A negative value means loss of ice";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;acabfIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Surface Mass Balance flux";"Specific mass balance means the net rate at which ice is added per unit area at the land ice surface. Computed as the total surface mass balance on the land ice portion of the grid cell divided by land ice area in the grid cell. A negative value means loss of ice";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;c13Land; ;no;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Mass of 13C in all terrestrial carbon pools";"""Content"" indicates a quantity per unit area. ""Vegetation"" means any living plants e.g. trees, shrubs, grass. ""Litter"" is dead plant material in or above the soil. The ""soil content"" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface down to the bottom of the soil model. Examples of ""forestry and agricultural products"" are paper, cardboard, furniture, timber for construction, biofuels and food for both humans and livestock. Models that simulate land use changes have one or more pools of carbon that represent these products in order to conserve carbon and allow its eventual release into the atmosphere, for example, when the products decompose in landfill sites. ""C"" means the element carbon and ""13C"" is the stable isotope ""carbon-13"", having six protons and seven neutrons.";kg m-2
2;land;c13Litter; ;no;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Mass of 13C in Litter Pool";"""Content"" indicates a quantity per unit area. ""Litter"" is dead plant material in or above the soil. ""C"" means the element carbon and ""13C"" is the stable isotope ""carbon-13"", having six protons and seven neutrons.";kg m-2
2;land;c13Soil; ;no;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Mass of 13C in Soil Pool";"""Content"" indicates a quantity per unit area. The ""soil content"" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface down to the bottom of the soil model. For the content between specified levels in the soil, standard names including ""content_of_soil_layer"" are used. ""C"" means the element carbon and ""13C"" is the stable isotope ""carbon-13"", having six protons and seven neutrons.";kg m-2
2;land;c13Veg; ;no;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Mass of 13C in Vegetation";"""Content"" indicates a quantity per unit area. ""Vegetation"" means any living plants e.g. trees, shrubs, grass. ""C"" means the element carbon and ""13C"" is the stable isotope ""carbon-13"", having six protons and seven neutrons.";kg m-2
2;land;c14Land; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Mass of 14C in all terrestrial carbon pools";"""Content"" indicates a quantity per unit area. ""Vegetation"" means any living plants e.g. trees, shrubs, grass. ""Litter"" is dead plant material in or above the soil. The ""soil content"" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface down to the bottom of the soil model. Examples of ""forestry and agricultural products"" are paper, cardboard, furniture, timber for construction, biofuels and food for both humans and livestock. Models that simulate land use changes have one or more pools of carbon that represent these products in order to conserve carbon and allow its eventual release into the atmosphere, for example, when the products decompose in landfill sites. ""C"" means the element carbon and ""14C"" is the radioactive isotope ""carbon-14"", having six protons and eight neutrons and used in radiocarbon dating.";kg m-2
2;land;c14Litter; ;no;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Mass of 14C in Litter Pool";"""Content"" indicates a quantity per unit area. ""Litter"" is dead plant material in or above the soil. ""C"" means the element carbon and ""14C"" is the radioactive isotope ""carbon-14"", having six protons and eight neutrons and used in radiocarbon dating.";kg m-2
2;land;c14Soil; ;no;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Mass of 14C in Soil Pool";"""Content"" indicates a quantity per unit area. The ""soil content"" of a quantity refers to the vertical integral from the surface down to the bottom of the soil model. For the content between specified levels in the soil, standard names including ""content_of_soil_layer"" are used. ""C"" means the element carbon and ""14C"" is the radioactive isotope ""carbon-14"", having six protons and eight neutrons and used in radiocarbon dating.";kg m-2
2;land;c14Veg; ;no;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Mass of 14C in Vegetation";"""Content"" indicates a quantity per unit area. ""Vegetation"" means any living plants e.g. trees, shrubs, grass. ""C"" means the element carbon and ""14C"" is the radioactive isotope ""carbon-14"", having six protons and eight neutrons and used in radiocarbon dating.";kg m-2
2;land;c3PftFrac; ;no;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Percentage Cover by C3 Plant Functional Type";"Percentage of entire grid cell  that is covered by C3 PFTs (including grass, crops, and trees).";%
2;land;c4PftFrac; ;no;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Percentage Cover by C4 Plant Functional Type";"Percentage of entire grid cell  that is covered by C4 PFTs (including grass and crops).";%
2;land;cCwd;CWDC;partly;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Carbon Mass in Coarse Woody Debris";"Carbon mass per unit area in woody debris (dead organic matter composed of coarse wood.  It is distinct from litter)";kg m-2
2;land;cLeaf;LEAFC;partly;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Carbon Mass in Leaves";"Carbon mass per unit area in leaves.";kg m-2
2;land;cLitterAbove; ;no;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Carbon Mass in Above-Ground Litter";"alias::surface_litter_carbon_content";kg m-2
2;land;cLitterBelow; ;no;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Carbon Mass in Below-Ground Litter";"alias::subsurface_litter_carbon_content";kg m-2
2;land;cLitterCwd; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Carbon Mass in Coarse Woody Debris";"""Content"" indicates a quantity per unit area. ""Wood debris"" means dead organic matter composed of coarse wood. It is distinct from fine litter. The precise distinction between ""fine"" and ""coarse"" is model dependent. The sum of the quantities with standard names wood_debris_mass_content_of_nitrogen, surface_litter_mass_content_of_nitrogen and subsurface_litter_mass_content_of_nitrogen is the total nitrogen mass content of dead plant material.";kg m-2
2;land;cLitterGrass; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Carbon mass in litter on grass tiles";"alias::litter_carbon_content";kg m-2
2;land;cLitterShrub; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Carbon mass in litter on shrub tiles";"alias::litter_carbon_content";kg m-2
2;land;cLitterSubSurf; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Carbon Mass in Below-Ground Litter";"sub-surface litter pool fed by root inputs.";kg m-2
2;land;cLitterSurf; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Carbon Mass in Above-Ground Litter";"Surface or near-surface litter pool fed by leaf and above-ground litterfall";kg m-2
2;land;cLitterTree; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Carbon mass in litter on tree tiles";"alias::litter_carbon_content";kg m-2
2;land;cMisc; ; ;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,VolMIP;mon;"Carbon Mass in Other Living Compartments on Land";"e.g., labile, fruits, reserves, etc.";kg m-2
2;land;cOther; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Carbon Mass in Vegetation Components other than Leaves, Stems and Roots";"E.g. fruits, seeds, etc.";kg m-2
2;land;cRoot;LIVECROOTC+DEADCROOTC;partly;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Carbon Mass in Roots";"Carbon mass per unit area in roots, including fine and coarse roots.";kg m-2
2;land;cSoilFast;cSoilFast;partly;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Carbon Mass in Fast Soil Pool";"Carbon mass per unit area in fast soil pool. Fast means a lifetime of less than 10 years for reference climate conditions (20th century) in the absence of water limitations.";kg m-2
2;land;cSoilGrass; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Carbon mass in soil on grass tiles";"alias::soil_carbon_content";kg m-2
2;land;cSoilLevels; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Carbon mass in each model soil level (summed over all soil carbon pools in that level)";"for models with vertically discretised soil carbon, report total soil carbon for each level";kg m-2
2;land;cSoilMedium;cSoilMedium;partly;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Carbon Mass in Medium Soil Pool";"Carbon mass per unit area in medium (rate) soil pool. Medium means a lifetime of more than than 10 years and less than 100 years for reference climate conditions (20th century) in the absence of water limitations.";kg m-2
2;land;cSoilPools; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Carbon mass in each model soil pool (summed over vertical levels)";"for models with multiple soil carbon pools, report each pool here. If models also have vertical discretaisation these should be aggregated";kg m-2
2;land;cSoilShrub; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Carbon mass in soil on shrub tiles";"alias::soil_carbon_content";kg m-2
2;land;cSoilSlow;cSoilSlow;partly;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Carbon Mass in Slow Soil Pool";"Carbon mass per unit area in slow soil pool. Slow means a lifetime of more than 100 years for reference climate (20th century) in the absence of water limitations.";kg m-2
2;land;cSoilTree; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Carbon mass in soil on tree tiles";"alias::soil_carbon_content";kg m-2
2;land;cStem; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Carbon Mass in Stem";"including sapwood and hardwood.";kg m-2
2;land;cVegGrass; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Carbon mass in vegetation on grass tiles";"""Content"" indicates a quantity per unit area. ""Vegetation"" means any plants e.g. trees, shrubs, grass.";kg m-2
2;land;cVegShrub; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Carbon mass in vegetation on shrub tiles";"""Content"" indicates a quantity per unit area. ""Vegetation"" means any plants e.g. trees, shrubs, grass.";kg m-2
2;land;cVegTree; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Carbon mass in vegetation on tree tiles";"""Content"" indicates a quantity per unit area. ""Vegetation"" means any plants e.g. trees, shrubs, grass.";kg m-2
2;land;cWood; ; ;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,VolMIP;mon;"Carbon Mass in Wood";"Carbon mass per unit area in wood, including sapwood and hardwood.";kg m-2
2;land;fDeforestToAtmos; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Deforested biomass that goes into atmosphere as a result of anthropogenic land use change";"When land use change results in deforestation of natural vegetation (trees or grasslands) then natural biomass is removed. The treatment of deforested biomass differs significantly across models, but it should be straight-forward to compare deforested biomass across models.";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;fFireAll; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Carbon Mass Flux into Atmosphere due to CO2 emissions from Fire resulting from all sources including natural, anthropogenic and land use change.";"Only total fire emissions can be compared to observations.";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;fHarvestToAtmos; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Harvested biomass that goes straight into atmosphere";"any harvested carbon that is assumed to decompose immediately into the atmosphere is reported here";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;fLitterFire; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Carbon Mass Flux from Litter, CWD or any non-living pool into Atmosphere due to CO2 Emission from all Fire";"Required for unambiguous separation of vegetation and soil + litter turnover times, since total fire flux draws from both sources";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;fNOx; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Total land NOx flux";"The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. ""Upward"" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics. The phrase ""expressed_as"" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. ""Nox"" means a combination of two radical species containing nitrogen and oxygen NO+NO2. ""Vegetation"" means any living plants e.g. trees, shrubs, grass. ""Litter"" is dead plant material in or above the soil.";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;fNgasFire; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Total N lost to the atmosphere (including NHx, NOx, N2O, N2) from fire.";"The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. ""Upward"" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics. The phrase ""expressed_as"" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. ""Nitrogen compounds"" summarizes all chemical species containing nitrogen atoms. The list of individual species that are included in this quantity can vary between models. Where possible, the data variable should be accompanied by a complete description of the species represented, for example, by using a comment attribute. The specification of a physical process by the phrase ""due_to_"" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. ""Emission"" means emission from a primary source located anywhere within the atmosphere, including at the lower boundary (i.e. the surface of the earth). ""Emission"" is a process entirely distinct from ""re-emission"" which is used in some standard names. The term ""fires"" means all biomass fires, whether naturally occurring or ignited by humans.";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;fNgasNonFire; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Total N lost to the atmosphere (including NHx, NOx, N2O, N2) from all processes except fire.";"""Upward"" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics. The phrase ""expressed_as"" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. ""Nitrogen compounds"" summarizes all chemical species containing nitrogen atoms. The list of individual species that are included in this quantity can vary between models. Where possible, the data variable should be accompanied by a complete description of the species represented, for example, by using a comment attribute. The specification of a physical process by the phrase ""due_to_"" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. ""All land processes"" means plant and soil respiration, photosynthesis, animal grazing, crop harvesting, natural fires and anthropogenic land use change.";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;fVegFire; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Carbon Mass Flux from Vegetation into Atmosphere due to CO2 Emission from all Fire";"Required for unambiguous separation of vegetation and soil + litter turnover times, since total fire flux draws from both sources";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;fVegLitterMortality; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Total Carbon Mass Flux from Vegetation to Litter as a Result of Mortality";"needed to separate changing vegetation C turnover times resulting from changing allocation versus changing mortality";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;fVegLitterSenescence; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Total Carbon Mass Flux from Vegetation to Litter as a Result of Leaf, Branch, and Root Senescence";"needed to separate changing vegetation C turnover times resulting from changing allocation versus changing mortality";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;fVegSoilMortality; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Total Carbon Mass Flux from Vegetation to Soil as a result of mortality";"needed to separate changing vegetation C turnover times resulting from changing allocation versus changing mortality";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;fVegSoilSenescence; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Total Carbon Mass Flux from Vegetation to Soil as a result of leaf, branch, and root senescence";"needed to separate changing vegetation C turnover times resulting from changing allocation versus changing mortality";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;gppGrass; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"gross primary production on grass tiles";"Total GPP of grass in the gridcell";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;gppShrub; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"gross primary production on Shrub tiles";"Total GPP of shrubs in the gridcell";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;gppTree; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"gross primary production on tree tiles";"Total GPP of trees in the gridcell";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;gppc13; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Mass Flux of 13C out of Atmosphere due to Gross Primary Production on Land";"";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;gppc14; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Mass Flux of 14C out of Atmosphere due to Gross Primary Production on Land";"";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;landCoverFrac; ;no;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Percentage of Area by Vegetation/Land Cover Category";"Percentage of grid cell area occupied by different model vegetation/land cover categories. The categories may differ from model to model, depending on each model's subgrid land cover category definitions. Categories may include natural vegetation, anthropogenic vegetation, bare soil, lakes, urban areas, glaciers, etc. Sum of all should equal the fraction of the grid-cell that is land.";%
2;land;libmassbffl; ;no;ISMIP6;mon,yr;"Basal specific mass balance flux of floating ice shelf";"Specific mass balance means the net rate at which ice is added per unit area at the land ice base.  A negative value means loss of ice. Computed as the total basal mass balance on the floating land ice (floating ice shelf) portion of the grid cell divided by floating land ice (floating ice shelf) area in the grid cell. Cell_methods: area: mean where floating_ice_shelf";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;libmassbfgr; ;no;ISMIP6;mon,yr;"Basal specific mass balance flux of grounded ice sheet";"Specific mass balance means the net rate at which ice is added per unit area at the land ice base.  A negative value means loss of ice. Computed as the total basal mass balance on the grounded land ice portion of the grid cell divided by grounded land ice area in the grid cell. Cell_methods: area: mean where grounded_ice_sheet";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;litempbotfl; ;no;ISMIP6;mon,yr;"Basal temperature of floating ice shelf";"Basal temperature that is used to force the ice sheet models, it is the temperature AT ice shelf-ocean interface.  Cell_methods: area: mean where floating_ice_shelf";K
2;land;litempbotgr; ;no;ISMIP6;mon,yr;"Basal temperature of grounded ice sheet";"Basal temperature that is used to force the ice sheet models, it is the temperature AT ice sheet - bedrock interface. Cell_methods: area: mean where grounded_ice_sheet";K
2;land;litemptop; ;no;ISMIP6;mon,yr;"Temperature at top of ice sheet model";"Upper boundary temperature that is used to force ice sheet models. It is the temperature at the base of the snowpack models, and does not vary with seasons. Report surface temperature of ice sheet where snow thickness is zero";K
2;land;litemptopIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Temperature at top of ice sheet model";"Upper boundary temperature that is used to force ice sheet models. It is the temperature at the base of the snowpack models, and does not vary with seasons. Report surface temperature of ice sheet where snow thickness is zero";K
2;land;lithk; ;no;ISMIP6;fx,yr;"Ice Sheet Thickness";"The thickness of the ice sheet";m
2;land;lwsnl; ; ;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;day,mon;"Liquid Water Content of Snow Layer";"The total mass of liquid water contained interstitially within the whole depth of the snow layer of the land portion of a grid cell divided by the area of the land portion of the cell.";kg m-2
2;land;nLeaf; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Nitrogen Mass in Leaves";"""Content"" indicates a quantity per unit area.";kg m-2
2;land;nLitterCwd; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Nitrogen Mass in Coarse Woody Debris";"""Content"" indicates a quantity per unit area. ""Wood debris"" means dead organic matter composed of coarse wood. It is distinct from fine litter. The precise distinction between ""fine"" and ""coarse"" is model dependent. The sum of the quantities with standard names wood_debris_mass_content_of_nitrogen, surface_litter_mass_content_of_nitrogen and subsurface_litter_mass_content_of_nitrogen is the total nitrogen mass content of dead plant material.";kg m-2
2;land;nLitterSubSurf; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Nitrogen Mass in below ground litter (non CWD)";"""Content"" indicates a quantity per unit area. ""Litter"" is dead plant material in or above the soil. It is distinct from coarse wood debris. The precise distinction between ""fine"" and ""coarse"" is model dependent. ""Subsurface litter"" means the part of the litter mixed within the soil below the surface. The sum of the quantities with standard names wood_debris_mass_content_of_nitrogen, surface_litter_mass_content_of_nitrogen and subsurface_litter_mass_content_of_nitrogen is the total nitrogen mass content of dead plant material.";kg m-2
2;land;nLitterSurf; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Nitrogen Mass in above ground litter (non CWD)";"""Content"" indicates a quantity per unit area. ""Litter"" is dead plant material in or above the soil. It is distinct from coarse wood debris. The precise distinction between ""fine"" and ""coarse"" is model dependent. ""Surface litter"" means the part of the litter resting above the soil surface. The sum of the quantities with standard names wood_debris_mass_content_of_nitrogen, surface_litter_mass_content_of_nitrogen and subsurface_litter_mass_content_of_nitrogen is the total nitrogen mass content of dead plant material.";kg m-2
2;land;nMineralNH4; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Mineral ammonium in the soil";"SUM of ammonium over all soil layers";kg m-2
2;land;nMineralNO3; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Mineral nitrate in the soil";"SUM of nitrate over all soil layers";kg m-2
2;land;nOther; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Nitrogen mass in vegetation components other than leaves, stem and root";"E.g. fruits, seeds, etc.";kg m-2
2;land;nRoot; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Nitrogen Mass in Roots";"including fine and coarse roots.";kg m-2
2;land;nStem; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Nitrogen Mass in Stem";"including sapwood and hardwood.";kg m-2
2;land;netAtmosLandC13Flux; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Net Mass Flux of 13C between atmosphere and land (positive into land) as a result of all processes.";"";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;netAtmosLandC14Flux; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Net Mass Flux of 14C between atmosphere and land (positive into land) as a result of all processes.";"";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;nppGrass; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"net primary production on grass tiles";"Total NPP of grass in the gridcell";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;nppLeaf;LEAFC_ALLOC;partly;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Carbon Mass Flux due to NPP Allocation to Leaf";"This is the rate of carbon uptake by leaves due to NPP";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;nppOther; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Net Primary Production Allocated to Other Pools (not leaves stem or roots)";"added for completeness with npp_root";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;nppRoot;FROOTC_ALLOC;partly;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Carbon Mass Flux due to NPP Allocation to Roots";"This is the rate of carbon uptake by roots due to NPP";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;nppShrub; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"net primary production on Shrub tiles";"Total NPP of shrubs in the gridcell";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;nppStem; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Net Primary Production Allocated to Stem";"added for completeness with npp_root";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;nppTree; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"net primary production on tree tiles";"Total NPP of trees in the gridcell";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;nppWood;WOODC_ALLOC;partly;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Carbon Mass Flux due to NPP Allocation to Wood";"This is the rate of carbon uptake by wood due to NPP";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;pastureFracC3; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"C3 Pasture Area Percentage";"Percentage of entire grid cell covered by C3 pasture";%
2;land;pastureFracC4; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"C4 Pasture Area Percentage";"Percentage of entire grid cell covered by C4 pasture";%
2;land;prveg;QINTR;partly;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;day,mon;"Precipitation onto Canopy";"The precipitation flux that is intercepted by the vegetation canopy (if present in model) before reaching the ground.";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;rGrowth;MR;partly;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Carbon Mass Flux into Atmosphere due to Growth Autotrophic Respiration on Land";"alias::surface_upward_carbon_mass_flux_due_to_plant_respiration_for_biomass_growth";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;rMaint;GR;partly;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Carbon Mass Flux into Atmosphere due to Maintenance Autotrophic Respiration on Land";"alias::surface_upward_carbon_mass_flux_due_to_plant_respiration_for_biomass_maintenance";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;raGrass; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Autotrophic rRespiration on Grass Tiles";"Total RA of grass in the gridcell";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;raLeaf; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Total respiration from leaves";"added for completeness with Ra_root";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;raOther; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Total respiration from other pools (not leaves stem or roots)";"added for completeness with Ra_root";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;raRoot; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Total Respiration from Roots";"Total autotrophic respiration from all belowground plant parts.  This has benchmarking value because the sum of Rh and root respiration can be compared to observations of total soil respiration.";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;raShrub; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"autotrophic respiration on Shrub tiles";"Total RA of shrubs in the gridcell";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;raStem; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Total Respiration from Stem";"added for completeness with Ra_root";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;raTree; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"autotrophic respiration on tree tiles";"Total RA of trees in the gridcell";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;rac13; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Mass Flux of 13C into Atmosphere due to Autotrophic (Plant) Respiration on Land";"";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;rac14; ;no;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Mass Flux of 14C into Atmosphere due to Autotrophic (Plant) Respiration on Land";"";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;rhGrass; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"heterotrophic respiration on grass tiles";"Total RH of grass in the gridcell";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;rhLitter; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Carbon Mass Flux into Atmosphere due to Heterotrophic Respiration from Litter on Land";"Needed to calculate litter bulk turnover time. Includes respiration from CWD as well.";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;rhShrub; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"heterotrophic respiration on Shrub tiles";"Total RH of shrubs in the gridcell";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;rhSoil; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Carbon Mass Flux into Atmosphere due to Heterotrophic Respiration from Soil on Land";"Needed to calculate soil bulk turnover time";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;rhTree; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"heterotrophic respiration on tree tiles";"Total RH of trees in the gridcell";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;rhc13; ;no;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Mass Flux of 13C into Atmosphere due to Heterotrophic Respiration on Land";"";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;rhc14; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Mass Flux of 14C into Atmosphere due to Heterotrophic Respiration on Land";"";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;sftflf; ;no;ISMIP6;fx,mon,yr;"Floating Ice Shelf  Area Fraction";"Fraction of grid cell covered by floating ice shelf, the component of the ice sheet that is flowing over sea water";%
2;land;snicefreez; ;no;ISMIP6;mon;"Surface snow and ice refreeze flux";"Mass flux of surface meltwater which refreezes within the snowpack. Computed as the total refreezing on the land ice portion of the grid cell divided by land ice area in the grid cell.";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;snicefreezIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Surface Snow and Ice Refreeze Flux";"Mass flux of surface meltwater which refreezes within the snowpack. Computed as the total refreezing on the land ice portion of the grid cell divided by land ice area in the grid cell.";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;snicem; ;no;ISMIP6;mon;"Surface snow and ice melt flux";"Loss of snow and ice mass resulting from surface melting. Computed as the total surface melt on the land ice portion of the grid cell divided by land ice area in the grid cell.";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;snicemIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Surface Snow and Ice Melt Flux";"Loss of snow and ice mass resulting from surface melting. Computed as the total surface melt on the land ice portion of the grid cell divided by land ice area in the grid cell.";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;sootsn; ; ;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;day,mon;"Snow Soot Content";"the entire land portion of the grid cell is considered, with snow soot content set to 0.0 in regions free of snow.";kg m-2
2;land;tSoilPools; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"turnover rate of each model soil carbon pool";"defined as 1/(turnover time) for each soil pool. Use the same pools reported under cSoilPools";s-1
2;land;topg; ;no;ISMIP6;fx,yr;"Bedrock Altitude";"The bedrock topography beneath the land ice";m
2;land;treeFracPrimDec; ;no;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Percentage Cover by Primary Deciduous Tree";"Percentage of the entire grid cell  that is covered by total primary deciduous trees.";%
2;land;treeFracPrimEver; ;no;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Percentage Cover Primary Evergreen Tree";"Percentage of entire grid cell  that is covered by primary evergreen trees.";%
2;land;treeFracSecDec; ;no;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Percentage Cover of Secondary Deciduous Tree";"Percentage of entire grid cell  that is covered by secondary deciduous trees.";%
2;land;treeFracSecEver; ;no;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Percentage Cover Secondary Evergreen Tree";"Percentage of entire grid cell  that is covered by secondary evergreen trees.";%
2;land;tsl;TSOI;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;6hr,day,mon;"Temperature of Soil";"Temperature of soil. Reported as missing for grid cells with no land.";K
2;land;vegHeight; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,HighResMIP,LUMIP,PMIP;fx,mon;"Vegetation height averaged over all vegetation types and over the vegetated fraction of a grid cell.";"Height is the vertical distance above the surface. ""Canopy"" means the plant or vegetation canopy.";m
2;land;vegHeightCrop; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Vegetation height averaged over the crop fraction of a grid cell.";"Height is the vertical distance above the surface. ""Canopy"" means the plant or vegetation canopy.";m
2;land;vegHeightGrass; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Vegetation height averaged over the grass fraction of a grid cell.";"Height is the vertical distance above the surface. ""Canopy"" means the plant or vegetation canopy.";m
2;land;vegHeightPasture; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Vegetation height averaged over the pasture fraction of a grid cell.";"Height is the vertical distance above the surface. ""Canopy"" means the plant or vegetation canopy.";m
2;land;vegHeightShrub; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Vegetation height averaged over the shrub fraction of a grid cell.";"Height is the vertical distance above the surface. ""Canopy"" means the plant or vegetation canopy.";m
2;land;vegHeightTree; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Vegetation height averaged over the tree fraction of a grid cell.";"Height is the vertical distance above the surface. ""Canopy"" means the plant or vegetation canopy.";m
2;land;wetlandCH4; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Grid averaged methane emissions from wetlands";"";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;wetlandCH4cons; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Grid Averaged Methane Consumption (Methanotrophy) from Wetlands";"The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. ""Downward"" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed downward (negative upward). In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics. The chemical formula for methane is CH4. The mass is the total mass of the molecules. The specification of a physical process by the phrase ""due_to_"" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. Wetlands are areas where water covers the soil, or is present either at or near the surface of the soil all year or for varying periods of time during the year, including during the growing season. The precise conditions under which wetlands produce and consume methane can vary between models.";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;wetlandCH4prod; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP;mon;"Grid averaged methane production (methanogenesis) from wetlands";"The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. ""Upward"" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics. The chemical formula for methane is CH4. The mass is the total mass of the molecules. The phrase ""tendency_of_X"" means derivative of X with respect to time. The specification of a physical process by the phrase ""due_to_"" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. ""Emission"" means emission from a primary source located anywhere within the atmosphere, including at the lower boundary (i.e. the surface of the earth). ""Emission"" is a process entirely distinct from ""re-emission"" which is used in some standard names. Wetlands are areas where water covers the soil, or is present either at or near the surface of the soil all year or for varying periods of time during the year, including during the growing season. The precise conditions under which wetlands produce and consume methane can vary between models.";kg m-2 s-1
2;land;wetlandFrac; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Fraction of a grid cell covered by wetland.";"Report only one year if specified fraction is used, or time series if values are determined dynamically.";%
2;land;xvelbase; ;no;ISMIP6;yr;"X-component of land ice basal velocity";"A velocity is a vector quantity. ""x"" indicates a vector component along the grid x-axis, positive with increasing x. ""Land ice"" means glaciers, ice-caps and ice-sheets resting on bedrock and also includes ice-shelves. ""basal"" means the lower boundary of the land ice.";m s-1
2;land;xvelsurf; ;no;ISMIP6;yr;"X-component of land ice surface velocity";"A velocity is a vector quantity. ""x"" indicates a vector component along the grid x-axis, positive with increasing x. ""Land ice"" means glaciers, ice-caps and ice-sheets resting on bedrock and also includes ice-shelves. The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere.";m s-1
2;land;yvelbase; ;no;ISMIP6;yr;"Y-component of land ice basal velocity";"A velocity is a vector quantity. ""y"" indicates a vector component along the grid y-axis, positive with increasing y. ""Land ice"" means glaciers, ice-caps and ice-sheets resting on bedrock and also includes ice-shelves. ""basal"" means the lower boundary of the land ice.";m s-1
2;land;yvelsurf; ;no;ISMIP6;yr;"Y-component of land ice surface velocity";"A velocity is a vector quantity. ""y"" indicates a vector component along the grid y-axis, positive with increasing y. ""Land ice"" means glaciers, ice-caps and ice-sheets resting on bedrock and also includes ice-shelves. The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere.'";m s-1
2;landIce;acabf; ;no;ISMIP6;mon,yr;"Surface Mass Balance flux";"Specific mass balance means the net rate at which ice is added per unit area at the land ice surface. Computed as the total surface mass balance on the land ice portion of the grid cell divided by land ice area in the grid cell. A negative value means loss of ice";kg m-2 s-1
2;landIce;acabfIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Surface Mass Balance flux";"Specific mass balance means the net rate at which ice is added per unit area at the land ice surface. Computed as the total surface mass balance on the land ice portion of the grid cell divided by land ice area in the grid cell. A negative value means loss of ice";kg m-2 s-1
2;landIce;libmassbffl; ;no;ISMIP6;mon,yr;"Basal specific mass balance flux of floating ice shelf";"Specific mass balance means the net rate at which ice is added per unit area at the land ice base.  A negative value means loss of ice. Computed as the total basal mass balance on the floating land ice (floating ice shelf) portion of the grid cell divided by floating land ice (floating ice shelf) area in the grid cell. Cell_methods: area: mean where floating_ice_shelf";kg m-2 s-1
2;landIce;libmassbfgr; ;no;ISMIP6;mon,yr;"Basal specific mass balance flux of grounded ice sheet";"Specific mass balance means the net rate at which ice is added per unit area at the land ice base.  A negative value means loss of ice. Computed as the total basal mass balance on the grounded land ice portion of the grid cell divided by grounded land ice area in the grid cell. Cell_methods: area: mean where grounded_ice_sheet";kg m-2 s-1
2;landIce;litempbotfl; ;no;ISMIP6;mon,yr;"Basal temperature of floating ice shelf";"Basal temperature that is used to force the ice sheet models, it is the temperature AT ice shelf-ocean interface.  Cell_methods: area: mean where floating_ice_shelf";K
2;landIce;litempbotgr; ;no;ISMIP6;mon,yr;"Basal temperature of grounded ice sheet";"Basal temperature that is used to force the ice sheet models, it is the temperature AT ice sheet - bedrock interface. Cell_methods: area: mean where grounded_ice_sheet";K
2;landIce;litemptop; ;no;ISMIP6;mon,yr;"Temperature at top of ice sheet model";"Upper boundary temperature that is used to force ice sheet models. It is the temperature at the base of the snowpack models, and does not vary with seasons. Report surface temperature of ice sheet where snow thickness is zero";K
2;landIce;litemptopIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Temperature at top of ice sheet model";"Upper boundary temperature that is used to force ice sheet models. It is the temperature at the base of the snowpack models, and does not vary with seasons. Report surface temperature of ice sheet where snow thickness is zero";K
2;landIce;lithk; ;no;ISMIP6;fx,yr;"Ice Sheet Thickness";"The thickness of the ice sheet";m
2;landIce;lwsnl; ; ;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;day,mon;"Liquid Water Content of Snow Layer";"The total mass of liquid water contained interstitially within the whole depth of the snow layer of the land portion of a grid cell divided by the area of the land portion of the cell.";kg m-2
2;landIce;sftflf; ;no;ISMIP6;fx,mon,yr;"Floating Ice Shelf  Area Fraction";"Fraction of grid cell covered by floating ice shelf, the component of the ice sheet that is flowing over sea water";%
2;landIce;snicefreez; ;no;ISMIP6;mon;"Surface snow and ice refreeze flux";"Mass flux of surface meltwater which refreezes within the snowpack. Computed as the total refreezing on the land ice portion of the grid cell divided by land ice area in the grid cell.";kg m-2 s-1
2;landIce;snicefreezIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Surface Snow and Ice Refreeze Flux";"Mass flux of surface meltwater which refreezes within the snowpack. Computed as the total refreezing on the land ice portion of the grid cell divided by land ice area in the grid cell.";kg m-2 s-1
2;landIce;snicem; ;no;ISMIP6;mon;"Surface snow and ice melt flux";"Loss of snow and ice mass resulting from surface melting. Computed as the total surface melt on the land ice portion of the grid cell divided by land ice area in the grid cell.";kg m-2 s-1
2;landIce;snicemIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Surface Snow and Ice Melt Flux";"Loss of snow and ice mass resulting from surface melting. Computed as the total surface melt on the land ice portion of the grid cell divided by land ice area in the grid cell.";kg m-2 s-1
2;landIce;sootsn; ; ;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;day,mon;"Snow Soot Content";"the entire land portion of the grid cell is considered, with snow soot content set to 0.0 in regions free of snow.";kg m-2
2;landIce;topg; ;no;ISMIP6;fx,yr;"Bedrock Altitude";"The bedrock topography beneath the land ice";m
2;landIce;xvelbase; ;no;ISMIP6;yr;"X-component of land ice basal velocity";"A velocity is a vector quantity. ""x"" indicates a vector component along the grid x-axis, positive with increasing x. ""Land ice"" means glaciers, ice-caps and ice-sheets resting on bedrock and also includes ice-shelves. ""basal"" means the lower boundary of the land ice.";m s-1
2;landIce;xvelsurf; ;no;ISMIP6;yr;"X-component of land ice surface velocity";"A velocity is a vector quantity. ""x"" indicates a vector component along the grid x-axis, positive with increasing x. ""Land ice"" means glaciers, ice-caps and ice-sheets resting on bedrock and also includes ice-shelves. The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere.";m s-1
2;landIce;yvelbase; ;no;ISMIP6;yr;"Y-component of land ice basal velocity";"A velocity is a vector quantity. ""y"" indicates a vector component along the grid y-axis, positive with increasing y. ""Land ice"" means glaciers, ice-caps and ice-sheets resting on bedrock and also includes ice-shelves. ""basal"" means the lower boundary of the land ice.";m s-1
2;landIce;yvelsurf; ;no;ISMIP6;yr;"Y-component of land ice surface velocity";"A velocity is a vector quantity. ""y"" indicates a vector component along the grid y-axis, positive with increasing y. ""Land ice"" means glaciers, ice-caps and ice-sheets resting on bedrock and also includes ice-shelves. The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere.'";m s-1
2;ocean;evs; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Water Evaporation Flux Where Ice Free Ocean over Sea";"computed as the total mass of water vapor evaporating from the ice-free portion of the ocean  divided by the area of the ocean portion of the grid cell.";kg m-2 s-1
2;ocean;fgcfc11; ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Surface Downward CFC11 flux";"gas exchange flux of CFC11";mol sec-1 m-2
2;ocean;fgsf6; ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon;"Surface Downward SF6 flux";"gas exchange flux of SF6";mol sec-1 m-2
2;ocean;ficeberg; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,ISMIP6,LS3MIP,OMIP,VolMIP;mon;"Water Flux into Sea Water From Icebergs";"computed as the iceberg melt water  flux into the ocean divided by the area of the ocean portion of the grid cell.";kg m-2 s-1
2;ocean;friver; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Water Flux into Sea Water From Rivers";"computed as the river flux of water into the ocean divided by the area of the ocean portion of the grid cell.";kg m-2 s-1
2;ocean;hfevapds; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Temperature Flux due to Evaporation Expressed as Heat Flux Out of Sea Water";"This is defined as ""where ice_free_sea over sea""";W m-2
2;ocean;hfibthermds; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VolMIP;mon;"Heat Flux into Sea Water due to Iceberg Thermodynamics";"In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics.  The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a  single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity  named by omitting the phrase.  "" Iceberg thermodynamics"" refers to the addition or subtraction of mass due to surface and basal fluxes, i.e., due to melting, sublimation and fusion.";W m-2
2;ocean;hflso; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VolMIP;mon;"Surface Downward Latent Heat Flux";"This is defined as with the cell methods string: where ice_free_sea over sea";W m-2
2;ocean;hfrainds; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Temperature Flux due to Rainfall Expressed as Heat Flux into Sea Water";"This is defined as ""where ice_free_sea over sea""; i.e., the total flux (considered here) entering the ice-free portion of the grid cell divided by the area of the ocean portion of the grid cell.  All such heat fluxes are computed based on Celsius scale.";W m-2
2;ocean;hfrunoffds; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VolMIP;mon;"Temperature Flux due to Runoff Expressed as Heat Flux into Sea Water";"Runoff is the liquid water which drains from land. If not specified, ""runoff"" refers to the sum of surface runoff and subsurface drainage.  The quantity with standard name temperature_flux_due_to_runoff_expressed_as_heat_flux_into_sea_water is the heat carried by the transfer of water into the liquid ocean by the process of runoff. This quantity additonally includes melt water from sea ice and icebergs. It is calculated relative to the heat that would be transported by runoff water entering the sea at zero degrees Celsius.  It is calculated as the product QrunoffCpTrunoff, where Q runoff is the mass flux of liquid runoff entering the sea water (kg m-2 s-1), Cp is the specific heat capacity of water, and Trunoff is the temperature in degrees Celsius of the runoff water. In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics.  The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a  single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity  named by omitting the phrase.";W m-2
2;ocean;hfsnthermds; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VolMIP;mon;"Heat Flux into Sea Water due to Snow Thermodynamics";"In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics.  The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a  single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity  named by omitting the phrase.  ""Snow thermodynamics"" refers to the addition or subtraction of mass due to surface and basal fluxes, i.e., due to melting, sublimation and fusion.";W m-2
2;ocean;hfsso; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VolMIP;mon;"Surface Downward Sensible Heat Flux";"This is defined as ""where ice_free_sea over sea""";W m-2
2;ocean;hfx; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Ocean Heat X Transport";"Contains all contributions to ""x-ward"" heat transport from resolved and parameterized processes.  Use Celsius for temperature scale.";W
2;ocean;hfy; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Ocean Heat Y Transport";"Contains all contributions to ""y-ward"" heat transport from resolved and parameterized processes. Use Celsius for temperature scale.";W
2;ocean;htovgyre; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Northward Ocean Heat Transport due to Gyre";"From all advective mass transport processes, resolved and parameterized.";W
2;ocean;htovovrt; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Northward Ocean Heat Transport due to Overturning";"From all advective mass transport processes, resolved and parameterized.";W
2;ocean;mfo; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Sea Water Transport";"Transport across_line means that which crosses a particular line on the Earth's surface; formally this means the integral along the line of the normal component of the transport.";kg s-1
2;ocean;ocontempdiff; ; ;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Tendency of Sea Water Conservative Temperature Expressed as Heat Content due to parameterized dianeutral mixing";"Tendency of heat content for a grid cell from parameterized dianeutral mixing. Reported only for models that use conservative temperature as prognostic field.";W m-2
2;ocean;ocontemppadvect; ; ;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Tendency of Sea Water Conservative Temperature Expressed as Heat Content due to parameterized eddy advection";"Tendency of heat content for a grid cell from parameterized eddy advection (any form of eddy advection). Reported only for models that use conservative temperature as prognostic field.";W m-2
2;ocean;ocontemppmdiff; ; ;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Tendency of Sea Water Conservative Temperature Expressed as Heat Content due to parameterized mesoscale diffusion";"Tendency of heat content for a grid cell from parameterized mesoscale eddy diffusion. Reported only for models that use conservative temperature as prognostic field.";W m-2
2;ocean;ocontemppsmadvect; ; ;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Tendency of Sea Water Conservative Temperature Expressed as Heat Content due to parameterized submesoscale advection";"Tendency of heat content for a grid cell from parameterized submesoscale eddy advection. Reported only for models that use conservative temperature as prognostic field.";W m-2
2;ocean;ocontemprmadvect; ; ;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Tendency of Sea Water Conservative Temperature Expressed as Heat Content due to Residual Mean Advection";"""tendency_of_X"" means derivative of X with respect to time. ""Content"" indicates a quantity per unit area. The phrase ""expressed_as_heat_content"" means that this quantity is calculated as the specific heat capacity times density of sea water multiplied by the conservative temperature of the sea water in the grid cell. Conservative Temperature is defined as part of the Thermodynamic Equation of Seawater 2010 (TEOS-10) which was adopted in 2010 by the International Oceanographic Commission (IOC). Conservative Temperature is specific potential enthalpy (which has the standard name sea_water_specific_potential_enthalpy) divided by a fixed value of the specific heat capacity of sea water, namely cp_0 = 3991.86795711963 J kg-1 K-1. Conservative Temperature is a more accurate measure of the ""heat content"" of sea water, by a factor of one hundred, than is potential temperature. Because of this, it can be regarded as being proportional to the heat content of sea water per unit mass. Reference: www.teos-10.org; McDougall, 2003 doi: 10.1175/1520-0485(2003)033<0945:PEACOV>2.0.CO;2. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. The phrase ""residual_mean_advection"" refers to the sum of the model's resolved advective transport plus any parameterized advective transport. Parameterized advective transport includes processes such as parameterized mesoscale and submesoscale transport, as well as any other advectively parameterized transport. When the parameterized advective transport is represented in the model as a skew-diffusion rather than an advection, then the parameterized skew diffusion should be included in this diagnostic, since the convergence of skew-fluxes are identical (in the continuous formulation) to the convergence of advective fluxes.";W m-2
2;ocean;ocontemptend; ; ;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Tendency of Sea Water Conservative Temperature Expressed as Heat Content";"Tendency of heat content for a grid cell from all processes. Reported only for models that use conservative temperature as prognostic field.";W m-2
2;ocean;opottempdiff; ; ;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Tendency of Sea Water Potential Temperature Expressed as Heat Content due to Parameterized Dianeutral Mixing";"Tendency of heat content for a grid cell from parameterized dianeutral mixing. Reported only for models that use potential temperature as prognostic field.";W m-2
2;ocean;opottemppadvect; ; ;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Tendency of Sea Water Potential Temperature Expressed as Heat Content due to Parameterized Eddy Advection";"Tendency of heat content for a grid cell from parameterized eddy advection (any form of eddy advection). Reported only for models that use potential temperature as prognostic field.";W m-2
2;ocean;opottemppmdiff; ; ;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Tendency of Sea water Potential Temperature expressed as heat content due to parameterized mesoscale diffusion";"Tendency of heat content for a grid cell from parameterized mesoscale eddy diffusion. Reported only for models that use potential temperature as prognostic field.";W m-2
2;ocean;opottemppsmadvect; ; ;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Tendency of Sea water Potential Temperature expressed as heat content due to parameterized submesoscale advection";"Tendency of heat content for a grid cell from parameterized submesoscale eddy advection. Reported only for models that use potential temperature as prognostic field.";W m-2
2;ocean;opottemprmadvect; ; ;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Tendency of Sea Eater Potential Temperature Expressed as Heat Content due to Residual Mean Advection";"The phrase ""tendency_of_X"" means derivative of X with respect to time. ""Content"" indicates a quantity per unit area. The phrase ""expressed_as_heat_content"" means that this quantity is calculated as the specific heat capacity times density of sea water multiplied by the potential temperature of the sea water in the grid cell. Potential temperature is the temperature a parcel of air or sea water would have if moved adiabatically to sea level pressure. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. The phrase ""residual_mean_advection"" refers to the sum of the model's resolved advective transport plus any parameterized advective transport. Parameterized advective transport includes processes such as parameterized mesoscale and submesoscale transport, as well as any other advectively parameterized transport. When the parameterized advective transport is represented in the model as a skew-diffusion rather than an advection, then the parameterized skew diffusion should be included in this diagnostic, since the convergence of skew-fluxes are identical (in the continuous formulation) to the convergence of advective fluxes.";W m-2
2;ocean;opottemptend; ; ;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Tendency of Sea water Potential Temperature expressed as heat content";"Tendency of heat content for a grid cell from all processes. Reported only for models that use potential temperature as prognostic field.";W m-2
2;ocean;osaltdiff; ; ;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Tendency of Sea water Salinity expressed as salt content due to parameterized dianeutral mixing";"Tendency of salt content for a grid cell from parameterized dianeutral mixing.";kg m-2 s-1
2;ocean;osaltpadvect; ; ;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Tendency of Sea water Salinity expressed as salt content due to parameterized eddy advection";"Tendency of salt content for a grid cell from parameterized eddy advection (any form of eddy advection).";kg m-2 s-1
2;ocean;osaltpmdiff; ; ;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Tendency of Sea water Salinity expressed as salt content due to parameterized mesoscale diffusion";"Tendency of salt content for a grid cell from parameterized mesoscale eddy diffusion.";kg m-2 s-1
2;ocean;osaltpsmadvect; ; ;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Tendency of Sea Water Salinity Expressed as Salt Content due to Parameterized Submesoscale Advection";"Tendency of salt content for a grid cell from parameterized submesoscale eddy advection.";kg m-2 s-1
2;ocean;osaltrmadvect; ; ;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Tendency of Sea Water Salinity Expressed as Salt Content due to Residual Mean Advection";"The phrase ""tendency_of_X"" means derivative of X with respect to time. ""Content"" indicates a quantity per unit area. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. The phrase ""residual_mean_advection"" refers to the sum of the model's resolved advective transport plus any parameterized advective transport. Parameterized advective transport includes processes such as parameterized mesoscale and submesoscale transport, as well as any other advectively parameterized transport. When the parameterized advective transport is represented in the model as a skew-diffusion rather than an advection, then the parameterized skew diffusion should be included in this diagnostic, since the convergence of skew-fluxes are identical (in the continuous formulation) to the convergence of advective fluxes.";kg m-2 s-1
2;ocean;osalttend; ; ;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Tendency of Sea water Salinity expressed as salt content";"Tendency of salt content for a grid cell from all processes.";kg m-2 s-1
2;ocean;rlntds; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VolMIP;mon;"Surface Net Downward Longwave Radiation";"This is defined as ""where ice_free_sea over sea""";W m-2
2;ocean;rsdo; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Downwelling Shortwave Radiation in Sea Water";"Downwelling radiation is radiation from above. It does not mean ""net downward"".  When thought of as being incident on a surface, a radiative flux is sometimes called ""irradiance"".  In addition, it is identical with the quantity measured by a cosine-collector light-meter and sometimes called ""vector irradiance"".  In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics.  ""shortwave"" means shortwave radiation.";W m-2
2;ocean;rsdoabsorb; ; ;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Net Rate of Absorption of Shortwave Energy in Ocean Layer";"""shortwave"" means shortwave radiation. ""Layer"" means any layer with upper and lower boundaries that have constant values in some vertical coordinate. There must be a vertical coordinate variable indicating the extent of the layer(s). If the layers are model layers, the vertical coordinate can be model_level_number, but it is recommended to specify a physical coordinate (in a scalar or auxiliary coordinate variable) as well. Net absorbed radiation is the difference between absorbed and emitted radiation.";W m-2
2;ocean;rsntds; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Net Downward Shortwave Radiation at Sea Water Surface";"This is the flux into the surface of liquid sea water only. This excludes shortwave flux absorbed by sea ice, but includes any light that passes through the ice and is absorbed by the ocean.";W m-2
2;ocean;sf6; ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Moles Per Unit Mass of SF6 in Sea Water";"Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called ""molarity"", and is used in the construction ""mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y"", where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as ""nitrogen"" or a phrase such as ""nox_expressed_as_nitrogen"". The chemical formula of sulfur hexafluoride is SF6.";mol m-3
2;ocean;sltbasin;msflx;partly;PMIP;mon;"Northward Ocean Salt Transport";"function of latitude, basin";kg s-1
2;ocean;sltovgyre; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Northward Ocean Salt Transport due to Gyre";"From all advective mass transport processes, resolved and parameterized.";kg s-1
2;ocean;sltovovrt; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Northward Ocean Salt Transport due to Overturning";"From all advective mass transport processes, resolved and parameterized.";kg s-1
2;ocean;somint; ;no;AerChemMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,FAFMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Depth Integral of Product of Sea Water Density and Prognostic Salinity";"Full column sum of density*cell thickness*prognostic salinity. If the model is Boussinesq, then use Boussinesq reference density for the density factor.";1e-3 kg m-2
2;ocean;vsf; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Virtual Salt Flux into Sea Water";"It is set to zero in models which receive a real water flux.";kg m-2 s-1
2;ocean;vsfcorr; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Virtual Salt Flux Correction";"It is set to zero in models which receive a real water flux.";kg m-2 s-1
2;ocean;vsfevap; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Virtual Salt Flux into Sea Water due to Evaporation";"zero for models using real water fluxes.";kg m-2 s-1
2;ocean;vsfpr; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Virtual Salt Flux into Sea Water due to Rainfall";"zero for models using real water fluxes.";kg m-2 s-1
2;ocean;vsfriver; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Virtual Salt Flux into Sea Water From Rivers";"zero for models using real water fluxes.";kg m-2 s-1
2;ocean;vsfsit; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Virtual Salt Flux into Sea Water due to Sea Ice Thermodynamics";"This variable measures the virtual salt flux into sea water due to the melting of sea ice. It is set to zero in models which receive a real water flux.";kg m-2 s-1
2;ocnBgChem;arag; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Aragonite Concentration";"Sum of particulate aragonite components (e.g. Phytoplankton, Detrital, etc.)";mol m-3
2;ocnBgChem;bacc; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Bacterial Carbon Concentration";"Sum of bacterial carbon component concentrations";mol m-3
2;ocnBgChem;bfe; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon,yr;"Particulate Biogenic Iron Concentration";"Sum of particulate organic iron component concentrations";mol m-3
2;ocnBgChem;bsi; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon,yr;"Particulate Biogenic Silica Concentration";"Sum of particulate silica component concentrations";mol m-3
2;ocnBgChem;calc; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Calcite Concentration";"Sum of particulate calcite component concentrations (e.g. Phytoplankton, Detrital, etc.)";mol m-3
2;ocnBgChem;chlcalc; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon,yr;"Mass Concentration of Calcareous Phytoplankton expressed as Chlorophyll in Sea Water";"chlorophyll concentration from the calcite-producing phytoplankton component alone";kg m-3
2;ocnBgChem;chldiat; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon,yr;"Diatom Chlorophyll Mass Concentration";"Chlorophyll from diatom phytoplankton component concentration alone";kg m-3
2;ocnBgChem;chldiaz; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon,yr;"Mass Concentration of Diazotrophs expressed as Chlorophyll in Sea Water";"Chlorophyll concentration from the diazotrophic phytoplankton component alone";kg m-3
2;ocnBgChem;chlmisc; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon,yr;"Other Phytoplankton Chlorophyll Mass Concentration";"Chlorophyll from additional phytoplankton component concentrations alone";kg m-3
2;ocnBgChem;chlpico; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon,yr;"Mass Concentration of Picophytoplankton expressed as Chlorophyll in Sea Water";"chlorophyll concentration from the picophytoplankton (<2 um) component alone";kg m-3
2;ocnBgChem;co3; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Carbonate Ion Concentration";"'Mole concentration' means number of moles per unit volume, also called""molarity"", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, whereX is a material constituent of Y.  A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. The phrase 'expressed_as' is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. The chemical formula of the carbonate anion is CO3 with a charge of minus two.";mol m-3
2;ocnBgChem;co3abio; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Abiotic Carbonate Ion Concentration";"Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called ""molarity"", and is used in the construction ""mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y"", where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as ""nitrogen"" or a phrase such as ""nox_expressed_as_nitrogen"". In ocean biogeochemistry models, an ""abiotic analogue"" is used to simulate the effect on a modelled variable when biological effects on ocean carbon concentration and alkalinity are ignored. The phrase ""expressed_as"" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. The chemical formula of the carbonate anion is CO3 with an electrical charge of minus two.";mol m-3
2;ocnBgChem;co3nat; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Natural Carbonate Ion Concentration";"Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called ""molarity"", and is used in the construction ""mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y"", where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as ""nitrogen"" or a phrase such as ""nox_expressed_as_nitrogen"". In ocean biogeochemistry models, a ""natural analogue"" is used to simulate the effect on a modelled variable of imposing preindustrial atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, even when the model as a whole may be subjected to varying forcings. The phrase ""expressed_as"" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. The chemical formula of the carbonate anion is CO3 with an electrical charge of minus two.";mol m-3
2;ocnBgChem;co3satarag; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Mole ConcentratIon of Carbonate Ion for Sea Water in equilibrium with pure Aragonite";"Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called ""molarity"", and is used in the construction ""mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y"", where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as ""nitrogen"" or a phrase such as ""nox_expressed_as_nitrogen"". The phrase ""expressed_as"" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. The chemical formula of the carbonate anion is CO3 with an electrical charge of minus two. Aragonite is a mineral that is a polymorph of calcium carbonate. The chemical formula of aragonite is CaCO3. At a given salinity, the thermodynamic equilibrium is that between dissolved carbonate ion and solid aragonite. Standard names also exist for calcite, another polymorph of calcium carbonate.";mol m-3
2;ocnBgChem;co3satcalc; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Mole Concentration of Carbonate Ion for Sea Water in equilibrium with pure Calcite";"Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called ""molarity"", and is used in the construction ""mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y"", where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as ""nitrogen"" or a phrase such as ""nox_expressed_as_nitrogen"". The phrase ""expressed_as"" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. The chemical formula of the carbonate anion is CO3 with an electrical charge of minus two. Calcite is a mineral that is a polymorph of calcium carbonate. The chemical formula of calcite is CaCO3. At a given salinity, the thermodynamic equilibrium is that between dissolved carbonate ion and solid calcite. Standard names also exist for aragonite, another polymorph of calcium carbonate.";mol m-3
2;ocnBgChem;darag; ; ;AerChemMIP,CMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;yr;"Aragonite Dissolution";"Rate of change of Aragonite carbon mole concentration  due to dissolution";mol m-3 s-1
2;ocnBgChem;dcalc; ; ;AerChemMIP,CMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;yr;"Calcite Dissolution";"Rate of change of Calcite carbon mole concentration  due to dissolution";mol m-3 s-1
2;ocnBgChem;detoc; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Detrital Organic Carbon Concentration";"Sum of detrital organic carbon component concentrations";mol m-3
2;ocnBgChem;dissi14c; ;no;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Concentration of DI14C";"alias::mole_concentration_of_dissolved_inorganic_carbon14_in_sea_water";mol m-3
2;ocnBgChem;dissic; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon;"Dissolved Inorganic Carbon Concentration";"Dissolved inorganic carbon (CO3+HCO3+H2CO3) concentration";mol m-3
2;ocnBgChem;dissoc; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon;"Dissolved Organic Carbon Concentration";"Sum of dissolved carbon component concentrations explicitly represented (i.e. not ~40 uM refractory unless explicit)";mol m-3
2;ocnBgChem;dmso; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon,yr;"Dimethyl Sulphide Concentration";"Mole concentration of dimethyl sulphide in water";mol m-3
2;ocnBgChem;exparag; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon,yr;"Downward Flux of Aragonite";"Downward flux of Aragonite";mol m-2 s-1
2;ocnBgChem;expc; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP,PMIP,VIACSAB;mon,yr;"Downward Flux of Particulate Organic Carbon";"Downward flux of particulate organic carbon";mol m-2 s-1
2;ocnBgChem;expcalc; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP,PMIP,VIACSAB;mon,yr;"Downward Flux of Calcite";"Downward flux of Calcite";mol m-2 s-1
2;ocnBgChem;expn; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon,yr;"Sinking Particulate Organic Nitrogen Flux";"In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics.   'Sinking' is the gravitational settling of particulate matter suspended in a liquid. A sinking flux is positive downwards and is calculated relative to the movement of the surrounding fluid.";mol m-2 s-1
2;ocnBgChem;expp; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon,yr;"Sinking Particulate Organic Phosphorus Flux";"In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics.   'Sinking' is the gravitational settling of particulate matter suspended in a liquid. A sinking flux is positive downwards and is calculated relative to the movement of the surrounding fluid.";mol m-2 s-1
2;ocnBgChem;expsi; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP,PMIP,VIACSAB;mon,yr;"Sinking Particulate Silica Flux";"In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics.   'Sinking' is the gravitational settling of particulate matter suspended in a liquid. A sinking flux is positive downwards and is calculated relative to the movement of the surrounding fluid.";mol m-2 s-1
2;ocnBgChem;fg14co2; ; ;C4MIP,LUMIP,PMIP;mon;"Total air-sea flux of 14CO2";"alias::surface_downward_mass_flux_of_carbon14_dioxide_abiotic_analogue_expressed_as_carbon";kg m-2 s-1
2;ocnBgChem;intdic; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Dissolved Inorganic Carbon Content";"Vertically integrated DIC";kg m-2
2;ocnBgChem;intdoc; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Dissolved Organic Carbon Content";"Vertically integrated DOC (explicit pools only)";kg m-2
2;ocnBgChem;intpoc; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Particulate Organic Carbon Content";"Vertically integrated POC";kg m-2
2;ocnBgChem;intppdiat; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Net Primary Organic Carbon Production by Diatoms";"Vertically integrated primary (organic carbon) production by the diatom phytoplankton component alone";mol m-2 s-1
2;ocnBgChem;intppnitrate; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Primary Organic Carbon Production by Phytoplankton Based on Nitrate Uptake Alone";"Vertically integrated primary (organic carbon) production by phytoplankton based on nitrate uptake alone";mol m-2 s-1
2;ocnBgChem;limfediat; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,PMIP;mon;"Iron Limitation of Diatoms";"Diatoms are phytoplankton with an external skeleton made of silica. Phytoplankton are algae that grow where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. ""Iron growth limitation"" means the ratio of the growth rate of a species population in the environment (where there is a finite availability of iron) to the theoretical growth rate if there were no such limit on iron availability.";1
2;ocnBgChem;limirrdiat; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,PMIP;mon;"Irradiance Limitation of Diatoms";"Diatoms are phytoplankton with an external skeleton made of silica. Phytoplankton are algae that grow where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. The specification of a physical process by the phrase ""due_to_"" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. ""Irradiance"" means the power per unit area (called radiative flux in other standard names), the area being normal to the direction of flow of the radiant energy. Solar irradiance is essential to the photosynthesis reaction and its presence promotes the growth of phytoplankton populations. ""Growth limitation due to solar irradiance"" means the ratio of the growth rate of a species population in the environment (where the amount of sunlight reaching a location may be limited) to the theoretical growth rate if there were no such limit on solar irradiance.";1
2;ocnBgChem;limndiat; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,PMIP;mon;"Nitrogen Limitation of Diatoms";"Diatoms are phytoplankton with an external skeleton made of silica. Phytoplankton are algae that grow where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. ""Nitrogen growth limitation"" means the ratio of the growth rate of a species population in the environment (where there is a finite availability of nitrogen) to the theoretical growth rate if there were no such limit on nitrogen availability.";1
2;ocnBgChem;nh4; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon;"Dissolved Ammonium Concentration";"Mole concentration means moles (amount of substance) per unit volume and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.";mol m-3
2;ocnBgChem;o2sat; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Dissolved Oxygen Concentration at Saturation";"""Mole concentration at saturation"" means the mole concentration in a saturated solution. Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called ""molarity"", and is used in the construction ""mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y"", where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as ""nitrogen"" or a phrase such as ""nox_expressed_as_nitrogen"".";mol m-3
2;ocnBgChem;parag; ; ;AerChemMIP,CMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;yr;"Aragonite Production";"'Mole concentration' means number of moles per unit volume, also called""molarity"", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, whereX is a material constituent of Y.  A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. The phrase 'expressed_as' is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a  single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity  named by omitting the phrase.  ""tendency_of_X"" means derivative of X with respect to time.  Aragonite is a mineral that is a polymorph of calcium carbonate. The chemical formula of aragonite is CaCO3. Standard names also exist for calcite, another polymorph of calcium carbonate.";mol m-3 s-1
2;ocnBgChem;pbfe; ; ;AerChemMIP,CMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;yr;"Biogenic Iron Production";"'Mole concentration' means number of moles per unit volume, also called""molarity"", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, whereX is a material constituent of Y.  A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a  single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity  named by omitting the phrase.  ""tendency_of_X"" means derivative of X with respect to time.";mol m-3 s-1
2;ocnBgChem;pbsi; ; ;AerChemMIP,CMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;yr;"Biogenic Silica Production";"'Mole concentration' means number of moles per unit volume, also called""molarity"", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, whereX is a material constituent of Y.  A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a  single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity  named by omitting the phrase.  ""tendency_of_X"" means derivative of X with respect to time.";mol m-3 s-1
2;ocnBgChem;pcalc; ; ;AerChemMIP,CMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;yr;"Calcite Production";"'Mole concentration' means number of moles per unit volume, also called""molarity"", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, whereX is a material constituent of Y.  A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. The phrase 'expressed_as' is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a  single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity  named by omitting the phrase.  ""tendency_of_X"" means derivative of X with respect to time.  Calcite is a mineral that is a polymorph of calcium carbonate. Thechemical formula of calcite is CaCO3. Standard names also exist for aragonite, another polymorph of calcium carbonate.";mol m-3 s-1
2;ocnBgChem;ph; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP,PMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"pH";"negative log of hydrogen ion concentration with the concentration expressed as mol H kg-1.";1
2;ocnBgChem;phabioos; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Surface Abiotic pH";"negative log10 of hydrogen ion concentration with the concentration expressed as mol H kg-1.";1
2;ocnBgChem;phnatos; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Surface Natural pH";"negative log10 of hydrogen ion concentration with the concentration expressed as mol H kg-1.";1
2;ocnBgChem;phyc; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP,PMIP,VIACSAB;mon,yr;"Phytoplankton Carbon Concentration";"sum of phytoplankton carbon component concentrations.  In most (all?) cases this is the sum of phycdiat and phycmisc (i.e., ""Diatom Carbon Concentration"" and ""Non-Diatom Phytoplankton Carbon Concentration""";mol m-3
2;ocnBgChem;phycalc; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Mole Concentration of Calcareous Phytoplankton expressed as Carbon in Sea Water";"carbon concentration from calcareous (calcite-producing) phytoplankton component alone";mol m-3
2;ocnBgChem;phycos; ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;day,mon;"Sea Surface Phytoplankton Carbon Concentration";"sum of phytoplankton organic carbon component concentrations at the sea surface";mol m-3
2;ocnBgChem;phydiat; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Mole Concentration of Diatoms expressed as Carbon in Sea Water";"carbon from the diatom phytoplankton component concentration alone";mol m-3
2;ocnBgChem;phydiaz; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Mole Concentration of Diazotrophs Expressed as Carbon in Sea Water";"carbon concentration from the diazotrophic phytoplankton component alone";mol m-3
2;ocnBgChem;phyfe; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon,yr;"Phytoplankton Iron Concentration";"sum of phytoplankton iron component concentrations";mol m-3
2;ocnBgChem;phymisc; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Mole Concentration of Miscellaneous Phytoplankton expressed as Carbon in Sea Water";"carbon concentration from additional phytoplankton component alone";mol m-3
2;ocnBgChem;phyn; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon,yr;"Phytoplankton Nitrogen Concentration";"sum of phytoplankton nitrogen component concentrations";mol m-3
2;ocnBgChem;phyp; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon,yr;"Phytoplankton Phosphorus Concentration";"sum of phytoplankton phosphorus components";mol m-3
2;ocnBgChem;phypico; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Mole Concentration of Picophytoplankton expressed as Carbon in Sea Water";"carbon concentration from the picophytoplankton (<2 um) component alone";mol m-3
2;ocnBgChem;physi; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon,yr;"Phytoplankton Silica Concentration";"sum of phytoplankton silica component concentrations";mol m-3
2;ocnBgChem;pnitrate; ; ;AerChemMIP,CMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;yr;"Primary Carbon Production by Phytoplankton due to Nitrate Uptake Alone";"Primary (organic carbon) production by phytoplankton due to nitrate uptake alone";mol m-3 s-1
2;ocnBgChem;po4; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon;"Total Dissolved Inorganic Phosphorus Concentration";"Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called ""molarity"", and is used in the construction ""mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y"", where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as ""nitrogen"" or a phrase such as ""nox_expressed_as_nitrogen"". ""Dissolved inorganic phosphorus"" means the sum of all inorganic phosphorus in solution (including phosphate, hydrogen phosphate, dihydrogen phosphate, and phosphoric acid).";mol m-3
2;ocnBgChem;pon; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon,yr;"Particulate Organic Nitrogen Concentration";"sum of particulate organic nitrogen component concentrations";mol m-3
2;ocnBgChem;pop; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon,yr;"Particulate Organic Phosphorus Concentration";"sum of particulate organic phosphorus component concentrations";mol m-3
2;ocnBgChem;pp; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP,PMIP,VIACSAB;mon,yr;"Primary Carbon Production by Phytoplankton";"total primary (organic carbon) production by phytoplankton";mol m-3 s-1
2;ocnBgChem;remoc; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP;yr;"Remineralization of Organic Carbon";"""tendency_of_X"" means derivative of X with respect to time. Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called ""molarity"", and is used in the construction ""mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y"", where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as ""nitrogen"" or a phrase such as ""nox_expressed_as_nitrogen"". The phrase ""expressed_as"" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. The specification of a physical process by the phrase ""due_to_"" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. Remineralization is the degradation of organic matter into inorganic forms of carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and other micronutrients, which consumes oxygen and releases energy.";mol m-3 s-1
2;ocnBgChem;talk; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DAMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon;"Total Alkalinity";"total alkalinity equivalent concentration (including carbonate, nitrogen, silicate, and borate components)";mol m-3
2;ocnBgChem;zmeso; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Mole Concentration of Mesozooplankton expressed as Carbon in Sea Water";"carbon  concentration from mesozooplankton (20-200 um) component alone";mol m-3
2;ocnBgChem;zmicro; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Mole Concentration of Microzooplankton expressed as Carbon in Sea Water";"carbon  concentration from the microzooplankton (<20 um) component alone";mol m-3
2;ocnBgChem;zmisc; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Mole Concentration of Other Zooplankton expressed as Carbon in Sea Water";"carbon from additional zooplankton component concentrations alone (e.g. Micro, meso).  Since the models all have different numbers of components, this variable has been included to provide a check for intercomparison between models since some phytoplankton groups are supersets.";mol m-3
2;ocnBgChem;zooc; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Zooplankton Carbon Concentration";"sum of zooplankton carbon component concentrations";mol m-3
2;seaIce;siage;iage;partly;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,PMIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Age of sea ice";"Age of sea ice";s
2;seaIce;siareaacrossline; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Sea ice area flux through straits";"net (sum of transport in all directions) sea ice area transport through the following four passages, positive into the Arctic Ocean 1. Fram Strait = (11.5W,81.3N to (10.5E,79.6N) 2. Canadian Archipelago = (128.2W,70.6N) to (59.3W,82.1N) 3. Barents opening = (16.8E,76.5N) to (19.2E,70.2N) 4. Bering Strait = (171W,66.2N) to (166W,65N)";m2 s-1
2;seaIce;siarean;aice;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Sea ice area North";"total area of sea ice in the Northern hemisphere";1e6 km2
2;seaIce;siareas;aice;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Sea ice area South";"total area of sea ice in the Southern hemisphere";1e6 km2
2;seaIce;sicompstren;strenght ?;partly;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Compressive sea ice strength";"Computed strength of the ice pack, defined as the energy (J m-2) dissipated per unit area removed from the ice pack under compression, and assumed proportional to the change in potential energy caused by ridging. For Hibler-type models, this is P (= P*hexp(-C(1-A)))";N m-1
2;seaIce;sidconcdyn; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"sea-ice area fraction change from dynamics";"Total change in sea-ice area fraction through dynamics-related processes (advection, divergence...)";s-1
2;seaIce;sidconcth; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"sea-ice area fraction change from thermodynamics";"Total change in sea-ice area fraction through thermodynamic processes";s-1
2;seaIce;sidivvel;divu ?;partly;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;monPt;"Divergence of the sea-ice velocity field";"Divergence of sea-ice velocity field (first shear strain invariant)";s-1
2;seaIce;sidmassdyn; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"sea-ice mass change from dynamics";"Total change in sea-ice mass through dynamics-related processes (advection,...) divided by grid-cell area";kg m-2 s-1
2;seaIce;sidmassevapsubl;evap_ai ?;partly;C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,PMIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"sea-ice mass change through evaporation and sublimation";"The rate of change of sea-ice mass change through evaporation and sublimation divided by grid-cell area";kg m-2 s-1
2;seaIce;sidmassgrowthbot;congel ?;partly;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"sea-ice mass change through basal growth";"The rate of change of sea ice mass due to vertical growth of existing sea ice at its base divided by grid-cell area.";kg m-2 s-1
2;seaIce;sidmassgrowthwat;frazil;partly;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"sea-ice mass change through growth in supercooled open water (aka frazil)";"The rate of change of sea ice mass due to sea ice formation in supercooled water (often through frazil formation) divided by grid-cell area. Together, sidmassgrowthwat and sidmassgrowthbot should give total ice growth";kg m-2 s-1
2;seaIce;sidmasslat; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Lateral sea ice melt rate";"The rate of change of sea ice mass through lateral melting divided by grid-cell area (report 0 if not explicitly calculated thermodynamically)";kg m-2 s-1
2;seaIce;sidmassmeltbot;meltb ?;partly;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,PMIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"sea-ice mass change through bottom melting";"The rate of change of sea ice mass through melting at the ice bottom divided by grid-cell area";kg m-2 s-1
2;seaIce;sidmassmelttop;meltt ?;partly;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,PMIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"sea-ice mass change through surface melting";"The rate of change of sea ice mass through melting at the ice surface divided by grid-cell area";kg m-2 s-1
2;seaIce;sidmasssi;snoice ?;partly;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"sea-ice mass change through snow-to-ice conversion";"The rate of change of sea ice mass due to transformation of snow to sea ice divided by grid-cell area";kg m-2 s-1
2;seaIce;sidmassth; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"sea-ice mass change from thermodynamics";"Total change in sea-ice mass from thermodynamic processes divided by grid-cell area";kg m-2 s-1
2;seaIce;sidmasstranx;transix;partly;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"X-component of sea-ice mass transport";"Includes transport of both sea ice and snow by advection";kg s-1
2;seaIce;sidmasstrany;transiy;partly;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Y-component of sea-ice mass transport";"Includes transport of both sea ice and snow by advection";kg s-1
2;seaIce;siextentn;aice;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Sea ice extent North";"Total area of all Northern-Hemisphere grid cells that are covered by at least 15 % areal fraction of sea ice";1e6 km2
2;seaIce;siextents;aice;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Sea ice extent South";"Total area of all Southern-Hemisphere grid cells that are covered by at least 15 % areal fraction of sea ice";1e6 km2
2;seaIce;sifb; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Sea-ice freeboard";"Mean height of sea-ice surface (=snow-ice interface when snow covered) above sea level";m
2;seaIce;siflcondbot; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Net conductive heat fluxes in ice at the bottom";"the net heat conduction flux at the ice base";W m-2
2;seaIce;siflcondtop; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Net conductive heat flux in ice at the surface";"the net heat conduction flux at the ice surface";W m-2
2;seaIce;siflfwbot; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Freshwater flux from sea ice";"Total flux of fresh water from water into sea ice divided by grid-cell area; This flux is negative during ice growth (liquid water mass decreases, hence upward flux of freshwater), positive during ice melt (liquid water mass increases, hence downward flux of freshwater)";kg m-2 s-1
2;seaIce;siflfwdrain; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Freshwater flux from sea-ice surface";"Total flux of fresh water from sea-ice surface into underlying ocean. This combines both surface melt water that drains directly into the ocean and the drainage of surface melt pond. By definition, this flux is always positive.";kg m-2 s-1
2;seaIce;sifllatstop;flat_ai;partly;C4MIP,CMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,PMIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Net latent heat flux over sea ice";"the net latent heat flux over sea ice";W m-2
2;seaIce;sifllwdtop;flwdn_ai;partly;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,PMIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Downwelling longwave flux over sea ice";"the downwelling longwave flux over sea ice (always positive)";W m-2
2;seaIce;sifllwutop;flwup_ai;partly;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,PMIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Upwelling Longwave Flux over Sea Ice";"the upwelling longwave flux over sea ice (always negative)";W m-2
2;seaIce;siflsenstop;fsens_ai;partly;C4MIP,CMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,PMIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Net upward sensible heat flux over sea ice";"the net sensible heat flux over sea ice";W m-2
2;seaIce;siflsensupbot; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Net upward sensible heat flux under sea ice";"the net sensible heat flux under sea ice from the ocean";W m-2
2;seaIce;siflswdbot; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Downwelling shortwave flux under sea ice";"The downwelling shortwave flux underneath sea ice (always positive)";W m-2
2;seaIce;siflswdtop;fswdn_ai;partly;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,PMIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Downwelling shortwave flux over sea ice";"The downwelling shortwave flux over sea ice (always positive by sign convention)";W m-2
2;seaIce;siflswutop;fswup_ai;partly;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,PMIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Upwelling Shortwave Flux over Sea Ice";"The upwelling shortwave flux over sea ice (always negative)";W m-2
2;seaIce;sihc;qi;partly;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,PMIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Sea-ice heat content per unit area";"Heat content of all ice in grid cell divided by total grid-cell area. Water at 0 Celsius is assumed to have a heat content of 0 J.  Does not include heat content of snow, but does include heat content of brine. Heat content is always negative, since both the sensible and the latent heat content of ice are less than that of water";J m-2
2;seaIce;simassacrossline; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,PMIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Sea mass area flux through straits";"net (sum of transport in all directions) sea ice area transport through the following four passages, positive into the Arctic Ocean 1. Fram Strait = (11.5W,81.3N to (10.5E,79.6N) 2. Canadian Archipelago = (128.2W,70.6N) to (59.3W,82.1N) 3. Barents opening = (16.8E,76.5N) to (19.2E,70.2N) 4. Bering Strait = (171W,66.2N) to (166W,65N)";kg s-1
2;seaIce;sipr;rain_ai;partly;C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,PMIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Rainfall rate over sea ice";"mass of liquid precipitation falling onto sea ice divided by grid-cell area";kg m-2 s-1
2;seaIce;sishevel; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;monPt;"Maximum shear of sea-ice velocity field";"Maximum shear of sea-ice velocity field (second shear strain invariant)";s-1
2;seaIce;sisnhc; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Snow-heat content per unit area";"Heat-content of all snow in grid cell divided by total grid-cell area. Snow-water equivalent at 0 Celsius is assumed to have a heat content of 0 J.  Does not include heat content of sea ice.";J m-2
2;seaIce;sistrxdtop;strairx;partly;C4MIP,CMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"X-component of atmospheric stress on sea ice";"X-component of atmospheric stress on sea ice";N m-2
2;seaIce;sistrxubot;strocnx;partly;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"X-component of ocean stress on sea ice";"X-component of ocean stress on sea ice";N m-2
2;seaIce;sistrydtop;strairy;partly;C4MIP,CMIP,DCPP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Y-component of atmospheric stress on sea ice";"Y-component of atmospheric stress on sea ice";N m-2
2;seaIce;sistryubot;strocny;partly;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Y-component of ocean stress on sea ice";"Y-component of ocean stress on sea ice";N m-2
2;seaIce;sitempbot; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Temperature at ice-ocean interface";"Report temperature at interface, NOT temperature within lowermost model layer";K
2;seaIce;sitempsnic;Tsfc ?;partly;C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Temperature at snow-ice interface";"Report surface temperature of ice where snow thickness is zero";K
2;seaIce;sivoln;aice*hi ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Sea ice volume North";"total volume of sea ice in the Northern hemisphere";1e3 km3
2;seaIce;sivols;aice*hi ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Sea ice volume South";"total volume of sea ice in the Southern hemisphere";1e3 km3
2;seaIce;sndmassdyn; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Snow Mass Rate of Change through Advection by Sea-ice Dynamics";"the rate of change of snow mass through advection with sea ice divided by grid-cell area";kg m-2 s-1
2;seaIce;sndmassmelt;melts;partly;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,PMIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Snow Mass Rate of Change through Melt";"the rate of change of snow mass through melt divided by grid-cell area";kg m-2 s-1
2;seaIce;sndmasssi;snoice ?;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Snow Mass Rate of Change through Snow-to-Ice Conversion";"the rate of change of snow mass due to transformation of snow to sea ice divided by grid-cell area";kg m-2 s-1
2;seaIce;sndmasssnf;snow_ai ?;partly;C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,PMIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"snow mass change through snow fall";"mass of solid precipitation falling onto sea ice divided by grid-cell area";kg m-2 s-1
2;seaIce;sndmasssubl; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Snow Mass Rate of Change through Evaporation or Sublimation";"the rate of change of snow mass through sublimation and evaporation divided by grid-cell area";kg m-2 s-1
2;seaIce;sndmasswindrif; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Snow Mass Rate of Change through Wind Drift of Snow";"the rate of change of snow mass through wind drift of snow (from sea-ice into the sea) divided by grid-cell area";kg m-2 s-1
2;seaIce;snmassacrossline; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Snow mass flux through straits";"net (sum of transport in all directions) snow mass transport through the following four passages, positive into the Arctic Ocean 1. Fram Strait = (11.5W,81.3N to (10.5E,79.6N) 2. Canadian Archipela";kg s-1
2;seaIce;vsfsit; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Virtual Salt Flux into Sea Water due to Sea Ice Thermodynamics";"This variable measures the virtual salt flux into sea water due to the melting of sea ice. It is set to zero in models which receive a real water flux.";kg m-2 s-1
3;atmos;cfc113global; ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Global Mean Mole Fraction of CFC113";"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.  The chemical formula of CFC113 is CCl2FCClF2.  The IUPAC name for CFC113 is 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoro-ethane.";1e-12
3;atmos;cfc11global; ;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Global Mean Mole Fraction of CFC11";"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.  The chemical formula of CFC11 is CFCl3.  The IUPAC name for CFC11 is trichloro-fluoro-methane.";1e-12
3;atmos;cfc12global; ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Global Mean Mole Fraction of CFC12";"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.  The chemical formula of CFC12 is CF2Cl2.  The IUPAC name for CFC12 is dichloro-difluoro-methane.";1e-12
3;atmos;hcfc22global; ;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Global Mean Mole Fraction of HCFC22";"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, whereX is a material constituent of Y.  A chemical species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. The chemicalformula for HCFC22 is CHClF2.  The IUPAC name for HCFC22 is chloro-difluoro-methane.";1e-12
3;atmos;iareafl; ;no;ISMIP6;yr;"Area covered by floating ice shelves";"Total area of the floating ice shelves (the component of ice sheet that flows over ocean)";m2
3;atmos;iareagr; ;no;ISMIP6;yr;"Area covered by grounded ice sheet";"Total area of the grounded ice sheets (the component of ice sheet resting over bedrock)";m2
3;atmos;tendacabf; ;no;ISMIP6;yr;"Total surface mass balance flux";"The total surface mass balance flux over land ice is a spatial integration of the surface mass balance flux";kg s-1
3;atmos;tendlibmassbf; ;no;ISMIP6;yr;"Total basal mass balance flux";"The total basal mass balance flux over land ice is a spatial integration of the basal mass balance flux";kg s-1
3;atmos;tendlicalvf; ;no;ISMIP6;yr;"Total calving flux";"The total calving flux over land ice is a spatial integration of the calving flux";kg s-1
3;atmosChem;cfc113global; ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Global Mean Mole Fraction of CFC113";"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.  The chemical formula of CFC113 is CCl2FCClF2.  The IUPAC name for CFC113 is 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoro-ethane.";1e-12
3;atmosChem;cfc11global; ;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Global Mean Mole Fraction of CFC11";"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.  The chemical formula of CFC11 is CFCl3.  The IUPAC name for CFC11 is trichloro-fluoro-methane.";1e-12
3;atmosChem;cfc12global; ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Global Mean Mole Fraction of CFC12";"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.  The chemical formula of CFC12 is CF2Cl2.  The IUPAC name for CFC12 is dichloro-difluoro-methane.";1e-12
3;atmosChem;hcfc22global; ;yes;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Global Mean Mole Fraction of HCFC22";"Mole fraction is used in the construction mole_fraction_of_X_in_Y, whereX is a material constituent of Y.  A chemical species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. The chemicalformula for HCFC22 is CHClF2.  The IUPAC name for HCFC22 is chloro-difluoro-methane.";1e-12
3;land;hfgeoubed; ;no;ISMIP6;fx,yr;"Geothermal Heat flux beneath land ice";"Upward geothermal heat flux per unit area beneath land ice";W m-2
3;land;icem; ;no;ISMIP6;mon;"Surface ice melt flux";"Loss of ice mass resulting from surface melting. Computed as the total surface melt water on the land ice portion of the grid cell divided by land ice area in the grid cell.";kg m-2 s-1
3;land;icemIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Surface Ice Melt Flux";"Loss of ice mass resulting from surface melting. Computed as the total surface melt water on the land ice portion of the grid cell divided by land ice area in the grid cell.";kg m-2 s-1
3;land;licalvf; ;no;ISMIP6;mon,yr;"Land ice calving flux";"Loss of ice mass resulting from iceberg calving. Computed as the rate of mass loss by the ice shelf (in kg s-1) divided by the horizontal area of the ice sheet (m2) in the grid box.";kg m-2 s-1
3;land;lifmassbf; ;no;ISMIP6;mon,yr;"Land ice vertical front mass balance flux";"Total mass balance at the ice front (or vertical margin). It includes both iceberg calving and melt on vertical ice front";kg m-2 s-1
3;land;pflw; ; ;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;day,mon;"Liquid Water Content of Permafrost Layer";"*where land over land*, i.e., this is the total mass of liquid water contained within the permafrost layer within the land portion of a grid cell divided by the area of the land portion of the cell.";kg m-2
3;land;strbasemag; ;no;ISMIP6;yr;"Land Ice Basal Drag";"Magnitude of basal drag at land ice base";Pa
3;land;tpf; ; ;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;day,mon;"Permafrost Layer Thickness";"The mean thickness of the permafrost layer in the land portion of the grid cell.  Reported as zero in permafrost-free regions.";m
3;land;xvelmean; ;no;ISMIP6;yr;"X-component of land ice vertical mean velocity";"The vertical mean land ice velocity is the average from the bedrock to the surface of the ice";m s-1
3;land;yvelmean; ;no;ISMIP6;yr;"Y-component of land ice vertical mean velocity";"The vertical mean land ice velocity is the average from the bedrock to the surface of the ice";m s-1
3;land;zvelbase; ;no;ISMIP6;yr;"Upward-component of land ice basal velocity";"A velocity is a vector quantity. ""Upward"" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). ""basal"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere";m s-1
3;land;zvelsurf; ;no;ISMIP6;yr;"Upward component of land ice surface velocity";"A velocity is a vector quantity. ""Upward"" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere";m s-1
3;landIce;hfgeoubed; ;no;ISMIP6;fx,yr;"Geothermal Heat flux beneath land ice";"Upward geothermal heat flux per unit area beneath land ice";W m-2
3;landIce;icem; ;no;ISMIP6;mon;"Surface ice melt flux";"Loss of ice mass resulting from surface melting. Computed as the total surface melt water on the land ice portion of the grid cell divided by land ice area in the grid cell.";kg m-2 s-1
3;landIce;icemIs; ; ;ISMIP6;mon;"Ice Sheet Surface Ice Melt Flux";"Loss of ice mass resulting from surface melting. Computed as the total surface melt water on the land ice portion of the grid cell divided by land ice area in the grid cell.";kg m-2 s-1
3;landIce;licalvf; ;no;ISMIP6;mon,yr;"Land ice calving flux";"Loss of ice mass resulting from iceberg calving. Computed as the rate of mass loss by the ice shelf (in kg s-1) divided by the horizontal area of the ice sheet (m2) in the grid box.";kg m-2 s-1
3;landIce;lifmassbf; ;no;ISMIP6;mon,yr;"Land ice vertical front mass balance flux";"Total mass balance at the ice front (or vertical margin). It includes both iceberg calving and melt on vertical ice front";kg m-2 s-1
3;landIce;pflw; ; ;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;day,mon;"Liquid Water Content of Permafrost Layer";"*where land over land*, i.e., this is the total mass of liquid water contained within the permafrost layer within the land portion of a grid cell divided by the area of the land portion of the cell.";kg m-2
3;landIce;strbasemag; ;no;ISMIP6;yr;"Land Ice Basal Drag";"Magnitude of basal drag at land ice base";Pa
3;landIce;tpf; ; ;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,PMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;day,mon;"Permafrost Layer Thickness";"The mean thickness of the permafrost layer in the land portion of the grid cell.  Reported as zero in permafrost-free regions.";m
3;landIce;xvelmean; ;no;ISMIP6;yr;"X-component of land ice vertical mean velocity";"The vertical mean land ice velocity is the average from the bedrock to the surface of the ice";m s-1
3;landIce;yvelmean; ;no;ISMIP6;yr;"Y-component of land ice vertical mean velocity";"The vertical mean land ice velocity is the average from the bedrock to the surface of the ice";m s-1
3;landIce;zvelbase; ;no;ISMIP6;yr;"Upward-component of land ice basal velocity";"A velocity is a vector quantity. ""Upward"" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). ""basal"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere";m s-1
3;landIce;zvelsurf; ;no;ISMIP6;yr;"Upward component of land ice surface velocity";"A velocity is a vector quantity. ""Upward"" indicates a vector component which is positive when directed upward (negative downward). The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere";m s-1
3;ocean;difmxybo; ;no;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LUMIP,OMIP,RFMIP;monC,yr;"ocean momentum xy biharmonic diffusivity";"Lateral biharmonic viscosity applied to the momentum equations.";m4 s-1
3;ocean;difmxylo; ;no;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LUMIP,OMIP,RFMIP;monC,yr;"Ocean Momentum xy Laplacian Diffusivity";"Lateral Laplacian viscosity applied to the momentum equations.";m2 s-1
3;ocean;diftrbbo; ;no;CMIP,FAFMIP,HighResMIP,LUMIP,RFMIP;monC;"Ocean Tracer Bolus Biharmonic Diffusivity";"alias::ocean_tracer_bolus_biharmonic_diffusivity";m4 s-1
3;ocean;diftrblo; ;no;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LUMIP,OMIP,RFMIP;monC,yr;"Ocean Tracer Bolus Laplacian Diffusivity";"Ocean tracer diffusivity associated with parameterized eddy-induced advective transport. Sometimes this diffusivity is called the 'thickness' diffusivity. For CMIP5, this diagnostic was called 'ocean tracer bolus laplacian diffusivity'.  The CMIP6 name is physically more relevant.";m2 s-1
3;ocean;diftrebo; ;no;CMIP,FAFMIP,HighResMIP,LUMIP,RFMIP;monC;"Ocean Tracer Epineutral Biharmonic Diffusivity";"Diffusivity is also sometimes known as the coefficient of diffusion. Diffusion occurs as a result of a gradient in the spatial distribution of mass concentration, temperature or momentum.  The diffusivity may be very different in the vertical and horizontal directions. ""epineutral diffusivity"" means a lateral diffusivity along a either a neutral or isopycnal density surface due to motion which is not resolved on the grid scale of an ocean model. The type of density surface is dependent on the model formulation. ""biharmonic diffusivity"" means diffusivity for use with a biharmonic diffusion operator.";m4 s-1
3;ocean;diftrelo; ;no;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LUMIP,OMIP,RFMIP;monC,yr;"ocean tracer epineutral laplacian diffusivity";"Ocean tracer diffusivity associated with parameterized eddy-induced diffusive transport oriented along neutral or isopycnal directions. Sometimes this diffusivity is called the neutral diffusivity or isopycnal diffusivity or Redi diffusivity.";m2 s-1
3;ocean;diftrxybo; ;no;CMIP,FAFMIP,HighResMIP,LUMIP,RFMIP;monC;"Ocean Tracer XY Biharmonic Diffusivity";"Diffusivity is also sometimes known as the coefficient of diffusion. Diffusion occurs as a result of a gradient in the spatial distribution of mass concentration, temperature or momentum.  The diffusivity may be very different in the vertical and horizontal directions. ""xy diffusivity"" means the lateral along_coordinate component of diffusivity due to motion which is not resolved on the grid scale of the model.  xy diffusivities are used in some ocean models to counteract the numerical instabilities inherent in certain implementations of rotated neutral diffusion. ""biharmonic diffusivity"" means diffusivity for use with a biharmonic diffusion operator.";m4 s-1
3;ocean;diftrxylo; ;no;CMIP,FAFMIP,HighResMIP,LUMIP,RFMIP;monC;"Ocean Tracer XY Laplacian Diffusivity";"Diffusivity is also sometimes known as the coefficient of diffusion. Diffusion occurs as a result of a gradient in the spatial distribution of mass concentration, temperature or momentum.  The diffusivity may be very different in the vertical and horizontal directions. ""xy diffusivity"" means the lateral along_coordinate component of diffusivity due to motion which is not resolved on the grid scale of the model.  xy diffusivities are used in some ocean models to counteract the numerical instabilities inherent in certain implementations of rotated neutral diffusion. ""laplacian diffusivity"" means diffusivity for use with a Laplacian diffusion operator.";m2 s-1
3;ocean;difvho; ;no;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LUMIP,OMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB;monC,yr;"Ocean Vertical Heat Diffusivity";"Vertical/dianeutral diffusivity applied to prognostic temperature field.";m2 s-1
3;ocean;difvmbo; ;no;CMIP,FAFMIP,HighResMIP,LUMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB;monC;"Ocean Vertical Momentum Diffusivity due to Background";"Diffusivity is also sometimes known as the coefficient of diffusion. Diffusion occurs as a result of a gradient in the spatial distribution of mass concentration, temperature or momentum.  The diffusivity may be very different in the vertical and horizontal directions. The construction vertical_X_diffusivity means the vertical component of thediffusivity of X due to motion which is not resolved on the grid scale of the model. ""Due to background"" means caused by a time invariant imposed field which may be eitherconstant over the globe or spatially varying, depending on the ocean model used. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a  single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity  named by omitting the phrase.";m2 s-1
3;ocean;difvmfdo; ;no;CMIP,FAFMIP,HighResMIP,LUMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB;monC;"Ocean Vertical Momentum Diffusivity due to Form Drag";"Diffusivity is also sometimes known as the coefficient of diffusion. Diffusion occurs as a result of a gradient in the spatial distribution of mass concentration, temperature or momentum.  The diffusivity may be very different in the vertical and horizontal directions. The construction vertical_X_diffusivity means the vertical component of thediffusivity of X due to motion which is not resolved on the grid scale of the model. ""Due to form drag"" refers to a vertical diffusivity resulting from a model scheme representing  mesoscale eddy-induced form drag. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a  single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity  named by omitting the phrase.";m2 s-1
3;ocean;difvmo; ;no;CMIP,FAFMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LUMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB;monC;"Ocean Vertical Momentum Diffusivity";"""Vertical momentum diffusivity"" means the vertical component of the diffusivity of momentum due to motion which is not resolved on the grid scale of the model.";m2 s-1
3;ocean;difvmto; ;no;CMIP,FAFMIP,HighResMIP,LUMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB;monC;"Ocean Vertical Momentum Diffusivity due to Tides";"Diffusivity is also sometimes known as the coefficient of diffusion. Diffusion occurs as a result of a gradient in the spatial distribution of mass concentration, temperature or momentum.  The diffusivity may be very different in the vertical and horizontal directions. The construction vertical_X_diffusivity means the vertical component of thediffusivity of X due to motion which is not resolved on the grid scale of the model. ""Due to tides"" means due to all astronomical gravity changes which manifest as tides.No distinction is made between different tidal components. The specification of a physicalprocess by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a  single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity  named by omitting the phrase.";m2 s-1
3;ocean;difvso; ;no;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LUMIP,OMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB;monC,yr;"ocean vertical salt diffusivity";"Vertical/dianeutral diffusivity applied to prognostic salinity field.";m2 s-1
3;ocean;difvtrbo; ;no;CMIP,FAFMIP,HighResMIP,LUMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB;monC;"Ocean Vertical Tracer Diffusivity due to Background";"Diffusivity is also sometimes known as the coefficient of diffusion. Diffusion occurs as a result of a gradient in the spatial distribution of mass concentration, temperature or momentum.  The diffusivity may be very different in the vertical and horizontal directions. The construction vertical_X_diffusivity means the vertical component of thediffusivity of X due to motion which is not resolved on the grid scale of the model. ""Due to background"" means caused by a time invariant imposed field which may be eitherconstant over the globe or spatially varying, depending on the ocean model used. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a  single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity  named by omitting the phrase.";m2 s-1
3;ocean;difvtrto; ;no;CMIP,FAFMIP,HighResMIP,LUMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB;monC;"Ocean Vertical Tracer Diffusivity due to Tides";"Diffusivity is also sometimes known as the coefficient of diffusion. Diffusion occurs as a result of a gradient in the spatial distribution of mass concentration, temperature or momentum.  The diffusivity may be very different in the vertical and horizontal directions. The construction vertical_X_diffusivity means the vertical component of thediffusivity of X due to motion which is not resolved on the grid scale of the model. ""Due to tides"" means due to all astronomical gravity changes which manifest as tides.No distinction is made between different tidal components. The specification of a physicalprocess by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a  single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity  named by omitting the phrase.";m2 s-1
3;ocean;dispkevfo; ;no;CMIP,FAFMIP,HighResMIP,LUMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB;monC;"Ocean Kinetic Energy Dissipation Per Unit Area due to Vertical Friction";"Friction, leading to the dissipation of kinetic energy, arises in ocean models as a result of the viscosity of sea water.  Generally, the  lateral (xy) viscosity is given a large value to maintain the numerical stability of the model.  In contrast, the vertical viscosity is usually much smaller. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a  single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity  named by omitting the phrase.";W m-2
3;ocean;dispkexyfo; ;no;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LUMIP,OMIP,RFMIP;monC,yr;"ocean kinetic energy dissipation per unit area due to xy friction";"Depth integrated impacts on kinetic energy arising from lateral frictional dissipation associated with Laplacian and/or biharmonic viscosity. For CMIP5, this diagnostic was 3d, whereas the CMIP6 depth integrated diagnostic is sufficient for many purposes and reduces archive requirements.";W m-2
3;ocean;mlotstsq; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Square of Ocean Mixed Layer Thickness Defined by Sigma T";"The ocean mixed layer is the upper part of the ocean, regarded as being well-mixed.  The base of the mixed layer defined by temperature, sigma, sigma_theta or sigma_t is the level at which the quantity indicated differs from its surface value by a certain amount.  ""Thickness"" means the vertical extent of a layer.  ""square_of_X"" means X*X.";m2
3;ocean;sossq; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;day,mon;"Square of Sea Surface Salinity";"The phrase ""square_of_X"" means X*X. Sea surface salinity is the salt concentration of sea water close to the sea surface, often on the Practical Salinity Scale of 1978. However, the unqualified term 'salinity' is generic and does not necessarily imply any particular method of calculation. The units of salinity are dimensionless and the units attribute should normally be given as 1e-3 or 0.001 i.e. parts per thousand. Sea surface salinity is often abbreviated as ""SSS"". For the salinity of sea water at a particular depth or layer, a data variable of ""sea_water_salinity"" or one of the more precisely defined salinities should be used with a vertical coordinate axis. There are standard names for the precisely defined salinity quantities: sea_water_knudsen_salinity, S_K (used for salinity observations between 1901 and 1966), sea_water_cox_salinity, S_C (used for salinity observations between 1967 and 1977), sea_water_practical_salinity, S_P (used for salinity observations from 1978 to the present day), sea_water_absolute_salinity, S_A, sea_water_preformed_salinity, S_*, and sea_water_reference_salinity. Practical Salinity is reported on the Practical Salinity Scale of 1978 (PSS-78), and is usually based on the electrical conductivity of sea water in observations since the 1960s. Conversion of data between the observed scales follows: S_P = (S_K - 0.03) * (1.80655 / 1.805) and S_P = S_C, however the accuracy of the latter is dependent on whether chlorinity or conductivity was used to determine the S_C value, with this inconsistency driving the development of PSS-78. The more precise standard names should be used where appropriate for both modelled and observed salinities. In particular, the use of sea_water_salinity to describe salinity observations made from 1978 onwards is now deprecated in favor of the term sea_water_practical_salinity which is the salinity quantity stored by national data centers for post-1978 observations. The only exception to this is where the observed salinities are definitely known not to be recorded on the Practical Salinity Scale. The unit ""parts per thousand"" was used for sea_water_knudsen_salinity and sea_water_cox_salinity.";1e-06
3;ocean;tnkebto; ;no;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LUMIP,OMIP,RFMIP;monC,yr;"Tendency of Ocean Eddy Kinetic Energy Content due to Bolus Transport";"Depth integrated impacts on kinetic energy arising from parameterized eddy-induced advection. For CMIP5, this diagnostic was 3d, whereas the CMIP6 depth integrated diagnostic is sufficient for many purposes and reduces archive requirements.";W m-2
3;ocean;tnpeo; ;no;AerChemMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LUMIP,OMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB;monC,yr;"tendency of ocean potential energy content";"Rate that work is done against vertical stratification, as measured by the vertical heat and salt diffusivity. Report here as depth integrated two-dimensional field.";W m-2
3;ocean;tnpeot; ;no;CMIP,FAFMIP,HighResMIP,LUMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB;monC;"Tendency of Ocean Potential Energy Content due to Tides";"""Content"" indicates a quantity per unit area.  Potential energy is the sum of the gravitational potential energy relative to the geoid and the centripetal potential energy. (The geopotential is the specific potential energy.)  ""Due to tides"" means due to all astronomical gravity changes which manifest as tides.  No distinction is made between different tidal components. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a  single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity  named by omitting the phrase.  ""tendency_of_X"" means derivative of X with respect to time.";W m-2
3;ocean;tnpeotb; ;no;CMIP,FAFMIP,HighResMIP,LUMIP,RFMIP,VIACSAB;monC;"Tendency of Ocean Potential Energy Content due to Background";"""Content"" indicates a quantity per unit area.  Potential energy is the sum of the gravitational potential energy relative to the geoid and the centripetal potential energy. (The geopotential is the specific potential energy.)  ""Due to background"" means caused by a time invariant imposed field which may be either constant over the globe or spatially varying, depending on the ocean model used. The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a  single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity  named by omitting the phrase.  ""tendency_of_X"" means derivative of X with respect to time.";W m-2
3;ocean;tossq; ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,DAMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;day,mon;"Square of Sea Surface Temperature";"Square of temperature of liquid ocean.";degC2
3;ocean;zossq; ;no;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Square of Sea Surface Height Above Geoid";"Surface ocean geoid defines z=0.";m2
3;ocnBgChem;bddtalk; ; ;AerChemMIP,CMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;yr;"Rate of Change of Alkalinity due to Biological Activity";"Net total of biological terms in time rate of change of alkalinity";mol m-3 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;bddtdic; ; ;AerChemMIP,CMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;yr;"Rate of Change of Dissolved Inorganic Carbon due to Biological Activity";"Net total of biological terms in time rate of change of dissolved inorganic carbon";mol m-3 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;bddtdife; ; ;AerChemMIP,CMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;yr;"Rate of Change of Dissolved Inorganic Iron due to Biological Activity";"Net total of biological terms in time rate of change of dissolved inorganic iron";mol m-3 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;bddtdin; ; ;AerChemMIP,CMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;yr;"Rate of Change of Nitrogen Nutrient due to Biological Activity";"Net total of biological terms in time rate of change of nitrogen nutrients (e.g. NO3+NH4)";mol m-3 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;bddtdip; ; ;AerChemMIP,CMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;yr;"Rate of Change of Dissolved Phosphorus due to Biological Activity";"Net of biological terms in time rate of change of dissolved phosphate";mol m-3 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;bddtdisi; ; ;AerChemMIP,CMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;yr;"Rate of Change of Dissolved Inorganic silicon due to Biological Activity";"Net of biological terms in time rate of change of dissolved inorganic silicon";mol m-3 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;bfeos; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Surface Mole Concentration of Particulate Organic Matter expressed as Iron in Sea Water";"sum of particulate organic iron component concentrations";mol m-3
3;ocnBgChem;bsios; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Surface Mole Concentration of Particulate Organic Matter expressed as Silicon in Sea Water";"sum of particulate silica component concentrations";mol m-3
3;ocnBgChem;chlcalcos; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Surface Mass Concentration of Calcareous Phytoplankton expressed as Chlorophyll in Sea Water";"chlorophyll concentration from the calcite-producing phytoplankton component alone";kg m-3
3;ocnBgChem;chldiatos; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Surface Mass Concentration of Diatoms expressed as Chlorophyll in Sea Water";"chlorophyll from diatom phytoplankton component concentration alone";kg m-3
3;ocnBgChem;chldiazos; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Surface Mass Concentration of Diazotrophs expressed as Chlorophyll in Sea Water";"chlorophyll concentration from the diazotrophic phytoplankton component alone";kg m-3
3;ocnBgChem;chlmiscos; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Surface Mass Concentration of Other Phytoplankton expressed as Chlorophyll in Sea Water";"chlorophyll from additional phytoplankton component concentrations alone";kg m-3
3;ocnBgChem;chlpicoos; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Surface Mass Concentration of Picophytoplankton expressed as Chlorophyll in Sea Water";"chlorophyll concentration from the picophytoplankton (<2 um) component alone";kg m-3
3;ocnBgChem;dmsos; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Surface Mole Concentration of Dimethyl Sulphide in Sea Water";"'Mole concentration' means number of moles per unit volume, also called""molarity"", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, whereX is a material constituent of Y.  A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. The chemical formula for dimethyl sulfide is (CH3)2S.  Dimethyl sulfide is sometimes referred to as DMS.";mol m-3
3;ocnBgChem;dpco2; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP,VolMIP;mon;"Delta PCO2";"The partial pressure of a dissolved gas in sea water is the partial pressure in air with which it would be in equilibrium.  The partial pressure of a gaseous constituent of air is the pressure which it alone would exert with unchanged temperature and number of moles per unit volume.  The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere.  The chemical formula for carbon dioxide is CO2.";Pa
3;ocnBgChem;dpco2abio; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Abiotic Delta PCO2";"The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. The chemical formula for carbon dioxide is CO2. In ocean biogeochemistry models, an ""abiotic analogue"" is used to simulate the effect on a modelled variable when biological effects on ocean carbon concentration and alkalinity are ignored. The partial pressure of a gaseous constituent of air is the pressure which it alone would exert with unchanged temperature and number of moles per unit volume. The partial pressure of a dissolved gas in sea water is the partial pressure in air with which it would be in equilibrium. The partial pressure difference between sea water and air is positive when the partial pressure of the dissolved gas in sea water is greater than the partial pressure in air.";Pa
3;ocnBgChem;dpco2nat; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Natural Delta PCO2";"The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere. The chemical formula for carbon dioxide is CO2. In ocean biogeochemistry models, a ""natural analogue"" is used to simulate the effect on a modelled variable of imposing preindustrial atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, even when the model as a whole may be subjected to varying forcings. The partial pressure of a gaseous constituent of air is the pressure which it alone would exert with unchanged temperature and number of moles per unit volume. The partial pressure of a dissolved gas in sea water is the partial pressure in air with which it would be in equilibrium. The partial pressure difference between sea water and air is positive when the partial pressure of the dissolved gas in sea water is greater than the partial pressure in air.";Pa
3;ocnBgChem;dpo2; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Delta PO2";"The partial pressure of a dissolved gas in sea water is the partial pressure in air with which it would be in equilibrium.  The partial pressure of a gaseous constituent of air is the pressure which it alone would exert with unchanged temperature and number of moles per unit volume.  The surface called ""surface"" means the lower boundary of the atmosphere.";Pa
3;ocnBgChem;epfe100; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Downward Flux of Particulate Iron";"In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics.   'Sinking' is the gravitational settling of particulate matter suspended in a liquid. A sinking flux is positive downwards and is calculated relative to the movement of the surrounding fluid.";mol m-2 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;epn100; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Downward Flux of Particulate Nitrogen";"In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics.   'Sinking' is the gravitational settling of particulate matter suspended in a liquid. A sinking flux is positive downwards and is calculated relative to the movement of the surrounding fluid.";mol m-2 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;epp100; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Downward Flux of Particulate Phosphorus";"In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics.   'Sinking' is the gravitational settling of particulate matter suspended in a liquid. A sinking flux is positive downwards and is calculated relative to the movement of the surrounding fluid.";mol m-2 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;epsi100; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,DCPP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Downward Flux of Particulate Silica";"In accordance with common usage in geophysical disciplines, ""flux"" implies per unit area, called ""flux density"" in physics.   'Sinking' is the gravitational settling of particulate matter suspended in a liquid. A sinking flux is positive downwards and is calculated relative to the movement of the surrounding fluid.";mol m-2 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;fbddtalk; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Rate of Change of Biological Alkalinity due to Biological Activity";"vertical integral of net biological terms in time rate of change of alkalinity";mol m-2 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;fbddtdic; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Rate of Change of Dissolved Inorganic Carbon due to Biological Activity";"vertical integral of net biological terms in time rate of change of dissolved inorganic carbon";mol m-2 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;fbddtdife; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Rate of Change of Dissolved Inorganic Iron due to Biological Activity";"vertical integral of net biological terms in time rate of change of dissolved inorganic iron";mol m-2 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;fbddtdin; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Rate of Change of Dissolved Inorganic Nitrogen due to Biological Activity";"vertical integral of net biological terms in time rate of change of nitrogen nutrients (e.g. NO3+NH4)";mol m-2 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;fbddtdip; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Rate of Change of Dissolved Inorganic Phosphate due to Biological Activity";"vertical integral of net biological terms in time rate of change of phosphate";mol m-2 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;fbddtdisi; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Rate of Change of Dissolved Inorganic Silicate due to Biological Activity";"vertical integral of net biological terms in time rate of change of dissolved inorganic silicate";mol m-2 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;fddtalk; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Rate of Change of Alkalinity";"vertical integral of net time rate of change of alkalinity";mol m-2 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;fddtdic; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Rate of Change of Net Dissolved Inorganic Carbon";"""Content"" indicates a quantity per unit area.  ""tendency_of_X"" means derivative of X with respect to time. ""Dissolved inorganic carbon"" describes a family of chemical species in solution, including carbon dioxide, carbonic acid and the carbonate and bicarbonate anions. ""Dissolved inorganic carbon"" isthe term used in standard names for all species belonging to the family that are represented within a given model. The list of individual species that are included in a quantity having a group chemical standard name can vary between models.  Where possible, the data variable should be accompanied by a complete description of the species represented, for example, by using a comment attribute.";mol m-2 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;fddtdife; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Rate of Change of Net Dissolved Inorganic Iron";"vertical integral of net time rate of change of dissolved inorganic iron";mol m-2 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;fddtdin; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Rate of Change of Net Dissolved Inorganic Nitrogen";"Net time rate of change of nitrogen nutrients (e.g. NO3+NH4)";mol m-2 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;fddtdip; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Rate of Change of Net Dissolved Inorganic Phosphate";"vertical integral of net  time rate of change of phosphate";mol m-2 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;fddtdisi; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Rate of Change of Net Dissolved Inorganic Silicate";"vertical integral of net time rate of change of dissolved inorganic silicate";mol m-2 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;fediss; ; ;AerChemMIP,CMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP;yr;"Particulate Source of Dissolved Iron";"Dissolution, remineralization and desorption of iron back to the dissolved phase";mol m-3 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;fescav; ; ;AerChemMIP,CMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;yr;"Nonbiogenic Iron Scavenging";"Dissolved Fe removed through nonbiogenic scavenging onto particles";mol m-3 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;fgdms; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Surface Upward DMS Flux";"Gas exchange flux of DMS (positive into atmosphere)";mol m-2 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;frfe; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Iron Loss to Sediments";"""Content"" indicates a quantity per unit area.  The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is a  single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity  named by omitting the phrase.  ""tendency_of_X"" means derivative of X with respect to time.";mol m-2 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;fric; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,PMIP;mon;"Downward Inorganic Carbon Flux at Ocean Bottom";"Inorganic Carbon loss to sediments";mol m-2 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;frn; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Nitrogen Loss to Sediments and through Denitrification";"""Content"" indicates a quantity per unit area.  The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is asingle term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity  named by omitting the phrase. 'Denitrification' is the conversion of nitrate into gasesous compounds such as nitric oxide, nitrous oxide and molecular nitrogen which are then emitted to the atmosphere.  'Sedimentation' is the sinking of particulate matter to the floor of a body of water. ""tendency_of_X"" means derivative of X with respect to time.";mol m-2 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;froc; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,PMIP,VolMIP;mon;"Downward Organic Carbon Flux at Ocean Bottom";"Organic Carbon loss to sediments";mol m-2 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;fsfe; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Surface Downward Net Flux of Iron";"Iron supply through deposition flux onto sea surface, runoff, coasts, sediments, etc";mol m-2 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;fsn; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Surface Downward Net Flux of Nitrogen";"""Content"" indicates a quantity per unit area.  The specification of a physical process by the phrase due_to_process means that the quantity named is asingle term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity  named by omitting the phrase. Deposition of nitrogen into the ocean is the sum of dry and wet depositionof nitrogen species onto the ocean surface from the atmosphere.  'Nitrogen fixation' means the production of ammonia from nitrogen gas. Organisms that fix nitrogen are termed 'diazotrophs'. Diazotrophic phytoplankton can fix atmospheric nitrogen, thus increasing the content of nitrogen in the ocean. Runoff is the liquid water which drains from land. If not specified, ""runoff"" refers to the sum of surface runoff and subsurface drainage.""tendency_of_X"" means derivative of X with respect to time.";mol m-2 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;graz; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,LUMIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon,yr;"Total Grazing of Phytoplankton by Zooplankton";"""tendency_of_X"" means derivative of X with respect to time. Mole concentration means number of moles per unit volume, also called ""molarity"", and is used in the construction ""mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y"", where X is a material constituent of Y. A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as ""nitrogen"" or a phrase such as ""nox_expressed_as_nitrogen"". The phrase ""expressed_as"" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. The specification of a physical process by the phrase ""due_to_"" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. Phytoplankton are autotrophic prokaryotic or eukaryotic algae that live near the water surface where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. ""Grazing of phytoplankton"" means the grazing of phytoplankton by zooplankton.";mol m-3 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;icfriver; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Flux of Inorganic Carbon Into Ocean Surface by Runoff";"Inorganic Carbon supply to ocean through runoff (separate from gas exchange)";mol m-2 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;intparag; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Aragonite Production";"Vertically integrated aragonite production";mol m-2 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;intpbfe; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Iron Production";"Vertically integrated biogenic iron production";mol m-2 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;intpbn; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Nitrogen Production";"Vertically integrated biogenic nitrogen production";mol m-2 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;intpbp; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Phosphorus Production";"Vertically integrated biogenic phosphorus production";mol m-2 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;intpbsi; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Silica Production";"Vertically integrated biogenic silica production";mol m-2 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;intpcalcite; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Calcite Production";"Vertically integrated calcite production";mol m-2 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;intpn2; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Nitrogen Fixation Rate in Ocean";"Vertically integrated nitrogen fixation";mol m-2 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;intppcalc; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Net Primary Mole Productivity of Carbon by Calcareous Phytoplankton";"""Production of carbon"" means the production of biomass expressed as the mass of carbon which it contains. Net primary production is the excess of gross primary production (rate of synthesis of biomass from inorganic precursors) by autotrophs (""producers""), for example, photosynthesis in plants or phytoplankton, over the rate at which the autotrophs themselves respire some of this biomass. ""Productivity"" means production per unit area. Phytoplankton are autotrophic prokaryotic or eukaryotic algae that live near the water surface where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. ""Calcareous phytoplankton"" are phytoplankton that produce calcite. The phrase ""expressed_as"" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A. Calcite is a mineral that is a polymorph of calcium carbonate. The chemical formula of calcite is CaCO3. Standard names also exist for aragonite, another polymorph of calcium carbonate.";mol m-2 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;intppdiaz; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Net Primary Mole Productivity of Carbon by Diazotrophs";"""Production of carbon"" means the production of biomass expressed as the mass of carbon which it contains. Net primary production is the excess of gross primary production (rate of synthesis of biomass from inorganic precursors) by autotrophs (""producers""), for example, photosynthesis in plants or phytoplankton, over the rate at which the autotrophs themselves respire some of this biomass. ""Productivity"" means production per unit area. In ocean modelling, diazotrophs are phytoplankton of the phylum cyanobacteria distinct from other phytoplankton groups in their ability to fix nitrogen gas in addition to nitrate and ammonium. Phytoplankton are autotrophic prokaryotic or eukaryotic algae that live near the water surface where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. The phrase ""expressed_as"" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A.";mol m-2 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;intppmisc; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Net Primary Organic Carbon Production by Other Phytoplankton";"Vertically integrated total primary (organic carbon) production by other phytoplankton components alone";mol m-2 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;intpppico; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Net Primary Mole Productivity of Carbon by Picophytoplankton";"""Production of carbon"" means the production of biomass expressed as the mass of carbon which it contains. Net primary production is the excess of gross primary production (rate of synthesis of biomass from inorganic precursors) by autotrophs (""producers""), for example, photosynthesis in plants or phytoplankton, over the rate at which the autotrophs themselves respire some of this biomass. ""Productivity"" means production per unit area. Picophytoplankton are phytoplankton of less than 2 micrometers in size. Phytoplankton are autotrophic prokaryotic or eukaryotic algae that live near the water surface where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. The phrase ""expressed_as"" is used in the construction A_expressed_as_B, where B is a chemical constituent of A. It means that the quantity indicated by the standard name is calculated solely with respect to the B contained in A, neglecting all other chemical constituents of A.";mol m-2 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;limfecalc; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,PMIP;mon;"Iron Limitation of Calcareous Phytoplankton";"""Calcareous phytoplankton"" are phytoplankton that produce calcite. Calcite is a mineral that is a polymorph of calcium carbonate. The chemical formula of calcite is CaCO3. Phytoplankton are algae that grow where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. ""Iron growth limitation"" means the ratio of the growth rate of a species population in the environment (where there is a finite availability of iron) to the theoretical growth rate if there were no such limit on iron availability.";1
3;ocnBgChem;limfediaz; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,PMIP;mon;"Iron Limitation of Diazotrophs";"In ocean modelling, diazotrophs are phytoplankton of the phylum cyanobacteria distinct from other phytoplankton groups in their ability to fix nitrogen gas in addition to nitrate and ammonium. Phytoplankton are algae that grow where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. ""Iron growth limitation"" means the ratio of the growth rate of a species population in the environment (where there is a finite availability of iron) to the theoretical growth rate if there were no such limit on iron availability.";1
3;ocnBgChem;limfemisc; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,PMIP;mon;"Iron Limitation of Other Phytoplankton";"Phytoplankton are algae that grow where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. ""Miscellaneous phytoplankton"" are all those phytoplankton that are not diatoms, diazotrophs, calcareous phytoplankton, picophytoplankton or other separately named components of the phytoplankton population. ""Iron growth limitation"" means the ratio of the growth rate of a species population in the environment (where there is a finite availability of iron) to the theoretical growth rate if there were no such limit on iron availability.";1
3;ocnBgChem;limfepico; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,PMIP;mon;"Iron Limitation of Picophytoplankton";"Picophytoplankton are phytoplankton of less than 2 micrometers in size. Phytoplankton are algae that grow where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. ""Iron growth limitation"" means the ratio of the growth rate of a species population in the environment (where there is a finite availability of iron) to the theoretical growth rate if there were no such limit on iron availability.";1
3;ocnBgChem;limirrcalc; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,PMIP;mon;"Irradiance Limitation of Calcareous Phytoplankton";"""Calcareous phytoplankton"" are phytoplankton that produce calcite.  Calcite is a mineral that is a polymorph of calcium carbonate. The chemical formula of calcite is CaCO3. Phytoplankton are algae that grow where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. The specification of a physical process by the phrase ""due_to_"" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. ""Irradiance"" means the power per unit area (called radiative flux in other standard names), the area being normal to the direction of flow of the radiant energy. Solar irradiance is essential to the photosynthesis reaction and its presence promotes the growth of phytoplankton populations. ""Growth limitation due to solar irradiance"" means the ratio of the growth rate of a species population in the environment (where the amount of sunlight reaching a location may be limited) to the theoretical growth rate if there were no such limit on solar irradiance.";1
3;ocnBgChem;limirrdiaz; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,PMIP;mon;"Irradiance Limitation of Diazotrophs";"In ocean modelling, diazotrophs are phytoplankton of the phylum cyanobacteria distinct from other phytoplankton groups in their ability to fix nitrogen gas in addition to nitrate and ammonium. Phytoplankton are algae that grow where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. The specification of a physical process by the phrase ""due_to_"" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. ""Irradiance"" means the power per unit area (called radiative flux in other standard names), the area being normal to the direction of flow of the radiant energy. Solar irradiance is essential to the photosynthesis reaction and its presence promotes the growth of phytoplankton populations. ""Growth limitation due to solar irradiance"" means the ratio of the growth rate of a species population in the environment (where the amount of sunlight reaching a location may be limited) to the theoretical growth rate if there were no such limit on solar irradiance.";1
3;ocnBgChem;limirrmisc; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,PMIP;mon;"Irradiance Limitation of Other Phytoplankton";"Phytoplankton are algae that grow where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. ""Miscellaneous phytoplankton"" are all those phytoplankton that are not diatoms, diazotrophs, calcareous phytoplankton, picophytoplankton or other separately named components of the phytoplankton population. The specification of a physical process by the phrase ""due_to_"" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. ""Irradiance"" means the power per unit area (called radiative flux in other standard names), the area being normal to the direction of flow of the radiant energy. Solar irradiance is essential to the photosynthesis reaction and its presence promotes the growth of phytoplankton populations. ""Growth limitation due to solar irradiance"" means the ratio of the growth rate of a species population in the environment (where the amount of sunlight reaching a location may be limited) to the theoretical growth rate if there were no such limit on solar irradiance.";1
3;ocnBgChem;limirrpico; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,PMIP;mon;"Irradiance Limitation of Picophytoplankton";"Picophytoplankton are phytoplankton of less than 2 micrometers in size. Phytoplankton are algae that grow where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. The specification of a physical process by the phrase ""due_to_"" process means that the quantity named is a single term in a sum of terms which together compose the general quantity named by omitting the phrase. ""Irradiance"" means the power per unit area (called radiative flux in other standard names), the area being normal to the direction of flow of the radiant energy. Solar irradiance is essential to the photosynthesis reaction and its presence promotes the growth of phytoplankton populations. ""Growth limitation due to solar irradiance"" means the ratio of the growth rate of a species population in the environment (where the amount of sunlight reaching a location may be limited) to the theoretical growth rate if there were no such limit on solar irradiance.";1
3;ocnBgChem;limncalc; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,PMIP;mon;"Nitrogen Limitation of Calcareous Phytoplankton";"""Calcareous phytoplankton"" are phytoplankton that produce calcite. Calcite is a mineral that is a polymorph of calcium carbonate. The chemical formula of calcite is CaCO3. Phytoplankton are algae that grow where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. ""Nitrogen growth limitation"" means the ratio of the growth rate of a species population in the environment (where there is a finite availability of nitrogen) to the theoretical growth rate if there were no such limit on nitrogen availability.";1
3;ocnBgChem;limndiaz; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,PMIP;mon;"Nitrogen Limitation of Diazotrophs";"In ocean modelling, diazotrophs are phytoplankton of the phylum cyanobacteria distinct from other phytoplankton groups in their ability to fix nitrogen gas in addition to nitrate and ammonium. Phytoplankton are algae that grow where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. ""Nitrogen growth limitation"" means the ratio of the growth rate of a species population in the environment (where there is a finite availability of nitrogen) to the theoretical growth rate if there were no such limit on nitrogen availability.";1
3;ocnBgChem;limnmisc; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,PMIP;mon;"Nitrogen Limitation of Other Phytoplankton";"Phytoplankton are algae that grow where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. ""Miscellaneous phytoplankton"" are all those phytoplankton that are not diatoms, diazotrophs, calcareous phytoplankton, picophytoplankton or other separately named components of the phytoplankton population. ""Nitrogen growth limitation"" means the ratio of the growth rate of a species population in the environment (where there is a finite availability of nitrogen) to the theoretical growth rate if there were no such limit on nitrogen availability.";1
3;ocnBgChem;limnpico; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,PMIP;mon;"Nitrogen Limitation of Picophytoplankton";"Picophytoplankton are phytoplankton of less than 2 micrometers in size. Phytoplankton are algae that grow where there is sufficient light to support photosynthesis. ""Nitrogen growth limitation"" means the ratio of the growth rate of a species population in the environment (where there is a finite availability of nitrogen) to the theoretical growth rate if there were no such limit on nitrogen availability.";1
3;ocnBgChem;o2min; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB,VolMIP;mon;"Oxygen Minimum Concentration";"'Mole concentration' means number of moles per unit volume, also called ""molarity"", and is used in the construction mole_concentration_of_X_in_Y, where X is a material constituent of Y.  A chemical or biological species denoted by X may be described by a single term such as 'nitrogen' or a phrase such as 'nox_expressed_as_nitrogen'. The concentration of any chemical species, whether particulate or dissolved, may vary with depth in the ocean.  A depth profile may go through one or more local minima in concentration. The mole_concentration_of_molecular_oxygen_in_sea_water_at_shallowest_local_minimum_in_vertical_profile is the mole concentration of oxygen at the local minimum in the concentration profile that occurs closest to the sea surface.";mol m-3
3;ocnBgChem;ocfriver; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Flux of Organic Carbon Into Ocean Surface by Runoff";"Organic Carbon supply to ocean through runoff (separate from gas exchange)";mol m-2 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;phyfeos; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Surface Mole Concentration of Total Phytoplankton expressed as Iron in Sea Water";"sum of phytoplankton iron component concentrations";mol m-3
3;ocnBgChem;phynos; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Surface Mole Concentration of Phytoplankton Nitrogen in Sea Water";"sum of phytoplankton nitrogen component concentrations";mol m-3
3;ocnBgChem;phypos; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Surface Mole Concentration of Total Phytoplankton expressed as Phosphorus in Sea Water";"sum of phytoplankton phosphorus components";mol m-3
3;ocnBgChem;physios; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Surface Mole Concentration of Total Phytoplankton expressed as Silicon in Sea Water";"sum of phytoplankton silica component concentrations";mol m-3
3;ocnBgChem;ponos; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Surface Mole Concentration of Particulate Organic Matter expressed as Nitrogen in Sea Water";"sum of particulate organic nitrogen component concentrations";mol m-3
3;ocnBgChem;popos; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP;mon;"Surface Mole Concentration of Particulate Organic Matter expressed as Phosphorus in Sea Water";"sum of particulate organic phosphorus component concentrations";mol m-3
3;ocnBgChem;ppcalc; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Tendency of Mole Concentration of Organic Carbon in Sea Water due to Net Primary Production by Calcareous Phytoplankton";"Primary (organic carbon) production by the calcite-producing phytoplankton component alone";mol m-3 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;ppdiat; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Diatom Primary Carbon Production";"Primary (organic carbon) production by the diatom component alone";mol m-3 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;ppdiaz; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Tendency of Mole Concentration of Organic Carbon in Sea Water due to Net Primary Production by Diazotrophs";"Primary (organic carbon) production by the diazotrophic phytoplankton component alone";mol m-3 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;ppmisc; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Other Phytoplankton Carbon Production";"Primary (organic carbon) production by other phytoplankton components alone";mol m-3 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;pppico; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GeoMIP,LUMIP,OMIP;mon,yr;"Tendency of Mole Concentration of Organic Carbon in Sea Water due to Net Primary Production by Picophytoplankton";"Primary (organic carbon) production by the picophytoplankton (<2 um) component alone";mol m-3 s-1
3;ocnBgChem;zo2min; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Depth of Oxygen Minimum Concentration";"Depth of vertical minimum concentration of dissolved oxygen gas (if two, then the shallower)";m
3;ocnBgChem;zsatarag; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Aragonite Saturation Depth";"Depth of aragonite saturation horizon (0 if undersaturated at all depths, ""missing"" if supersaturated at all depths; if multiple horizons exist, the shallowest should be taken).";m
3;ocnBgChem;zsatcalc; ; ;AerChemMIP,C4MIP,CMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,OMIP,VIACSAB;mon;"Calcite Saturation Depth";"Depth of calcite saturation horizon (0 if undersaturated at all depths, and missing saturated through whole depth; if two or more horizons exist, then the shallowest is reported)";m
3;seaIce;sidragbot; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Ocean drag coefficient";"Oceanic drag coefficient that is used to calculate the oceanic momentum drag on sea ice";1
3;seaIce;sidragtop; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Atmospheric drag coefficient";"Atmospheric drag coefficient that is used to calculate the atmospheric momentum drag on sea ice";1
3;seaIce;siforcecoriolx; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Coriolis force term in force balance (x-component)";"X-component of force on sea ice caused by coriolis force";N m-2
3;seaIce;siforcecorioly; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Coriolis force term in force balance (y-component)";"Y-component of force on sea ice caused by coriolis force";N m-2
3;seaIce;siforceintstrx; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Internal stress term in force balance (x-component)";"X-component of force on sea ice caused by internal stress (divergence of sigma)";N m-2
3;seaIce;siforceintstry; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Internal stress term in force balance (y-component)";"Y-component of force on sea ice caused by internal stress (divergence of sigma)";N m-2
3;seaIce;siforcetiltx; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Sea-surface tilt term in force balance (x-component)";"X-component of force on sea ice caused by sea-surface tilt";N m-2
3;seaIce;siforcetilty; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Sea-surface tilt term in force balance (y-component)";"Y-component of force on sea ice caused by sea-surface tilt";N m-2
3;seaIce;siitdconc; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Sea-ice area fractions in thickness categories";"Area fraction of grid cell covered by each ice-thickness category (vector with one entry for each thickness category starting from the thinnest category, netcdf file should use thickness bounds of the categories as third coordinate axis)";%
3;seaIce;siitdsnconc; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Snow area fractions in thickness categories";"Area fraction of grid cell covered by snow in each ice-thickness category (vector with one entry for each thickness category starting from the thinnest category, netcdf file should use thickness bounds of the categories as third coordinate axis)";%
3;seaIce;siitdsnthick; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Snow thickness in thickness categories";"Actual thickness of snow in each  category (NOT volume divided by grid area),  (vector with one entry for each thickness category starting from the thinnest category, netcdf file should use thickness bounds of categories as third coordinate axis)";m
3;seaIce;siitdthick; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Sea-ice thickness in thickness categories";"Actual (floe) thickness of sea ice in each  category (NOT volume divided by grid area),  (vector with one entry for each thickness category starting from the thinnest category, netcdf file should use thickness bounds of categories as third coordinate axis)";m
3;seaIce;simpconc; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Percentage Cover of Sea-Ice by Meltpond";"Fraction of sea ice, by area, which is covered by melt ponds, giving equal weight to every square metre of sea ice .";%
3;seaIce;simpmass; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Meltpond Mass per Unit Area";"Meltpond mass per area of sea ice.";kg m-2
3;seaIce;simprefrozen; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Thickness of Refrozen Ice on Melt Pond";"Volume of refrozen ice on melt ponds divided by meltpond covered area";m
3;seaIce;sirdgconc; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Percentage Cover of Sea-Ice by Ridging";"Fraction of sea ice, by area, which is covered by sea ice ridges, giving equal weight to every square metre of sea ice .";1
3;seaIce;sirdgthick; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Ridged ice thickness";"Sea Ice Ridge Height (representing mean height over the ridged area)";m
3;seaIce;sisali; ;no;C4MIP,CFMIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,PMIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Sea ice salinity";"Mean sea-ice salinity of all sea ice in grid cell";0.001
3;seaIce;sisaltmass; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;mon;"Mass of salt in sea ice per area";"Total mass of all salt in sea ice divided by grid-cell area";kg m-2
3;seaIce;sistremax; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;monPt;"Maximum shear stress in sea ice";"Maximum shear stress in sea ice (second stress invariant)";N m-1
3;seaIce;sistresave; ;no;C4MIP,CMIP,FAFMIP,GMMIP,GeoMIP,HighResMIP,LS3MIP,RFMIP,SIMIP;monPt;"Average normal stress in sea ice";"Average normal stress in sea ice (first stress invariant)";N m-1